英語(yǔ)試卷

(完卷時(shí)間：105分鐘滿分：115分)

2025年12月

第I卷(共75分)

I.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;for

theotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Delhidividedoverfeedinghomelessdogs

MeghaMalhotrahasbeenfeedinghomelessdogsforalmosttwoycars.Everyevening,sheplacesfoodata

feedingspotnearherbuilding'sexitgate.Butinrecentweeks.sheI(sense)growinguneaseamongresidents

everytimesheputsoutthefood.Somehaveevenchallengedher,insistingshestop.2(feed)theanimals.Ms

Malhotrasayssheusuallypreferstostaycalminsuchsituations,buttherehavebeeninstances3she's

hadtobefirmer.

InAugust.theSupremecourtmodifieditsearlierorderrequiringallhomelessdogsinDelhi4(send)into

shelters.ltinsteadruledthatdogsmustbereturnedtotheirneighbourhood-butwithawaningthatviolentdogsshould

gotoshelters.

Yetsomeresidentsinterpretedthis5ablanketpreventionnnfeedingdogs."Thereisfearinihemindsof

peoplethatthedogswouldattackthem.Theydon'trealizethattheseanimalsjustneedloveandcare,"MsMalhotrasays.

HomelessdogsareafamiliarpresenceacrossIndiancities,particularlyinDelhi.which6

(estimate)tohaveclosetoonemillion—thoughtherehasbeennoofficialcountcarriedoutinthelastdecade.These

dogsareseensostronglyaspartofthecommunity7theysharedailylifewithpeopleanddependonthemfor

food.

However,arisingnumberofpeopleinDelhisaytheyfeardogbitesandgroupsofhomelessdogscanoftenbe

seenchasingchildrenandtheelderly.Governmentdatashowsthattherewere3.7million8(reportXBasesofdog

bitesacrossthecountryin2024.

"But9isclearisthatfeedersaren'ttheproblem—they'repartofthesolution,"saysactivistAmbika

Shukla."Theyaretheoneskeepingdogsgentleandtheirpresencemakesit10(easy)topickthemupand

loadthemintovans(貨運(yùn)車)

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.cornbiningB.dcfcnselessC.divcrsificdD.efficicncyE.mixedF.originsG.possibilities

H.previouslyI.promisingJ.reasonablyK.transformed

What'saPotato?ANine-Million-Year-OldTomato.

Asafoodstuff,thepotatocanbebaked,boiled,friedandmore.Asacrop,itisamongtheworld'smost

impor(ant,withmorethan350milliontonsproducedannually.Its11—itrequireslesslandthanrice——andits

abilitytogrowinavarietyofenvironmentshasmadeitessentialtoglobalfoodsecurity.Forallthat,theplant's

12haveremainedunclear.

AccordingtoastudypublishedonJuly24,2025,potatoesmayhave

arisenninemillionyearsagothroughthe13ofgenetic(基因的)malerial

fromEtuberosum,agroupofpotato-likeplantsfromSouthAmerica,andwild

tomatoplants.Accordingtothestudydhishybridizationeventledtothebirthof

thepotatoplant'suniquefeaturc.thctuber,anundergroundstructurewhich,as

humanseventuallydiscovered,iseatable.

Butwhydopotatoeslooklikeoneplantbutsharerelationshipwithanother?Theresearchersfoundthatthe

modempotatohada(n).14ancestry,whicharosefromahybridtomatoandEtuberosumfamilieseight

milliontoninemillionyearsagoandledtothestartoftubers.Thishybridizationmayhave15potatospecies

andenabledthemtoexpandtheirrangeacrosscoldregions.

Itwasaverywell-donestudy,indicatingthatthegenesresponsiblefortuberformalimwerea

combinationofthegeneticmaterialfromeachevolutionaryparent.PingxianZhangfromtheChineseAcademy

torAgriculturalSciencesexpressedexcitementatthe16forfuturestudies.Onlyahandfulofpotatospeciesare

plantcd,andimprovingonthemhasposedchallenges:Asacrop,theyaretypicallyspreadthroughcioning,whichlimits

theirgeneticvarietyandmakesthemmore17todiseases.Engineeringpotatoeswithgeneticmaterialfrom

tomatoescouldbea(n)18wayforward,Dr.Zhangsaid.

Inthelastfewyears,researchershavebeenabletoanalyzegenomesatamuchlargerscalethanbeforeandinfer_

19mysteriousevolutionaryconnections.Thesestudieshave20ourunderstandingofwhatmighthave

occurredinthepast.

II.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagestherearcfourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineach

blankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Mostofussometimesfailtopracticewhatwcspcak.That'sasoliddefinitionofhypocrisy.Whilewe're21to

spotthismoralinconsistencyinothers,wehaveahardtimerecognizingitinourselves.Andstudiesshowthat

thepeoplewemostliketolabelashypocritesarcourenemies—surprise!—andotherswhowethinkaren'tlikeus.

