專題06自然科學(xué)研究成果

I|主I題I簡(jiǎn)I介|

；2025年高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)新增"自然科學(xué)研究成果”主題，標(biāo)志著英語教育的一次深刻變革與前瞻性

；布局。此舉打破了傳統(tǒng)文科與理科的壁壘，將語言學(xué)習(xí)與全球科技前沿動(dòng)態(tài)緊密結(jié)合，是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生核心素

I養(yǎng)、響應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展需求的關(guān)鍵舉措。這不僅是對(duì)知識(shí)邊界的拓展，更是對(duì)育人目標(biāo)的重新定位，旨在培養(yǎng)

:兼具語言能力與科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的復(fù)合型人才。對(duì)高中生而言，這一主題意味著學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容的極大豐富與現(xiàn)代化。

學(xué)生將接觸到關(guān)于人工智能、基因編輯、太空探索、新能源等領(lǐng)域的真實(shí)語料，在提升英語語言能力的同

時(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)精準(zhǔn)、客觀的學(xué)術(shù)表達(dá)c更重要的是，它能有效激發(fā)學(xué)生的科學(xué)興趣，培養(yǎng)其信息篩選、邏輯推

理和批判性思維能力，塑造嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實(shí)的科學(xué)精神。它要求學(xué)生不僅要理解文本的字面意思，更要洞悉其背

后的科學(xué)邏輯與研究方法。從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，該主題為學(xué)生未來參與國(guó)際學(xué)術(shù)交流、閱讀前沿科技文獻(xiàn)奠定了堅(jiān)

;實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，有助于培養(yǎng)具備全球視野和國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的創(chuàng)新人才，服務(wù)于國(guó)家創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。當(dāng)然，這也

;對(duì)教師的跨學(xué)科素養(yǎng)和教材的時(shí)效性、科學(xué)性提出了更高要求。教師需要從單純的語言傳授考轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐龑?dǎo)

;學(xué)生探索科學(xué)奧秘的促進(jìn)者，這是教育系統(tǒng)需要共同應(yīng)對(duì)的挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇。

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原I創(chuàng)I專I練

Passage1

Formillionsofpeoplewithdiabetes,dailyinsulininjectionsareapainfulandchallengingreality.The

repeatedneedforsyringes（注射器）cancauseskinproblemsandleadsomepatientstoskipdoses,resultingin

poorhealth.Foryears,scientistshavesoughtabetterwaytodelivermedicine,buttheskin'snaturalbarriermakes

thisextremelydifficult,especiallyforlargedrugmoleculeslikeinsu'in.

Now.abreakthroughhasbeenachievedbyaresearchteamfromZhejiangUniversity.Theydiscovereda

specialmaterial,apolymer（聚合物）namedOP,whichcanpassthroughtheskinbarriereffectively.Thisfinding

wassurprisingbecausei（waspreviouslybelievedthatlargemoleculescouldnotpenetratetheskininthisway.

TheteamthenexploredhowOPcouldbeusedtodelivermedicine.

Theresearchersdevelopedaclevermethod.TheycombinedOPwithinsulin（胰島素）,creatinganew

substancecalledOP-I.Inthisprocess,OPactslikea"courier,"carryingtheinsulin"package"safelythroughthe

layersoftheskinandintothebloodsystem.Testsonanimalswithdiabetesshowedthatthismethodsuccessfully

loweredbloodsugarlevels.Importantly,(hetechnologywasfound(obesafe;itdidnotdamagetheskinorcause

anysideeffects.

Thesignificanceofthisdiscoveryextendsfarbeyondinsulin.Theresearchteamstatedthatthisdelivery

platformcouldbeusedformanyotherimportantmedicinesthatcurrentlyrequireinjections.Thisincludesdrugs

forotherconditions.Thetechnologyisnowbeingpreparedforwideruse,offeringhopeforafuturewherepeople

withchronicdiseasescanmanagetheirhealthwithout(hefearandinconvenienceofneedles.Thisnewapproach

hasthepoteniial(ogreatlyimprovethequalityoflifeforpatientsworldwide.

