Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth.SectionA4a-4c1.語言能力：在語境中理解、識記并運用本課時詞匯：takepartin,afford,turnoff,reusable,payfor,takeaction,transportation等；

2.文化意識：提高環(huán)境污染和環(huán)境保護的意識，保護環(huán)境，從小做起，從我做起；3.思維品質(zhì)：歸納總結(jié)初中階段學過的重點時態(tài)，語態(tài)和句型，提高思維的邏輯性；4.學習能力：能正確區(qū)分和使用以下語法結(jié)構(gòu)：現(xiàn)在進行時、usedto、被動語態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成時、情態(tài)動詞。Objectives1ReviewPART01Review聽說一碗切掉不僅......而且.......對....有害不再在....頂端給...帶來危險事實上...的數(shù)量hearof=hearaboutabowlofcutoffnotonly...butalso...beharmfultonolonger

bringdangertoinfactthenumberof+n.復數(shù)(謂語單數(shù))atthetopofReview在過去的20到30年環(huán)境保護比如完善法律.....的銷售到目前為止7.下降了8.下降到inthelast20to30yearsenvironmentalprotectionsuchas+n./pron./v-ingdeveloplaws

sofarfallbyfalltothesaleof復習閱讀課所學重點短語和語法，鞏固所學知識。2GrammarfocusPART02GrammarfocusWe’retryingtosavetheearth.PresentprogressiveTheriverusedtobesoclean.usedtoTheairisbadlypolluted.PassivevoiceNoscientificstudieshaveshownthatsharkfinsaregoodforhealth.PresentperfectWeshouldhelpsavethesharks.ModalverbsPresentprogressive現(xiàn)在進行時的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法定義：表示說話時(瞬間)正在進行的動作,也表示目前或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，或說話者的強烈情感。Theyareplayingbasketballnow.Tomisworking

onanewbook.Whyareyoualways

cominglateforclass?(正在進行)(目前正在進行)(說話者的強烈情感)構(gòu)成：be(am\is\are)＋v-ing(動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞)Presentprogressive現(xiàn)在進行時的結(jié)構(gòu)和用法標志：now,rightnow,look,listen,atthemoment/time,thesedays,atpresent(當前)Look!Theboyiscrying.Heiswatchingamovienow.IamstudyingEnglishatpresent.Presentprogressive特殊用法一些表示位置移動的動詞，如

go,come,leave,arrive等，常用現(xiàn)在進行時結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來，表示動作即將發(fā)生。eg:Jack

is

leaving

for

Shanghai

tomorrow.明天杰克將前往上海。eg:Thebusiscomingsoon.

公車馬上就要到了。總結(jié)歸納現(xiàn)在進行時的定義，結(jié)構(gòu)，時間狀語標志以及特殊用法。usedtoTheriverusedtobesoclean.Didtheriverusetobesoclean?Theriverdidn’tusetobesoclean.Yes,itdid./No,itdidn’t.usedtodosth.didn’tusetodosth.Did...usetodosth.?Yes,...did.No,...didn’t.usedto相似句型意為“被用來做某事”，后接動詞原形。be/getusedtousedtobeusedtodo意為“過去常常做某事”(而現(xiàn)在不做了)。后接動詞原形。意為“習慣于(做)某事”。后接名詞，代詞，動詞-ing形式。Practice1.Youused_________(go)toschoolbybike，didn'tyou?2.我習慣于晚飯后打籃球。I_________________basketballafterdinner.3.這種小刀是用來切東西的。Thiskindofknife________________things.4.Heusedtospendmuchtimeplayingcomputergames.（改一般疑問句）____________________muchtimeplayingcomputergames?togoamusedtoplayingisusedtocutDidheusetospend總結(jié)歸納usedto的各種句式和相似句型和辨析。Passivevoice定義：被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。Icleanedmyroom.→Myroomwascleanedbyme.Isawhimcrosstheroad.→Hewasseentocrosstheroad.構(gòu)成：be+過去分詞在含有使役動詞(如：make)或感官動詞(see、watch、hear等)的主動語態(tài)的句子中，這些詞后常跟省略to的動詞不定式，但是改為被動語態(tài)時則要把省去的to還原。一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are+過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/were+過去分詞一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：willbe/isgoingtobe+過去分詞123現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/hasbeen十過去分詞4Passivevoice含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞5Practice1.TheSecondarySchoolEntranceExam_______(hold)inJune.2.Astrangenoise__________(hear)byhismotherlastnight.3.Awideroad_____________(build)betweenthetwovillagesbythosepeoplenextyear.4.Actionsshould______________(take)toprotecttheearth.5.Thecookiehas______________(sellout)sofar.isheldwasheardwillbebuiltbetakenbeensoldout總結(jié)歸納被動語態(tài)的定義，結(jié)構(gòu)和初中階段需要掌握的多種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)。Presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時定義結(jié)構(gòu)標志①表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；②動作從過去某個時間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。have/has+動詞的過去分詞already,yet,sofar,before,ever,never，just,inthepast/last5years,for,sincePractice1.I_______________myhomeworkyet.