We'remotivatedtoseeotherpeopleashypocriticalbecauseithelpsuswinarguments,butwetendto22

ourowninconsistency.We'reoftenannoyedbyotherpeople'shypocrisybecauseitseems.23Wethinkthatthey

are24implyingtoothersthattheyarebetterthantheyactuallyare.

Nobodylikesbeingahypocrite.Yet,25it'simpossibletoalwaysactconsistcntly.bccausedifferent

situationsmayrequiredifferentresponses.Takeparenting,forexample.Youmayreasonablylectureyourteenageron

thedangersofdrinkingloomuch,yetyoudidexactlythatonoccasionwhenyouwereincollege.Acollegestudentwho

doesn'teatmeatbecauseshelovesanimalsadmittedthatshesometimeswore"cute"26shoes.

Sincewe'reabletosoeasilyspoihypocrisyinothers,howcanwebecomebetteratspottingand27itin

ourschcs?

Tostartwith,wecan28thatitisnormaltobeinconsistentsometimes.Andrememberthat

hypocrisyisjustone29forthebehavior.DanielEffron,aprofessorwhohasstudiedhypocrisy,

30labelingotherpeopleashypocrites."Itcanslopyoufrom31thesubstanceoftheir

argument,"hesays.

Italsotakessome32toidentifyourownhypocrisy.Askyourself:4iAmIbehavinginawaythatis

consistentwiththeviewsIam33?°Ifyoudodecidethatyourebeinghypocritical,admitit.Researchshows

thatwhenpeopleare34theirownhypocrisy,olherstendtoforgivethemfornotbeingconsistent.

Andhere'ssomegoodnews:Pecplewhonoticetheirownhypocriticalbehavioroftenaremotivatedtochange

becausethe35ofadvocatingR)rsomethingbutnotactuallydoingilmakespeoplevery

uncomfortable.Ratherthanfeelingashamedaboutourhypocrisy,wcshouldwelcometheopportunitytoleantodobetter

nexttime.

21.A.foolishB.goodC.quick0.unwilling

22.A.demonstrateB.hideC.improveD.justify

23.A.disordcrlyB.illogicalC.impoliteD.unfair

24.A.autoniaticallyB.falselyC.generallyD.strongly

25.A.aftcrallB.asaresultC.inrealityD.what'smore

26.A.gymB.leatherC.rubberD.track

27.A.anaIyzingB.ignoringC.illustrating0.preventing

28.A.acceptB.checkC.considerD.prove

29.A.basisB.exampleC.explanation0.misunderstanding

3O.A.actsonB.givesupC.turnstoD.warnsagainst

3I.A.contributingtoB.engaginginC.questioningabout□.summarizinginto

32.A.self-confidenceB.self-disciplineC.self-reflectionD.self-respect

33.A.adoptingB.challengingC.clarifying□.discussing

34.A.alarmcdatB.blindtoC.honestaboutD.tiredof

35.A.avoidanceB.disagreementC.ignoranceD.resolution

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choose(heonethatfitsbest

accordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.

(A)

JudgeCaprio,whoretiredfromProvidenceMunicipalCourtin2023afteralmost40years,saidhis

courtroomwaswherepeopleandcasesweremetwithkindnessandsympathy.

Itwashisshow,"CaughtinProvidence,"firstseenonTVinProvidencein1988,thatmadehimfamouslaterinhis

life.Theshowbroadcastrealproceedingsforsmalldrivingmistakes,housingandzoningissues,andminorillegalacts

insideacitycourtroom.

Theshowbeganattractingnationalattentioninabout2017,whenvideoclipswerepostedonline.ltfeatured

freshepisodesdirectlyfromJudgeCaprio'scourtroom,makinghimafamous80-year-oldstar.Bytheendofthe

2010s,about200stationsacrossthocountrycarriedtheprogram.

Inonepopularclip,JudgeCapriotossedoulaspeedingchargeagainsta96-ycar-oldmanafterlearningthathe

hadbeendrivinghissontocancertreatment."YoureallyarewhatAmericaisallabout,"JudgeCapriotoldthe

man.°Hereyouareinyour90s,andyou'restilltakingcareofyourfamily.That'sjustawonderfulthing."

JudgeCaprio'scourthouseisinFederalHill,aneighborhoodthatinthe1920sbecameoneofthemostheavily

populatedItalianAmericancommunitiesinthecountry.Hewasbornin1936andhisfatherworkedasafruitpack-man

andmilkman.

