TheEntireLifeoftheFirstEmperorAttributiveClausesQinShihuangwasborninHandan.Hesucceededhisfather’scareerattheageof13.QinShihuangwhowasborninHandansucceededhisfather’scareerattheageof13.Antecedent(先行詞)Relativewords(引導(dǎo)詞)AttributiveClauses定語(yǔ)從句Arelativeclauseisanadjectiveclausethatoftenmodifyanounorpronoun。用來(lái)修飾名詞或者代詞的句子AttributiveClausesQinShihuangwhowasborninHandansucceededhisfather’scareerattheageof13.QinShihuang，

whowasborninHandan，succeededhisfather’scareerattheageof13.限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句形式上不用逗號(hào)“，”與主句隔開(kāi)用逗號(hào)“，”與主句隔開(kāi)意義上是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整只是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。譯法上譯成先行詞的定語(yǔ)：“…的”通常譯成主句的并列句關(guān)系詞的使用上1.作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略1.不可省略2.可用that2.不用that3.可用who代替whom3.不可用who代替whomRelativePronounQinShihuangwhowasborninHandansucceededhisfather’scareerattheageof13.Antecedent(先行詞)Relativewords(引導(dǎo)詞)AttributiveClauses定語(yǔ)從句1.Inhisearyage,ZhaoStateprisonedhisfatherwhomQinStatesentthereasahostage(人質(zhì)).2.QinDynastywhosemilitarystrengthwaspowerfulsucceededinunifyingothersixcountries.3.Asweknow,QinShiHuangwasthefirstpoliticalfigureinChinesehistorywhoachievedgreatunion.4.HislifestoryisrelatedtothefoundationanddevelopmentoftheQinwhich/thathavehadabigimpactonthehistoryofChinaandevenEastAsia.RelativePronoun關(guān)系代詞:whowhomwhosethatwhichasRelativePronoun關(guān)系代詞:whowhomwhosethatwhichas先行詞是人先行詞是物先行詞可是物也可是人RelativePronounBornandgrowth

6.Heendedthesituationofdividedrulebykings_______________hewantedtouniteandfoundedthefirstunitedcentralizedstate_________namewastheQinDynastyinChinesehistory.1.QinShiHuang____________wasborninHandanwasthesonofKingZhuangxiangofQinandZhaoJi.2.He_________fatherwasahostageinZhaoStatelivedinZhaoStateinhisearlyyearsandexperiencedmanyupsanddowns.3.Later,hereturnedtoQinState___________washismotherland.4.Hebegantounifythesixkingdoms__________existedatthattime.5._____isexpected,HesuccessfullydestroyedthesixkingdomsofHan,Zhao,Wei,Chu,Yan,andQi.who/thatwhosewhich/thatwhich/thatAswhom/that/whowhose關(guān)系代詞指代什么做什么成分是否可省略whowhomwhosethatwhichas人主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省人賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省作賓語(yǔ)可省人/物定語(yǔ)人/物主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)不可省物主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省指代整句內(nèi)容補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（正如）不可省RelativePronoun1.______ismentionedabove,QinShiHuangwasagreatking.2.Wealwayspraiseforhissuccess,________madeusbeaffectedbyhim.

Aswhich1.AsIremember,QinShiHuangwasansignificantfigureinthehistory.2.QinDynastyinChinesehistorywasagreatone,asisknowntous.as正如，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，可位于句首，也可句中，which

引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前句的內(nèi)容，在句中as的用法①_______heexpected,hismotherland

wassosimpleafterreturning.②Heisnotthesameboy_____hewasinZhaoState.

③Hecarriedoutaseriesoflaws,_____wasbasedonhisability.④____isoftenthecase,heisreviewedbythehistorians.whichAsAsasasweknowasIexpectedashementionedastheyplannedthesame...asasisknowntousasisexpectedasismentionedaboveasisplannedasisoftenthecaseAchievements1.QinShihuangfoundedtheKingsystemandcalledhimself"thefirstemperor"______carriedoutaseriesofinnovations.2.Healsofoundedthreeofficersandninedepartments______madethecentralgovernmentmorecentralizedandeffective.3.Inaddition,QinShihuangalsodeliveredthebestwritingstyle_____looksbeautifultoday.4.Heunifiedallthemoney,weightsandmeasures_______wereinamessinthepast.5.Hewastheonlyperson________builttheGreatWallandotherprojectsatthattime.6.Hedideverything_______couldstrengthenborderdefenseandinlandtransportation.使用that的情況：①序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)②先行詞被

