專題04閱讀理解之說明文

考點01中考真題匯編

（一）

（2025·湖北統(tǒng)考·中考真題）Longago,inancientChina,therewasastoryabouttheinventionofsilk.

PeoplebelievedthatsilkwasfirstinventedbyLeizu,thewifeoftheYellowEmperor.Leizulearnedhowtomake

cocoons(蠶繭)intosoftandstrongcloth.Thismagicalclothbecameknownas“silk”,anditwassovaluablethatit

wascalled“China’sGold”.Followingkings’orders,theChinesekeptthesecretofmakingsilkforcenturies.

Butthen,somethingamazinghappened!DuringtheHanDynasty,thebraveofficerZhangQiantraveled

westasfarasCentralAsiaandbroughtsilkthere.Asyearspassedby,silkbecamesoimportantthatthetraderoad

fromEuropetoChinagotitsname—theSilkRoad.

TheSilkRoadbecameabusyhighwayfortraderswhocarriedthingsacrossdesertsandmountains.From

China,peoplesoldsilkandtea.Inreturn,theyreceivedtreasuressuchasspices(香料),goldandsilverfromthe

West.Attheverybeginning,itwasmainlyabouttrade;thenpeoplebegantoshareideas,technologiesandcultures.

Forexample,ChineseinventionslikepapermakingwerespreadtotheWest,whilenewideasaboutmathand

sciencecametoChina.

Mostimportantly,theSilkRoadhelpeddifferentcultureslearnfromeachother.Art,musicandeven

languageweresharedalongthisancientroad.InplacesliketheDunhuangGrottoes(敦煌石窟)inChina,youcan

seehowartpiecescombined(融合)EasternandWesternstylesintosomethingdistinctive.Itcannotbeseen

anywhereelse.

ThestoryoftheSilkRoadtellsushowpeoplefromfarawaylandscouldbecomefriendsthroughtradeand

sharedideas.Today,weremembertheSilkRoadasoneofthegreatestexamplesofcooperationandexchangein

history.Itshowsushowimportantitistolearnaboutandrespecteachother’straditions,andthatdifferentcultures

canworktogethertocreateamazingthings.

1．WhoinventedsilkinancientChina?

A．Leizu.B．Thekings.C．ZhangQian.D．TheYellowEmperor.

2．WhatwasspreadfromChinatotheWestaccordingtoparagraph3?

A．Silkandgold.B．Teaandpapermaking.C．Spicesandsilver.

D．Newideasofscience.

3．Whatistherightorderofthefollowingfactsfromthepassage?

①ZhangQiantraveledwestwithsilk.

②ArtandlanguageweresharedalongtheSilkRoad.

③TradersfromChinaandtheWestexchangedthings.

④TheChinesewereorderedtokeepthesecretofmakingsilk.

A．①→④→③→②B．①→③→④→②C．④→①→③→②D．④→③→②→①

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distinctive”meaninparagraph4?

A．Special.B．Public.C．Popular.D．Strong.

5．WhatdoesthestoryoftheSilkRoadmainlytellus?

A．Thechangeofworldtrade.B．Theintroductionofsilkcloth.

C．Theinfluenceoftechnologyinhistory.D．Theimportanceofcross-culturalcommunication.

【答案】1．A2．B3．C4．A5．D

【解析】本文介紹了絲綢之路的由來以及跨文化交流的重要性。

1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“PeoplebelievedthatsilkwasfirstinventedbyLeizu,thewifeoftheYellowEmperor.”可知

絲綢是嫘祖發(fā)明的。故選A。

2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“FromChina,peoplesoldsilkandtea.Inreturn,theyreceivedtreasuressuchasspices,gold

andsilverfromtheWest.”和“Forexample,ChineseinventionslikepapermakingwerespreadtotheWest,”可知絲

綢、茶葉和造紙從中國運到西方。故選B。

3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Followingkings’orders,theChinesekeptthesecretofmakingsilkforcenturies.”

可知絲綢制作方法一直是保密的，即④，直到后來“DuringtheHanDynasty,thebraveofficerZhangQian

traveledwestasfarasCentralAsiaandbroughtsilkthere.”張騫把絲綢帶去西方，即①，然后開始有絲綢之路。

故選C。

4．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“youcanseehowartpiecescombinedEasternandWesternstylesintosomethingdistinctive.”