HetoldaProvidenceCollegepublicationthatherecalledgatheringclosewithhisfamilyinwintcrs4twiththeoven

dooropensowecouldgetheat/'Ononeofthosenights,hisfathertoldhimthathewouldbecomealawyer

someday."Lookaround.ifIneededalawyer.Icouldnotaffordone,"hisfathertoldhim."Rememberthat.Youcannever

forgetwhereyoucamefrom?'

AsachildjudgcCaprioshinedshocs.dclivercdnewspapersandworkedonamilktruck.Helatersaidtiiatthis

upbringinggavehimthesympatheticperspectivehebroughttohiscourtroom.

"Hewasmorethananexpertinlaw—hewasasymbolofunderstandingasajudge,showinguswhatispossible

whenjusticeistemperedwithhumanity."Gov.DanMcKeeofRhodeIslandsaidinastatementafterJudgeCaprio's

deathinAugust,2025.

36."CaughtinProvidence"ischaracterizedby

AbettingupapositiveimageforlawyersB.solvingviolentcrimetrials

C^howingrealcourtroomcasesD.filmingcasesacrossmultiplestates

37.Theunderlinedphraset4tossout"(naragranh4)isclosestinmeaningto*

A.beatB.fightC.rcduceD.withdraw

38.WhatcanbeconcludedfromJudgeCaprio'schildhoodexperience?

A.Hedevelopedasenseofcareforothers.

B.Fearofsystemfaultskepthimfromcases.

C.Hechosetobealawyeraftertryingdifferentjobs.

D.Itwashardforhimtomakealivingincoldweather.

39.JudgeCapriobelievedthat.?

A.justicecouldbebothfirmandcaring

B.thelawshouldtreattheelderlywithmercy

Cntroubledchildhoodcoulddriveonetopursue

D.triallive-streamingwasagreatwaytogainfame

(B)

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（C）

Ilovethewaycloudsfloatabovemyhead.Theseever-shiftingsculpturesofvapor（蒸氣）andlightareamong

naturesleastappreciatedmarvels.

Howexactlycloudcoverwillshiftinawarmingworldisanyone'sguess.Cloudsdon'tjustlookdifferentfromone

another:theyalsohaveverydifferenteffectsontemperaturesatthesurfaceofthelandorwaterbelow.These

differenceshavetodowithhowmuchofthesunsheattheyallowthroughandhowmuchofEarth'sheattheytrapin.

Lowcloudstypicallyhaveacoolingeffect.Muchofthesun'sraysarereflectedofftheirwhitetopsbackupinto

space.Andtheyareheavyenoughtocastshadows,coolingthesurfacebelow.Sincetheirwaterdropsare

warmerjhey'reasgoodatgivingoffEarth'sheatupintospaceastheyareatabsorbingitfrombelow.

Highcloudsdotheopposite,warmingEarth'ssurface.Contrarytccommonbeliefjhisisbecausetheicecrystals（

冰晶）inthesecloudsarecold.Highcloudsareoftennotasheavy,sotheycanletinmoreofthesun'srays.Butsince

theyarecold,theydon'tsendoutasmuchofEarthsheatintospace-morelikeblanketsthanumbrellas,resultingina

warmingeffect.

Themixofcloudtypesoverourplanetensurestheyhaveanoverallcoolingeffectbecausetheshadefromthe

lowcloudsoutweighsthewanningeffectofthehighones.Yetastemperaturesrise,lowcloudsmaydecline

whilehighcloudspersist,creatingaclimatefeedbackloop—aself-enhancingcyclesimilartoaclassic

feedbackmechanism.InarecentpaperinthejournalScience,reducedlowcloudcovercontribuledabout0.2℃

to2O23'srecord-breakingaverageglobaltemperatures.Inotherwords,thereductioninEarth'slowcloudshelped

explainsomeoftheextremeheatthatyear.

Climatefeedbackloopsbroughtonbycloudshavebeenidentifiedasoneofthelargestunknownsinprojections

ofwarming.Aswelearnmoreaboutthepotentialtippingpointsofourclimate—irreversiblechangesinthe

system—wemayfindourselvesapproachingonetooquicklyfordecarbonizationeffortsalonetopreventit.Some

understandingofthelikelyeffectsofgeoengineeringprojectssuchascloudbrighteningwillthenbeinvaluable,no

matterhowmisguidedsuchinterventionsmightseem.

[fcloudsarcchanging,thcnsoshouldthewaywcstudythem.Itrequiresallofustolookupandtakenotice.

43.Accordingtothepassage,whichof（hefollowingstatementscorrectlydescribesclouds?

A.Lowcloudsarenotasheavyashighclouds.

R.Thickwhitecloudswarmthegroundhytrappingheat.

C.Warmwaterdropsofhighcloudsreleaseandabsorbheatequally.

D.CIoudsdifferinhowtheyletinthesun'sheatandtrapEarth'sheat.