1.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocomparedifferenttreatmentsfordiabetes.

B.Tointroduceabreakthroughindrugdelivery.

C.Toexplainthedangersoftraditionalinjections.

D.Toadvertiseanewmedicineforchronicdiseases.

2.HowdoesthenewmaterialOPhelpdeliverinsulin?

A.Bybreaking(heskin'sprotectiveouterlayer.

B.Bychanginginsulinintoasmallermolecule.

C.Byactingasacarriertopassthroughtheskin.

D.Byincreasingbloodflowtoabsorbthedrug.

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewdeliverytechnology?

A.Itiscurrentlyavailableformostdiabetespatients.

B.Itcouldmakesomeotherinjectionsunnecessary.

C.Ilismoreexpensivethantraditionalmethods.

D.Itworksonlyonsmall-moleculecirugs.

4.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthediscoveryofOP'sfunction?

A.Ilwasanuncxpculcdfindingfromanulhcistudy.

B.Itwastheprimarygoaloftheresearchteam.

C.Itwasbasedonwell-knownscientificprinciples.

D.Ilwasconsideredimpossiblebymostscientists.

Passage2

WhenChina'sChang'e6probebroughtbacksoilfromthemoon'sfarside,scientistsnoticedsomething

unusual.Unlike(heloose,sandysoilcollectedfromthenearsidebyChang'e5,thisnewsoilwasstrangelysticky

andclumpy.Thismysteryhasnowbeensolved,revealingimportantinformationforfuturespaceexploration.

Chinesescientistslaunchedastudytofindthecause.Theyfirstruledouttheobviousreasonsforstickiness,

suchasmoistureormagneticforces,findingnoevidenceofcither.Theythenperformedasimpletest,observing

howsteeplythesoilcouldpileup.Theresultsshowedthatthefar-sidesoilcouldformmuchsteeperslopes,

behavingmorelikedampgardensoilthandrybeachsand.Thisconfirmeditsspecialcohesivenature.

Theanswer,theydiscovered,liesin(heshapeandsizeofthesoil'stinyparticles.Usingspecial3Dimages,

researchersfoundthattheparticlesfromthefarsideareextremelysmallandhaveunusuallysharp,roughedges.

Theseuniquefeaturescausetheparticlestosticktogether.Theroughsurfacescreatemorefriction,lockingthe

pieces,andbecausetheparticlesaresotiny,theyarepulledtogetherbyweaknaturalforces.

Whyaretheseparticlessodifferent?Themoon'sfarsidehassufferedmuchmorefromtheharshspace

environment.Formillionsofyears,ithasbeenconstantlyhitbytinyspacerocksandblownbypowerfulsolar

winds.Thisintensespaceweatheringhasnotonlybrokentheparticlesdownbutalsomeltedandjoined(heminto

complex,sharp-edgedshapes,making(hesoilfarmorecohesive.

Understandingthisstickysoilismorethanjustsolvingascientificpuzzle;itisacriticalengineering

challenge.Thisrough,stickymaterialcouldblockmachines,coversolarpanels,andjamthejointsofaspacesuit.

Knowingitspropertieshelpsengineersdesignbetterrovers,landingpads,andequipmentforfuturelunarbases,

ensuringthathumanity'snextstepsonthemoonarcsuccessful.

I.Whatdoesthepassageaimtodo"

A.TocomparethedifferentgoalsoftheChang'e5and6missions.

B.Todiscussthecauseofstickylunarsoilanditsimportance.

C.Toarguethatthemoon'sfarsideisabetterplaceforexploration.

D.Todescribetheprocessofbuildingalong-termlunarbase.

2.Wliydulliclunarsoilpaniclesfromthefarsideslicklugcllicr?

A.Becausetheycontainaspecialstickymineral.

B.Duetotheirroughsurfacesandtinysize.

C.Because(heywereoncemeltedbythesun'sextremeheal.

D.Duetothepresenceofunseenwaterinthesoil.

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthesoilonthemoon'snearside?

A.Itsparticlesarelikelylargerandsmoother.

B.Ilisunsuitableforanyfutureconstruction.