可知中西方文化融合會出來特殊的東西。故選A。

5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“ThestoryoftheSilkRoadtellsushowpeoplefromfarawaylandscouldbecomefriends

throughtradeandsharedideas.”可知絲綢之路的故事告訴我們以前的人們會通過貿易和分享成為朋友，因此

介紹了跨文化交流的重要性。故選D。

（三）

（2024·湖北統(tǒng)考·中考真題）Sofar,Chinahassuccessfullysentalargenumberofsatellites(衛(wèi)星)and

spaceshipsintospace.Spacescientistshavebeengreatlyinspired(賦予靈感)bytheoldstoriesandancientfamous

peoplewhengivingthemnames.

Sincethousandsofyearsago,Chinesepeoplehavedreamedofgoingtothemoon.Chang’eFliestothe

Moonisoneofthemostpopularstories.Asyoucansee,China’sfirstman-madesatellitetocirclearoundthemoon

wasnamedChang’eI.Moreinterestingly,themoonrover(巡視器)wasnamedaftertheJadeRabbit,whoisthe

partnerofChang’einthestory.Theseoldstoriescarrypeople’sbestwishesanddreams.Withthedevelopmentof

scienceandtechnology,ourscientistshavemadethemcometrue.

KuaFuRunsAftertheSunisanotherstorytoshowhowmuchancientChinesepeoplewantedtoknowabout

theunknownworld.Now,KuaFuisgoingwiththescientiststo“visit”thesun,becausewehaveaspaceproject

calledKuaFuMission.

Besidestheancientstories,spacescientistsalsogetideasfromancientfamouspeople.Forexample,Mozi,

anancientscientist,discoveredthatlighttravelsinastraightlineover2,000yearsago.Hisdiscoverymadespace

studytakeabigstepatthattime.So,China’sfirstquantum(量子)sciencesatellitewasnamedMozi,makingChina

thefirstcountryintheworldtoachievequantumcommunicationbetweensatellitesandtheground.

Fromsuchsimplethingsasgivingnamestothesatellites,wecanseehowgreatourtraditionalcultureisand

whatinfluenceithasonourmodernscienceandtechnology.

1．InChina,spacescientistsgetideasfrom________whennamingsatellites.

①oldstories②traditionalprojects

③ancientfamouspeople④popularinventions

A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④

2．WhatdoweknowaboutChang’eIaccordingtothepassage?

A．Itmovesaroundthemoon.B．ItprotectstheJadeRabbit.

C．It“visits”thesunwiththescientists.D．Itistheworld’sfirstman-madesatellite.

3．HowdoesthewritersupporthisopinioninParagraph4?

A．Bylistingnumbers.B．Bycomparingfacts.

C．Bygivinganexample.D．Byreportingaresult.

4．Whichistherightstructureofthepassage?

(①=Paragraph1②=Paragraph2,…)

A．B．

C．D．

5．What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthepassage?

A．TospreadthetraditionalChineseculture.

B．Toexplainhowourscientistsdevelopthespaceindustry.

C．Tointroducetheachievementsinourscienceandtechnology.

D．TotellhowtraditionalChinesecultureinfluencesourspacescience.

【答案】1．B2．A3．C4．A5．D

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了嫦娥一號、“玉兔號”月球車、“墨子號”空間量子科學實驗衛(wèi)星等與

中國古代傳統(tǒng)文化之間的淵源，表明了我國傳統(tǒng)文化對我國太空技術的深遠影響。

1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Spacescientistshavebeengreatlyinspired(賦予靈感)bytheoldstoriesandancientfamous

peoplewhengivingthemnames.”可知，太空科學家給衛(wèi)星命名時受到古老的故事以及古代著名人物的啟發(fā)。

故選B。

2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asyoucansee,China’sfirstman-madesatellitetocirclearoundthemoonwasnamed

Chang’eI.”可知，嫦娥一號繞月運行。故選A。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Besidestheancientstories,spacescientistsalsogetideasfromancientfamouspeople.For

example…”可知，文章第四段介紹科學家給衛(wèi)星命名時還受到古代名人的啟發(fā)，下文列舉了“墨子號”的例子。

故作者通過舉例子的方式支持自己的觀點。故選C。

4．篇章結構題。通讀文章可知，第一段介紹文章主題，太空技術與古代傳統(tǒng)文化有關系；第二、三、四段

分別從中國傳統(tǒng)故事以及古代著名人物方面介紹；最后一段總結全文，升華主題。故文章的結構是總（①）

——分（②③④）——總（⑤）。故選A。

5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Fromsuchsimplethingsasgivingnamestothesatellites,wecanseehowgreatour

traditionalcultureisandwhatinfluenceithasonourmodernscienceandtechnology.”及全文可知，作者寫這篇文