我還沒有完成作業(yè)。2.I________already_________readingthebook.

我已經(jīng)讀完這本書了。3.Linda___________(live)heresinceshewasfiveyearsold.

琳達自從五歲起就住在這里。4.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges______________(takeplace)inthiscity.

這座城市在過去的幾年里發(fā)生了巨大的變化。haven’tfinishedhavefinishedhaslivedhavetakenplacePresentperfecttense在現(xiàn)在完成時中，come,go,arrive,leave,buy

等非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語(for;since)連用。若與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用，非延續(xù)性動詞要轉(zhuǎn)換成相應的延續(xù)性動詞或短語。常見的詞如下:buy

→have

borrow→keep

join→be

a

member

of finish→be

overdie→be

dead

leave→be

away

begin→be

on

fall

asleep

→be

asleepopen→be

openmarry-bemarriedPractice1.Hisfatherdied10yearsago.(改成現(xiàn)在完成時)Hisfather_________________for10years.2.Themoviebegan10minutesago.(改成現(xiàn)在完成時)Themovie_______________since10minutesago.

3.Theymarried3yearsago.(改成現(xiàn)在完成時)They__________________since3yearsago.hasbeendeadhavebeenmarriedhasbeenon總結(jié)歸納現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的定義，結(jié)構(gòu)，時間標志詞和特殊情況。modalverbs表示說話人對所述動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度或看法。情態(tài)動詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨使用，其后接動詞原形，構(gòu)成謂語。否定形式的構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動詞后面加not。常見的情態(tài)動詞有can(could),may(might),must,haveto,need,should,will(would)等。modalverbs：can/could情態(tài)動詞意義及用法意為“能；會”，表示能力，此時could

為can的過去式。意為“可以”，表示請求、許可，此時could不是can的過去式，而是表示更委婉、客氣的語氣。意為“可能”，can表示推測，常用于否定句或疑問句中。can’t表示不可能。can/couldeg:Shecouldplaytheguitarattheageoffour.Nowshecanplayverywell.eg:Couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish？Sure,Ican.eg:Canthenewsbetrue?No,itcan’tbetrue.modalverbs：may/might/must/havetomay/might

意為“可以”，用于肯定句中表示許可；用于疑問句中表示請求。might比may更委婉。意為“可能；也許”，表示推測，常用于肯定句中。eg:May/MightIsmokehere?eg:Hemay/mightbeintheclassroom,becauseIsawhimtherejustnow.must和haveto意為“必須”，表示義務或責任。must表示強調(diào)主觀看法。haveto“不得不，必須”，強調(diào)客觀情況。must意為“一定；肯定”，表示推測，只能用于肯定句中。eg:Imuststudyhard.eg:Ihavetolookaftermysisterathome,becausemymomisbusy.eg:ThisbookmustbelongtoLinda.eg:Youmay/mightcomeearlier.modalverbs：should/need/wouldshould意為“應該”，表示勸告、建議、命令等。eg:YoushouldreadthetextbookaloudtopracticeyourspokenEnglish.need意為“需要；必要”，多用于否定句或疑問句中。以must開頭的一般疑問句的否定回答常用needn’t或doesn’t/don

’thave

to。eg:MustIhandinthehomeworkrightnow?No,youdon’thaveto/needn’t.would意為“愿意；將要”，表示意愿、請求等。eg:HesaidthathewouldgotoShanghaiforbusiness.總結(jié)歸納情態(tài)動詞的基本性質(zhì)和常見情態(tài)動詞的用法并進行辨析。3ExercisesPART034aFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.Joe:______youever________(take)partinanenvironmentalproject?Ken:

Yes,Ihave.I_______(help)withaClean-UpDaylastyear.Itwas__________(consider)thebiggestclean-upprojectthiscity______ever________(have).Joe:Howmanypeople________(take)part?Havetakenhelpedconsideredhadhadtooktakepartin+活動(大型群體型活動)參加Ken:I___________(think)morethan1,000people

______(come)tohelpout.Joe:That’sfantastic!Iguesseveryoneinthiscityis______(try)toimprovetheenvironment.Ken:Yes,wecan’taffordto________(wait)anylongertotakeaction!thinkcametryingwait采取行動afford1.Yes,wecan’taffordtowaitanylongertotakeaction!

afford/??f??(r)d/v.承擔得起（后果）；買得起afford作動詞，常用在can、could、beableto等之后。affordsth.“買得起某物”；affordtodo

sth.“負擔得起做某事”。Ican’taffordthenewTV.IhopeIcanaffordtobuyabighouseoneday.4bFillintheblankswiththeappropriatemodalverbsfromthebox.People_________thinkthatbigthings__________________bedonetosavetheearth.Manyforgetthatsavingtheearthbeginswithsmallthings.Forexample,you______________saveelectricitybyturningoffthelightswhenyouleavearoom.You_______________alsousereusablebagsinste