2025年英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)閱讀理解深度解析試卷：下半學(xué)期專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Directions:Thereare2passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofthe"gigeconomy"hasbeenoneofthemostsignificanttransformationsinthelabormarketoverthepastdecade.Fueledbydigitalplatformsthatconnectserviceproviderswithcustomersdirectly,industriesfromtransportationtofreelancewritinghaveseenasurgeinshort-term,project-basedwork.Proponentsarguethatthismodeloffersunparalleledflexibility,allowingindividualstosettheirownhoursandchooseprojectsthatalignwiththeirinterestsandskills.Formany,itprovidesawaytoescapetheconstraintsoftraditionalemployment,offeringautonomyandthepotentialforhigherearningsbasedonperformanceratherthanseniority.However,thegigeconomyisnotwithoutitscritics.Oneofthemostprominentconcernsisthelackofjobsecurityandbenefits.Unliketraditionalemployees,gigworkerstypicallydonotreceivehealthinsurance,paidsickleave,orretirementplans.Thisprecariousnesscanleaveindividualsvulnerable,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.Furthermore,theisolationinherentinmanygigjobscanleadtofeelingsoflonelinessandlackofcommunity,counteractingthepotentialsocialbenefitsoftraditionalofficeenvironments.Theregulatorylandscapeforgigworkisalsocomplexandoftenfragmented.Governmentsworldwidearegrapplingwithhowtoclassifygigworkers—shouldtheybeconsideredemployeesentitledtolaborprotections,orindependentcontractorsoperatingontheirown?Thisambiguitycreatesuncertaintyforbothworkersandbusinesses.Platformsarguethattreatinggigworkersasemployeeswouldstifleinnovationandflexibility,whileunionsandadvocacygroupspushforstrongerprotections.Asthegigeconomycontinuestoevolve,itisclearthatthislabormodelisheretostay.Thechallengenowliesinfindingabalancethatmaximizesthebenefitsofflexibilityandchoicewhilemitigatingtherisksassociatedwithinstabilityandlackofsecurity.Whetherthroughpolicyadjustments,technologicalinnovations,orshiftsinworkerbehavior,thefutureofgigworkwilllikelybeshapedbyourabilitytoaddresstheseongoingdebates.Questions:1.Whatisthemaincharacteristicofthegigeconomyaccordingtothepassage?2.Accordingtoproponents,whataresomeoftheadvantagesofparticipatinginthegigeconomy?3.Whataresomeofthedisadvantagesofthegigeconomyhighlightedbycritics?4.Whatisthemainchallengementionedforgovernmentsregardinggigwork?5.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisneededforthefutureofthegigeconomy?PassageTwoInrecentyears,theconceptof"mindfulness"hasmovedfromthefringesofspiritualitytothecenterofmainstreamwellnessdiscourse.Rootedinancientmeditationpractices,particularlythosederivedfromBuddhism,mindfulnessinvolvespayingdeliberate,non-judgmentalattentiontothepresentmoment,includingone'sthoughts,feelings,andbodilysensations.Whileoftenpracticedthroughformaltechniqueslikemeditationoryoga,itsprinciplescanbeintegratedintodailyactivitiessuchasmindfuleatingorwalking.Thegrowingpopularityofmindfulnessislargelydrivenbyabodyofscientificresearchdemonstratingitsnumerousbenefits.Studieshaveshownthatregularmindfulnesspracticecanreducestressandanxiety,improvefocusandcognitivefunction,andevenenhanceemotionalregulation.Byencouragingindividualstoobservetheirexperienceswithoutimmediatereactionorjudgment,mindfulnesscanfosteragreatersenseofself-awarenessandhelpbreakthecycleofnegativethoughtpatterns.Thisincreasedawarenesscanleadtomorecompassionateresponsestowardsoneselfandothers.Despiteitsbenefits,incorporatingmindfulnessintobusymodernlivescanbechallenging.Findingthetimeanddisciplinefordedicatedpracticerequireseffort,andsomeindividualsmayfindtheconceptinitiallydifficulttograsporpracticeconsistently