章的目的是介紹中國的空間技術與中國傳統(tǒng)文化之間的淵源，中國傳統(tǒng)文化影響著我國的空間技術。故選D。

（三）（2024·湖北·中考真題）

EatWell,LiveWell

Weeatfoodsothatwehaveenergytorun,jumpandplay.

Weshouldhaveplentyofdifferentthings.

WeshouldeatplentyofdairyWeshouldalsoeat

enoughgrainproductssothatwehaveenergyto

productssuchasmilk,cheese,andsoon.Alongwithfish,workandplay.Grainproductsincludebread,

beansandmeat,dairyproductsmakeusstrong.riceandnoodles.

Doit!

Doit!Eatacertainamount(數(shù)

Lookforlow-fatmilkandcheese.

量)ofgrainproductstokeepfit.

Theyarehealthier.

Fruitandvegetableskeepushealthy.WeDon’t

shouldeatplentyofthemateverymeal.

forgettodrinkwater.Weshoulddrink6-8

Doit!

glassesofwatereverydaysothatourbodies

Trytoeatfruitandvegetablesindifferentcolorseveryday.

workproperly.

1．Whichofthefollowingisakindofdairyproducts?

A．Fish.B．Beans.C．Milk.D．Noodles.

2．Howmanykindsofgrainproductsarementionedinthepassage?

A．Two.B．Three.C．Four.D．Five.

3．Whichishealthierthantheotherthreeaccordingtothepassage?

A．B．

C．D．

4．What’sthewriter’sopinionabouteatingwell?

A．Grainproductsarethebestofall.B．Eatplentyoffoodasyoulikeeveryday.

C．Vegetablesmakeourbodiesworkproperly.D．Havedifferentkindsoffoodandenoughwater.

5．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthepassage?

A．Art.B．Sports.C．Health.D．Education.

【答案】1．C2．B3．A4．D5．C

【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了我們應該如何健康合理地飲食。

1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Weshouldeatplentyofdairyproductssuchasmilk,cheese,andsoon.”可知，牛奶是乳制

品。故選C。

2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Grainproductsincludebread,riceandnoodles.”可知，文中提到了面包、米飯、面條三

種谷類食物。故選B。

3．細節(jié)理解題。通讀文章可知，一份健康的飲食應該包括乳制品、肉類、豆子、谷類食物、水果蔬菜以及

水等。B選項缺少乳制品、肉類，C選項缺少水果蔬菜，D選項缺少乳制品，只有A選項種類齊全，更健

康。故選A。

4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Weshouldhaveplentyofdifferentthings.”及“Don’tforgettodrinkwater.Weshoulddrink

6-8glassesofwatereveryday”可知，作者認為我們應該吃各種不同的食物以及多喝水。故選D。

5．推理判斷題。通讀文章可知，本文主要介紹了健康合理的飲食，故可能在“健康”版塊讀到此文章。故選

C。

（四）

（2023·湖北恩施·中考真題）Overthepasttenyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountrysideof

China.BachaVillageinHeilongjiangProvinceisoneofthem.Thepeopletherehavebecomerichwiththe

developmentofthetourism.

YouMingfen,a57-year-oldlocalwoman,openedahotelinherowntwo-floorhouse.Herfamilyalsohasa

fishingboat.Herhusbandcanuseittogetthefreshfish,whichwillbeofferedtotheguestsfromalloverChina.

Thefishskinandbonescanalsobemadeintohand-madegifts.Theyareverypopularwiththetourists.

“ThebusiesttourismseasoninBachalastsfromMaytoOctober,whichcanbringusmorethan50,000yuan

ayear,”shesaid,“Inwinter,wecanstayinawarmroomandenjoytheleisuretime.Itwasimpossiblebefore.At

thattime,wealmostdependedonfishingforaliving.”

Since2016,thetourismindustryinBachaVillagehasdevelopedrapidly.Lastyear,morethan60,000

touristscamehere,andtheincomeforeachpersoninthevillageincreasedto25,600yuan.Now,theroadsare

wider,thehousesarebrighterandthelivingconditionsaremorecomfortable.