all,theonly,thevery修飾時(shí)。③everything,nothing,anything,those作先行詞時(shí)④當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)⑤主句已有who或which時(shí)thatthatthatthatthatthat只用that的情況1.Hedeliveredaseriesoflaws,________setupgreatpunishmentsoncriminals.2.Burningbooksandburyingscholarswasanmisadventure,in_________eventmanybookswereburnt,mostof_____werevaluableandscholarssoiled,mostof______wereinnocent(無(wú)辜的).4.HesentXuFu,______washisminister,toseatofindmedicineforlonglife.5.QinShihuang,___________hispeoplehated,eventuallyfailedtoescapethenaturallawofbirth,aging,illnessanddeath.6.QinShihuang,thedeathof_______wasaccidentalduringhisfiftheasterntour,providedasolidbaseforthelaterdynasties.whichwhich只用which/whom/who的情況whichwhomwhowho/whomwhomwhosedeath只用which/whom/who的情況：①非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只用which/who/whom②介詞+which/whom③先行詞those指人時(shí)，只能用who1.HewhosefatherwasahostageinZhaoStatelivedinZhaoStateinhisearlyyearsandexperiencedmanyupsanddowns.2.QinDynastywhosemilitarystrengthwaspowerfulsucceededinunifyingothersixcountries.thefatherofwhomthemilitarystrengthofwhichwhose+n.=then.ofwhich/whomRelativeAdverbQinShihuang

wasborninHandanwherehisfatherwasprisoned.Antecedent(先行詞)Relativewords(引導(dǎo)詞)AttributiveClauses定語(yǔ)從句1.Afterhesucceededhisfather’scareer,hefacedatimewhenallthestatesweredivided.2.WeoftentalkaboutthereasonwhyQinDynastycametoanend.RelativeAdverb關(guān)系副詞:wherewhenwhy關(guān)系副詞先行詞在從句中的成分when時(shí)間時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)where地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)whyreason原因狀語(yǔ)RelativeAdverb1.QinShihuangwasborninHandanwherehisfatherwasprisoned.2.Afterhesucceededhisfather’scareer,hefacedatimewhenallthestatesweredivided.3.Weoftentalkaboutthereasonwhy

QinDynastycametoanend.inwhichinwhichforwhich關(guān)系副詞相當(dāng)于where介詞+whichwhen介詞+whichwhyfor+which1.Istillremembertheday______IfirstreadthebookaboutQinShiHuang.2.Canyoutellmetheplace________QinShiHuangdied.3.Idon'tknowthereason______QinShiHuangwantedtolivelong.4.DoyouknowaboutQinShiHuang_______parentswereeducated?whenwherewhywhose=onwhich=inwhichsituation,position,condition,stage,point=forwhich=theparentsofwhom5.QinShiHuanglivedaroom_______windowwasbrokeninhisearlyage.=thewindowofwhichwhoseImpact定語(yǔ)從句的主謂一致1.QinShiHuang’sinfluencewhichisfar-reachingandlastingisknowntousChinese.2.IlovethestorieswhichareaboutQinShiHuang定語(yǔ)從句的單復(fù)數(shù)與先行詞保持一致3.TheGreatWallandotherprojectswhich_______________(build)arestillChina’sculturalheritageandplacesofinterest.4.However,QinShiHuangcarriedoutthemostseriouslawthat_______(leave)alessonforfuturegenerationssofar.werebuilthasleftSummarySummary&ExerciseQinShiHuang____________wasborninHandanwasthesonofKingZhuangxiangofQinandZhaoJi.He_________fatherwasahostageinZhaoStatelivedinZhaoStateinhisearlyyearsandexperiencedmanyupsanddowns.Later,hereturnedtoQinState___________washismotherland.Hebegantounifythesixkingdoms__________existedatthattime._____isexpected,HesuccessfullydestroyedthesixkingdomsofHan,Zhao,Wei,Chu,Yan,andQi.Heendedthesituationofdividedrulebykings______hewantedtouniteandfoundedthefirstunitedcentralizedstate________namewastheQinDynastyinChinesehistory.

who/thatwhosewhich/thatwhich/thatAswhom/that/whowhoseQinShihuangfoundedtheKingsystemandcalledhimself"thefirstemperor"______carriedoutaseriesofinnovations.Healsofoundedthreeofficersandninedepartments______madethecentralgovernmentmorecentralizedandeffective.Inaddition,QinShihuangalsodeliveredthebestwritingstyle_____looksbeautifultoday.Heunifiedallthemoney,weightsandmeasures_______wereinamessinthepast.Hewastheonlyperson________builttheGreatWallandotherprojectsatthattime.Hedideverything_______couldstrengthenborderdefenseandinlandtransportation.thatthatthatthatthatthatHedeliveredaseriesoflaws,________setupgreatpunishmentsoncriminals.Burningbooksandburyingscholarswasanmisadventure,in_________eventmanybookswereburnt,mostof_____werevaluableandscholarssoiled,mostof______wereinnocent(無(wú)辜的).HesentXuFu,______washisminister,toseatofindmedicineforlonglife.QinShihuang,___________hispeoplehated,eventuallyfailedtoescapethenaturallawofbirth,aging,illnessanddeath.QinShihuang,thedeathof_______wasaccidentalduringhisfiftheasterntour,providedasolidbaseforthelaterdynasties.whichwhichwhichwhomwhowho/whomwhomQinShihuangwasborninHandan_________hisfatherwasprisoned.Afterhesucceededhisfather’s