44.Accordingtothepassage,aclimatefeedbackloopisacyclethat

A.speedsuptheverywarmingthatactivatedit

B.enhancescoolingbypromotinglowcloudformation

C.reduceshighcloudcovertoboostsunlightrellection

D.balanceswarmingandcoolingeffectsatthesametime

45.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageaboutthewriter'sopinion?

A.Decarbonizationmayinfluencehowcloudsform.

B.Cloudsmayofferawaytoaddressglobalwarming.

C.Cloud-hascdgcocnginccringprojectsmaybeworthless.

D.Studyingcloudscantelluswhenthetippingpointarrives.

46.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Actionableclimatesolutions.B.Changesinhowlowandhighcloudsmove.

C.Linksbetweencloudsandglobalwarming.D.Approachestoappreciatingcloudbeauty.

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Each

sentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearctwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Hotelsacrosstheworldareadoptingdelicatedesignchoicestomeetthisgoal.

B.Travelsettingsactivateavacationmindsetwhereimmoderationfeelsjustright.

C.Buffetsoftenleadioovereatingdueiothe"varieiyefteci"-inorechoiceencouragesgreaterconsumpiion.

D.Buffetbreakfastsarcamongtheworstwrongdoers,generatingmorethantwiceasmuchwasteasplatedbreakfasts.

E.Shareyoureffortsthroughwebsileandsocialmediaupdates,andusebuffetsignslomakeguestsfeelpartofthe

solution.

F.Whilemanytravellersarcleaningtowardsmoreintcntional.low-wastcdining,hotclsstillfacethecomplextaskof

meetingdiverseguestexpectations.

It*stimetoretiretheall-you-can-eatbreakfastbuffet

AccordingtoUNEP'sFoodWasteIndexReport2024,1.05billiontonsoffoodwerewastedgloballyin

2024,with28%comingfromfoodservice.47

44Wastedfoodmeanswastedresourceslikeland,water,energyandlabour,andonceinlandfill（垃圾填埋坑）,i1

releasesgreenhousegasesthatharmtheplanetandbiodiversity,"saysJocelynDoyle,headofmarketing

&communicalions,TheSustainableHotelAssociation."Cuttingfoodwasteisapowerfulwaytomakea

differcnce-andbreakfastisasmartplacetostart.”

48ScandicHotelsinNorthernEuropearedownsizingtheircakes,pastriesardmuffins,with

theoptiontoconicbackformorc;whilcHiltonFrankfurtservespre-portioneditemslikeyogurtandfruitcups.Novotel

BangkokSukhumvitpostspoliteremindersnearbuffetstations:"Takeonlywhatyoucaneat."

Thisshiftworkswellforthemodemtravellerforwhomsustainabilityisnolongerasidenote.

49Strikingtherightbalancebetweensustainabilityandserviceisnosmallact,especiallyat

breakfast.Manyhotelsnowtrackhowmuchfoodisthrownawaytodeterminethebuffet'sbaselineneeds.

Doylealsosuggeststhathotelsreconsiderunder-consumeditemsJnstallcook-to-orderstations,reducethe

selectionofitemsonoffer,reducevolumestowardstheendofshiftandactivelyguideguestbehaviour."Involveand

educateyourstaffsotheyunderstandthechangesandcanconfidentlyengageguests,Mhesays."50”

ILSummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan

60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Fawning

Doyoneverfeel,withoutanypmnfjhateveryonehatesyon?lfyouranswerisyes,youarenotalone.ltcanoccur

afteraneighbordoesn'tsayhcllo.lt'shearingthatthebosswantstochatwithyouandimmediatelyassumingyou're

goingLobefired.

Thestrategyusedtokeepthepainfulfeelingawayisfawning,anextremeformofpeoplepleasing.While

fawningcanhelpprotectyousometimes,youmaygettrapped:yoururgetoscanforthreatsandreadethers'feelings

goesintooverdrive,makingyouseedangerevenwhenyou'resafe.

Then,howtostoptheurgelofawn?

Firstly,youcanchallengeyourinsightthatsomeoneismadatyoubyaskingsomequestions.Forexample,when

afrienddoesn'ttextyouback,yousometimesthink,"Ohmygosh,isitsomethingIsaid?*!henyouremind

yourselfofthemanytimesthatyou'vereceivedatextthatlatersaid,“Sorry」wasinameeting."So,it'shelpfulto

pauseandremindyourself(hatyouranxiousmindhasliedtoyouin(hepast.

Also,checkfawningbehaviorbystartingsmall.Forexample,ifyourfriendsays,"Tinnotmadatyou,"after

youapologizeforcancelingplans,takeherwordforitinsteadofreplayingtheconversationinyourhead.Get

comfortablewiththediscomfortoftakingwhatpeoplesayatfacevaluewithoutsecond-guessingwhatelsetheycould

secretlybefeeling.

Lastly,makehonestcommun