Thankstothegoodpoliciesofthegovernment,villagersgetmorewaystomakemoney.Manyyoungpeople

whoworkfarawaycomebackandworkintheirownhometown.Theycannotonlycarefortheirfamiliesbutalso

buildtheirhometown.PeopleinChinahaveasenseofhappinessfromthebottomoftheirhearts.

1．Accordingtothepassage,peopleinBachahavebecomerichwiththedevelopmentofthe_________.

A．educationB．farmingC．fishingD．tourism

2．InParagraph4,theunderlinedword“income”means________inChinese.

A．收入B．支出C．價格D．稅收

3．WhichofthefollowingaboutYouMingfenisTRUE?

A．Sheis75yearsold.B．Shehasatwo-floorhouse.

C．Shehasanicecar.D．Thegiftsmadebyherareexpensive.

4．Wecanreadthispassageinthe_________partofthenewspaper.

A．sportsB．healthC．scienceD．society

5．Fromthelastparagraph,weknowthat________.

A．manyyoungpeoplegotobigcitiesforwork

B．Chinesepeoplearelivingahappylifenow

C．thegovernmentcarriesoutpoliciestoprotecttheenvironment

D．manyoldpeoplehavetolookaftertheirgrandchildrenathome

【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．D5．B

【解析】本文以黑龍江八岔村為例，介紹了在中國好政策的指導下，社會發(fā)展，人民致富的繁榮景象。

1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thepeopletherehavebecomerichwiththedevelopmentofthetourism.”可知，隨著旅游

業(yè)的發(fā)展，八岔村的村民變富裕了。故選D。

2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“thetourismindustryinBachaVillagehasdevelopedrapidly.Lastyear,morethan60,000

touristscamehere,andtheincomeforeachpersoninthevillageincreasedto25,600yuan.”可知，八岔村旅游業(yè)

發(fā)展迅速，去年有6萬多名游客前去觀光，這帶動了八岔村村民收入的提高，劃線部分意為“收入”。故選A。

3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“YouMingfen,a57-year-oldlocalwoman,openedahotelinherowntwo-floorhouse.”可知，

YouMingfen有一個2層小樓。故選B。

4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Overthepasttenyears,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecountrysideofChina.”及全文

可知，本文以黑龍江八岔村為例，介紹了在中國好政策的指導下，社會發(fā)展，人民致富的繁榮景象，該文

章屬于“社會”范疇，故在報紙的“社會”版塊可讀到。故選D。

5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thankstothegoodpoliciesofthegovernment,villagersgetmorewaystomake

money.…PeopleinChinahaveasenseofhappinessfromthebottomoftheirhearts.”可知，中國人現(xiàn)在有了更多

致富途徑，有發(fā)自內心的幸福感，故推知現(xiàn)在中國人民過著幸福生活。故選B。

（五）（2023·湖北鄂州·中考真題）

(Niuperformsonthestage)

Whentheothermodelsappearedonthestage,theaudience（觀眾）cheeredandclapped.ThenitwasNiu’s

turn.Theaudiencesuddenlybecamesilent.However,afterfourorfiveseconds,Niuclearlyheardsomeonenextto

thestagesayinadmiration,“Socool!”

NiuYu,24,becameashiningstaratShanghaiFashionWeekforherconfidence,eventhoughshewas

wearingaprostheticleg.WhenNiuwasonly11,sheunluckilylostherrightlegduringtheWenchuanEarthquake.

Niuhaswonlotsofpraise.Thisgivesthosewhohaveprejudice（偏見）againstthedisabledahitonthenose.

“Iwastouchedbysomethingtheysaid.Theysaidthetraditionalviewwasthatsportswereforpeoplewithhealthy

legs,butsportsshouldbeakindofspirit.EventhoughIhavelostaleg,Istilldeeplylovesportsandwilldoso

forever,”Niusaid.Actually,Niufirstdrewthepublic’sattentionwhenshecompletedamarathon—a

42.195-kilometerracein2018,whichwasheldinWenchuantomarkthetenthanniversary（周年紀念）ofthe

earthquake.

Now,Niuworksasaphotographerandhasmorethan960,000followersonsocialplatforms,suchasDouyin.