.Additionally,theveryactofpayingcloseattentioncansometimesfeelcounterintuitiveinaculturethatoftenvaluesconstantproductivityanddistraction.However,proponentsarguethatthelong-termrewardsfaroutweightheinitialdifficulties,suggestingthatevenbriefmomentsofmindfulnessthroughoutthedaycanbebeneficial.Asmindfulnesscontinuestogaintraction,itsintegrationintovarioussectorsisbecomingmorewidespread.Schoolsareintroducingmindfulnessprogramstohelpstudentsmanagestressandimproveconcentration,whilecorporationsoffermindfulnesstrainingtoenhanceemployeewell-beingandproductivity.Thisexpansionindicatesabroadersocietalrecognitionoftheimportanceofmentalandemotionalhealthinoverallwell-being,andmindfulnessisemergingasakeycomponentinthiseffort.Questions:6.Whatistheprimarydefinitionofmindfulnessasdescribedinthepassage?7.Accordingtothepassage,whatevidencesupportstheeffectivenessofmindfulness?8.Whataresomecommonchallengesmentionedforincorporatingmindfulnessintodailylife?9.Howismindfulnessbeingappliedindifferentareasbeyondpersonalpractice?10.Whatimplicationdoesthewidespreadadoptionofmindfulnesssuggestaboutmodernsociety?第二部分閱讀理解Directions:Inthissection,youwillreadapassagewithtenblanks.EachblankisfollowedbyfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushouldchoosethebestchoiceforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan,(11)______itsimmensecomplexityandabilitytoadapt.Unlikemachinesbuiltwithspecificinstructions,thebrain(12)______avastarrayofexperiencesandinformation,constantlymodifyingitsstructureandfunctioninresponsetonewlearningandenvironmentaldemands.Thisphenomenon,knownasneuroplasticity,(13)______thatthebrainremainsmalleablethroughoutlife,enablingrecoveryfrominjuryandtheacquisitionofnewskills.Developmentsinneurosciencehave(14)______ourunderstandingofhowlearningoccursatacellularlevel.Itisnowrecognizedthatthecreationofnewneuralconnections,orsynapses,isfundamentaltomemoryformationandcognitiveprocessing.Whenweencounternewinformation,theseconnectionsarestrengthenedthroughaprocessinvolvingproteinsynthesisandthegrowthofdendriticspines,thesmallprotrusionsonneuronbranchesthatreceivesignals.Thisintricatemechanismallowsforthestorageandretrievalofvastamountsofdata,(15)______ourabilitytonavigatetheworldandmakeinformeddecisions.However,thebrain'scapacityforplasticityisnotunlimited.Therateandextentofadaptationcanbeinfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingage,overallhealth,andtheconsistencyofthelearningexperience.Whilechildrenandadolescentsoftendemonstrategreaterneuroplasticity,allowingforrapidlearningandskilldevelopment,thiscapacitytendstodeclinewithage,thoughitremainspresentthroughoutthelifespan.Engaginginmentallystimulatingactivities,maintainingahealthylifestyle,andpracticingcertaincognitiveexercisescanhelppreserveandevenenhancebrainfunctionlaterinlife.Theimplicationsofneuroplasticityextendbeyondbasiclearningandmemory.Itoffershopeforthetreatmentofneurologicalandpsychiatricdisorders.Byunderstandinghowthebrainrewiresitself,researchersareexploringtherapiesthataimtopromotepositivestructuralchanges,suchasusingelectricalstimulationorspecificcognitivetrainingprogramstorewiredamagedpathwaysorcounteractsymptomsofconditionslikedepressionoraddiction.Thisevolvingfieldrepresentsasignificantshiftinthemedicalapproachtothebrain,emphasizinginterventionandrepairthroughtheverymechanismsthatenablelearningandadaptation.11.A)demonstratingB)despiteC)contributingD)regarding12.A)processesB)storesC)handlesD)interprets13.A)assertingB)definingC)indicatingD)explaining14.A)deepenedB)broadenedC)simplifiedD)standardized15.A)reinforcingB)limitingC)enhancingD)demonstrating試卷答案第一部分閱讀理解1.A解析思路：文章首段明確指出，“gigeconomy”的核心是由數(shù)字平臺(tái)直接連接服務(wù)提供者和顧客，允許個(gè)人設(shè)定自己的時(shí)間并選擇符合興趣和技能的項(xiàng)目。