“IfeelIhaveasocialresponsibilitytobridgethedisabledandthepublic.Showingmylifetothepubliccanallow

themtobetterunderstandourgroupandcanalsotellotherdisabledpeoplethatoursocietyismoretolerant（寬容）

thantheyimagined,”sheexplained.

1．WhatisNiuYunow?

A．Asportsstar.B．Asinger.C．Amodel.D．Aphotographer.

2．Theaudiencesuddenly________whenNiuYuappearedonthestage.

A．cheeredB．clappedC．becamesilentD．laughed

3．HowoldwasNiuYuwhenshelostherrightleg?

A．24yearsold.B．11yearsold.C．10yearsold.D．4yearsold.

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“followers”meaninParagraph4?

A．Fans.B．Dancers.C．Photos.D．Learners.

5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A．NiuYubecameashiningstarforherconfidence.

B．NiuYuhasover960,000followersonsocialplatforms.

C．NiuYufirstdrewthepublic’sattentioninthemarathonin2018.

D．NiuYuthinkssportsareforpeoplewithhealthylegs.

【答案】1．D2．C3．B4．A5．D

【解析】本文介紹了在汶川地震中失去右腳卻努力成為模特和攝影師的女孩——牛鈺。

1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Now,Niuworksasaphotographerandhasmorethan960,000followersonsocialplatforms,

suchasDouyin.”可知，?，F(xiàn)在是一名攝影師。故選D。

2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThenitwasNiu’sturn.Theaudiencesuddenlybecamesilent.”可知，當她出現(xiàn)在舞臺上

的時候，觀眾們突然沉默下來。故選C。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhenNiuwasonly11,sheunluckilylostherrightlegduringtheWenchuanEarthquake.”

可知，在她11歲時，她在汶川地震中不幸地失去了她的右腳。故選B。

4．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Now,Niuworksasaphotographerandhasmorethan960,000followersonsocialplatforms,

suchasDouyin.”可知，現(xiàn)在，牛是一名攝影師，在抖音等社交平臺上擁有超過96萬粉絲。followers意為“粉

絲”，與fans同義。故選A。

5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theysaidthetraditionalviewwasthatsportswereforpeoplewithhealthylegs,butsports

shouldbeakindofspirit.EventhoughIhavelostaleg,Istilldeeplylovesportsandwilldosoforever”可知，他們

說，傳統(tǒng)觀點認為，運動是為腿健康的人準備的，但運動應該是一種精神。盡管她失去了一條腿，但她仍

然熱愛體育，并將永遠熱愛體育。由此可知，她不認為運動是為腿健康的人準備的。故選D。

（六）（2023·湖北隨州·中考真題）

Youarealwaystoldtowashyourhandsbeforeyoueat.Youknowyoumustwashyourhandsaftergoingto

thebathroom.Youshouldwashyourhandsmanytimesduringtheday.Doyouknowhowtowashyourhands

correctly?

Alwaysusesoaptowashyourhands.Afterturningonthetap(水龍頭)andwettingyourhands,youcan

rub(摩擦)yourhandswithsoap.Soapmaynotkillallthegerms(細菌),butitcanwashawaytheoilonyourskin.

Astheoiliswashedaway,thegermswillleaveyourhandsandgoaway.

Youshouldwashyourhandsfor15-20seconds.Howdoyouknowthelength(長度)of15-20seconds?

YoucansingABCSong.Bythetimeyougettothelastnote,yourhandswillbeclean!

Rubyourhandstogether.Youcanuseonehandtorubthebackoftheotherhandandthenexchangetwo

hands.Youalsoneedtorubbetweenyourfingers.Don’tforgettorubunderandaroundyourfingernails.

Maybeyourhandsdon’tlookdirty,buttherearegermsonthem.Germsaretoosmallforyoutosee.They

areonyourhandsallthetime.Manyillnessesarecausedbygerms,soyoushouldoftenwashyourhands.

1．WhydoesthewritermentionABCSong?

A．Becauseitisthemostpopularsongintheworld.

B．Becauseeveryonecansingthissongverywell.

C．BecausewashinghandsisaseasyassingingABCSong.

D．Becauseyoucansingthissongtoknowthelengthofwashinghands.

2．Theunderlinedword“note”inParagraph3means“________”inChinese.

A．音符B．注釋C．筆記D．便條

3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A．Usingsoaptowashyourhands.B．Usingacleantowel(毛巾)todryyourhands.

C．Washingyourhandsforabout20seconds.D．Rubbingunderandaroundyourfingernails.

4．Accordingtothepassage,youcanknow________.

A．whyyoushouldoftenwashhandsB．whatthebestsoappeopleusuallyuseis

C．whatkindofgermsthereareonyourhandsD．howmanygermsthereareonyourhands

5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A．Howtostayhealthy.B．Howtoprotectyourfingers.

C．Howtowashhandscorrectly.D．Howtokeepawayfromgerms.

【答案】1．D2．A3．B4．A5．C

【解析】本文主要是介紹如何正確洗手。

1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Howdoyouknowthelength(長度)of15-20seconds?YoucansingABCSong.”可知可以

通過唱歌知道洗手的時間，故選D。

2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“YoucansingABCSong.Bythetimeyougettothelastnote,yourhandswillbeclean!”可

知，唱到最后一個音符，手就洗好了，可推測“note”意為“音符”，故選A。

3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Alwaysusesoaptowashyourhands.”，“Youshouldwashyourhandsfor15-20seconds.”

和“Rubyourhandstogether.”可知，并沒有提到用干凈的毛巾擦干手，故選B。

4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Manyillnessesarecausedbygerms,soyoushouldoftenwashyourhands.”可知，細菌可

以導致很多疾病，所以要勤洗手，說明我們可以知道為什么要經(jīng)常洗手，故選A。

5．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Doyouknowhowtowashyourhandscorrectly?”以及下文介紹的洗手方法可知，本文

主要是介紹如何正確洗手，故選C。

考點022025年中考模擬

（一）

（2025·湖北黃岡·三模）①DoyouknowthatChinahascarriedoutanotherexcitingspacemission(任務)?

It’scalledShenzhou-19,andit’sanotheramazingjourneytoourspacestation.

②Threeastronauts,CaiXuzhe,SongLingdongandWangHaoze,arepartofthismission.Caiisthe

commander(指令長),andheonceflewtospacein2022withtheShenzhou-14mission.BothSongandWangwere

borninthe1990s.Theyarenewtospacetravel,buttheyareveryexperienced.Songusedtobeanairforcepilot,

andWangisChina’sonlywomanspaceflightengineer.SheisalsothethirdChinesewomantogoonaspace

missionafterLiuYangandWangYaping.

③TheShenzhou-19spaceshiptookofffromJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterintheearlymorningon

October30,2024.TheywentupintospaceandmettheShenzhou-18astronautsatthespacestation.Theywillstay

thereformonthsanddomanyimportantjobs.

④Duringtheirtimeinspace,theastronautswilldoscientificexperiments(實驗),goonspacewalks,and

evenhelpwithbuildingandfixingthingsoutsidethespacestation.Theywillalsoteachusaboutspacethrough

educationalactivities.Aftertheirworkisdone,theyareexpectedtocomebacktotheearthinlateAprilorearly

Maythisyear.

⑤Let’skeepoureyesonthestarsanddreamabouttheexcitingthingswecanlearnfromthismission.

Maybeonedaywe’llbepartofChina’sspaceadventurestoo!

1．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheastronautsofShenzhou-19isTrue?

A．SongLingdongwasanarmyofficerbefore.

B．Allthreeastronautshavebeentospacebefore.

C．CaiXuzhecarriedouttheShenzhou-14mission.

D．WangHaozeisthefirstChinesewomanspaceflightengineer.

2．Whatwilltheastronautsdoduringthemission?

a.dosomeexperimentsb.goonspacewalks

c.drivetheairplaned.teachstudentsaboutspace

A．abcB．bcdC．cdaD．abd

3．Howlongwilltheastronautsstayinspace?

A．Foraboutamonth.B．Forlessthanthreemonths.

C．Foraroundhalfayear.D．Foroverayear.

4．Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?

A．Thehistoryofspaceexploration.B．AnotherspacemissionofChina.

C．Astronauts’personalstories.D．China’sspaceplan.