選項(xiàng)A“flexibility”即靈活性，與文章描述的核心特征一致。2.C解析思路：文章首段后半部分論述了支持者的觀點(diǎn)，明確提到“unparalleledflexibility”（無(wú)與倫比的靈活性），允許“settheirownhours”（設(shè)定自己的時(shí)間），以及“autonomy”（自主權(quán)）和“potentialforhigherearningsbasedonperformanceratherthanseniority”（基于績(jī)效而非資歷的潛在更高收入）。選項(xiàng)C概括了這些優(yōu)勢(shì)。3.B解析思路：文章第二段集中討論了批評(píng)者的觀點(diǎn)，主要指出了“l(fā)ackofjobsecurityandbenefits”（缺乏工作保障和福利），例如沒(méi)有健康保險(xiǎn)、帶薪病假和退休計(jì)劃，這使得個(gè)人在面對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退或個(gè)人危機(jī)時(shí)非常脆弱。選項(xiàng)B“l(fā)ackofjobsecurityandbenefits”是核心內(nèi)容的準(zhǔn)確概括。4.D解析思路：文章第三段明確提到了政府面臨的挑戰(zhàn)：“regulatorylandscapeforgigworkisalsocomplexandoftenfragmented”（零工工作的監(jiān)管環(huán)境復(fù)雜且常常碎片化）。緊接著具體說(shuō)明挑戰(zhàn)在于如何分類(lèi)零工工作者——是應(yīng)享有勞動(dòng)保護(hù)權(quán)的員工，還是獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)者。選項(xiàng)D“howtoclassifygigworkers—shouldtheybeconsideredemployeesentitledtolaborprotections,orindependentcontractorsoperatingontheirown?”（如何分類(lèi)零工工作者——他們是應(yīng)享有勞動(dòng)保護(hù)權(quán)的員工，還是獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)者？）準(zhǔn)確反映了這一挑戰(zhàn)。5.A解析思路：文章最后一段明確指出，“thechallengenowliesinfindingabalancethatmaximizesthebenefitsofflexibilityandchoicewhilemitigatingtherisksassociatedwithinstabilityandlackofsecurity”（當(dāng)前的挑戰(zhàn)在于找到一個(gè)平衡點(diǎn)，既能最大化靈活性和選擇的利益，又能減輕與不穩(wěn)定和缺乏安全相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）。選項(xiàng)A“findingabalancebetweenflexibilityandstability/security”準(zhǔn)確概括了作者提出的解決方案方向。6.B解析思路：文章第一段對(duì)mindfulness的定義是“payingdeliberate,non-judgmentalattentiontothepresentmoment,includingone'sthoughts,feelings,andbodilysensations”（有意識(shí)地、不帶評(píng)判地關(guān)注當(dāng)下時(shí)刻，包括自己的思想、感受和身體感覺(jué)）。選項(xiàng)B“payingdeliberate,non-judgmentalattentiontothepresentmoment”（有意識(shí)地、不帶評(píng)判地關(guān)注當(dāng)下時(shí)刻）是此定義的核心。7.C解析思路：文章第二段明確提到，“abodyofscientificresearchdemonstratingitsnumerousbenefits”（一系列科學(xué)研究的證據(jù)，證明了其眾多益處）。隨后列舉了“reducestressandanxiety,improvefocusandcognitivefunction,andevenenhanceemotionalregulation”（減少壓力和焦慮，提高注意力和認(rèn)知功能，甚至增強(qiáng)情緒調(diào)節(jié)）。選項(xiàng)C“scientificresearchdemonstratingnumerousbenefits”（一系列科學(xué)研究的證據(jù)，證明了其眾多益處）概括了證據(jù)類(lèi)型及其內(nèi)容。8.A解析思路：文章第三段提到了兩個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)：“Findingthetimeanddisciplinefordedicatedpracticerequireseffort”（找到時(shí)間和毅力進(jìn)行專門(mén)的練習(xí)需要付出努力）和“someindividualsmayfindtheconceptinitiallydifficulttograsporpracticeconsistently”（有些人可能一開(kāi)始就難以理解這個(gè)概念或持續(xù)練習(xí)）。選項(xiàng)A“Findingthetimeanddiscipline,orinitialdifficultyinpractice”（找到時(shí)間和毅力，或練習(xí)上的初始困難）涵蓋了這些挑戰(zhàn)。9.D解析思路：文章第四段明確描述了mindfulness在不同領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用：“Schoolsareintroducingmindfulnessprogramstohelpstudentsmanagestressandimproveconcentration”（學(xué)校正在引入正念項(xiàng)目，幫助學(xué)生管理壓力和提高注意力），“corporationsoffermindfulnesstrainingtoenhanceemployeewell-beingandproductivity”（公司提供正念培訓(xùn)，以提高員工福祉和生產(chǎn)力）。選項(xiàng)D“beingappliedindifferentareassuchasschoolsandcorporations”（應(yīng)用于學(xué)校、公司等不同領(lǐng)域）準(zhǔn)確概括了這一點(diǎn)。10.B解析思路：文章第四段結(jié)尾指出，“Thisexpandingindicatesabroadersocietalrecognitionoftheimportanceofmentalandemotionalhealthinoverallwell-being”（這種擴(kuò)張表明社會(huì)更廣泛地認(rèn)識(shí)到心理和情感健康對(duì)整體福祉的重要性）。文章開(kāi)頭也提到mindfulness從邊緣走向主流。選項(xiàng)B“abroadersocietalrecognitionoftheimportanceofmentalandemotionalhealth”（對(duì)心理和情感健康重要性的更廣泛的社會(huì)認(rèn)識(shí)）反映了這一含義。11.A解析思路：空格前是“Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan”，空格后是“itsimmensecomplexityandability