5．Whichistherightstructureofthepassage?(①=Paragraph1②=Paragraph2…)

A．B．C．D．

【答案】1．C2．D3．C4．B5．A

【解析】本文主要講述了中國進行的又一次激動人心的太空任務——神舟十九號。

1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Caiisthecommander(指令長),andheonceflewtospacein2022withtheShenzhou-14

mission.”可知，蔡旭哲在2022年曾隨“神船十四號”任務飛往太空。故選C。

2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Duringtheirtimeinspace,theastronautswilldoscientificexperiments(實驗),goon

spacewalks,andevenhelpwithbuildingandfixingthingsoutsidethespacestation.Theywillalsoteachusabout

spacethrougheducationalactivities.”可知，宇航員在太空期間將進行科學實驗、進行太空行走，并通過教育

活動向人們傳授太空知識，因此選項abd正確。故選D。

3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“TheShenzhou-19spaceshiptookofffromJiuquanSatelliteLaunchCenterintheearly

morningonOctober30,2024…Aftertheirworkisdone,theyareexpectedtocomebacktotheearthinlateApril

orearlyMaythisyear.”可知，宇航員預計將在2024年10月30日發(fā)射，并在2025年4月底或5月初返回地

球。因此，他們在太空停留的時間大約為6個月。故選C。

4．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了中國進行的又一次激動人心的太空任務——神舟十九號。

故選B。

5．篇章結構題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出主題；第二三四段介紹任務人員、內容等；第五段總結，因此

文章為總分總結構。故選A。

（二）（2025·湖北省部分學校聯(lián)考·二模）

TheFirstStepsintoSpaceIn1961,SovietastronautYuriGagarinbecamethefirsthumanin

space,completinga108-minuteflightthatshowedspacetravelwaspossible.In1969,theU.S.Apollo11mission

landedontheMoon.AstronautNeilArmstrongwasthefirsttostepontoitssurface.Hisfamouswords—“Onesmall

stepforman,onegiantleapformankind”—markedahugemilestone(里程碑).

SpaceTechnologyinOurLives

Manyeverydaytechnologiescomefromspaceresearch.Satelliteshelpustrack(追蹤)storms,sendemails,

andfinddirectionswithGPS.Memoryfoam(記憶棉)inpillowsandmattresses(床墊)wasfirstdevelopedfor

astronauts’comfortduringspacemissions.Eventhewaterfilters(過濾器)inourhomesusedesignstestedinspace

stations.Spaceexplorationisn’tjustaboutdiscovery—it’salsoaboutimprovinglifeontheEarth.________

OnApril24,2025,Chinalaunched(發(fā)射)theShenzhou-20crewedspaceshipfromJiuquanSatelliteLaunch

Center.Threeastronautsweresentonasix-monthmissiontotheorbiting(繞軌道運行)spacestation,Tiangong.

ChinaistrainingnewastronautsincludingthosefromHK,Macaoandtheymaygotospacein2026.Moreover,

Pakistan(巴基斯坦)willhavetwoastronautstrainedbyChina.TheseeffortsmarkakeystepinChina’sspace

exploration.

1．WhywereNeilArmstrong’swordsfamous?

A．Theywereeasytoremember.B．TheyweresaidontheMoon.

C．Theymarkedabigmoment.D．Theyinspiredpeopletodream.

2．Becauseofspacetechnology,humanscan________.

①stopbadweather②drinkcleanerwaterathome

③sendlettersbypostfaster④useGPSonphonestofindways

⑤sleepbetteronmemory-foampillows

A．①②③B．①②④C．③④⑤D．②④⑤

3．Thebesttitleforthethirdpieceofnewswouldbe________.

A．China’sBigStepinSpaceB．AstronautsfromDifferentCountries

C．TiangongSpaceStationD．Shenzhou-20:TheFastestSpaceship

4．Inwhichofthesectionscanwereadtheabovenews?

A．Travel.B．Lifestyle.C．Technology.D．Sports.

5．Whatdoestheabovenewsfocuson?

A．Thelatestspacetechnology.B．Somefamousastronauts.

C．Bigspaceachievements.D．Humans’spaceexploration.

【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．C5．D

【解析】本文主要介紹了人類太空探索相關內容，包括早期太空旅行、太空技術在生活中的應用以及中國

航天的新進展。

1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Onesmallstepforman,onegiantleapformankind”可知，個人的一小步，人類的一大

步，這句話標志了人類登月的重大歷史時刻。故選C。

2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“finddirectionswithGPS…Memoryfoam(記憶棉)inpillowsandmattresses(床墊)was

firstdevelopedforastronauts’comfortduringspacemissions.Eventhewaterfilters(過濾器)inourhomesuse

designstestedinsp