C.Ithasbeenexposedtomoresolarwind.

D.Itcontainsfewermineralsthanthefarside.

4.Thefindingaboutthesoil'stextureismostcriticalfor.

A.astronomersstudyingthemoon'shistory

B.engineersdesigningfuturemoonequipment

C.geologistsanalyzingthemoon'smineralmakeup

D.astronautsplanningtheirwalkroutesonthemoon

Passage3

Depressionisaglobalmentalhealthchallengeaffectingmillions.Whilesomeexistingtreatmentscanoffer

rapidrelief,theiruseisoftenlimitedduetoserioussideeffectsandalackofunderstandingofhowtheywork.For

decades,theexactbiologicalprocessesbehindthesepowerfultherapieshaveremainedamystery,preventing

doctorsfromfullyusingtheirbenefitsandmanagingtheirrisksThissituationhasmadedevelopingbetter

treatmentsatoppriorityformedicalresearchers.

Now,abreakthroughbyChinesescientistshasshedlightonthismystery.Usinganewobservationmethod,

theydiscoveredacommonmechanismbehindtwomajortherapies.Theyfoundthatbolhtreatmentscauseasharp

andlastingincreaseinakeybrainchemicalinareasthatcontrolmood.Thissharedstartingpointwaspreviously

unknownandrepresentsamajorstepforwardinunderstandinghowtofightdepressionmoreeffectively.

Thisdiscoveryisparticularlyimportantforoneofthetreatments,apowerfulmedicine.Theresearchshowsit

worksmainlybychangingcellenergy,notthroughaprocesspreviouslythoughttocausesideeffectslike

unpleasantmentalexperiences.Basedonthisnewunderstanding,theteamhasalreadydevelopednewmedicines.

Inanimaltests,thesenewdrugsshowedstrongantidepressanteffectswithfarfewersideeffects,offeringhopefor

saferfuturetreatments.

Theresearchhasalsoopenedadoortonon-drugtreatments.Scientistsdiscoveredthatasimplephysical

method,abriefandcontrolledspecialbreathingexercise,canalsoactivatethisbrainchemicalpathway.Animal

studiesshowedthismethodisbothsafeandeffective,producingapowerfulantidepressanteffectwithout

medicine.Thissuggestsacompletelynew,simple,andlow-costwaytohelppeoplewithdepression.

Buildingonthisfinding,atreatmentdevicebasedonthebreathingtechniqueisbeingdeveloped.Initialtests

showitissafeandaffordable.Theteamaimstocompleteclinicaltrialsandintroduce(hisnewtherapytothe

marketinthecomingyears,promisinganewerainthetreatmentofdepression.

1.Whatdoesthepassagewanttoconvey?

A.Theeffectivenessofdifferentantidepressantdrugs.

B.Abreakthroughinunderstandingandtreatingdepression.

C.Thewideruseofaspecificfast-actingtreatment.

D.Thesideeffectsofcurrentdepressiontherapies.

2.Whatdidthenewresearchrevealaboutthepowerfulmedicine?

A.Ilworksbyaprocessthatdirectlycausessideeffects.

B.Itsprimaryfunctionisrelatedtocellenergychanges.

C.Itistheonlytreatmentthatincreasesthebrainchemical.

D.Itseffectsonmoodareslowerthanpreviouslythought.

3.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewbreathing-basedtherapy?

A.Itwillcompletelyreplacetheneedformedicine.

B.Itisconsideredapromisingfuturetreatment.

C.Itismoreeffectivethanthedrug-basedtreatments.

D.ItisalreadywidelyusedinhospitalsacrossChina.

4.Whyisthediscoveryofacommonmechanismimportant?

A.Itprovesthatalldepressiontreatmentsarcthesame.

B.Itallowsforthecreationofsaferandimprovedtreatments.

C.Itshowsthatphysicalmethodsarebelterthandrugs.

D.Ilhelpsdoctorschoosetherightstrategyforindividuals.

Passage4

China'spolarresearchteamhascompletedapioneeringdeep-seamission,markingafirstincooperative

deep-seamissionsinvolvingmannedsubmersibles(潛水器).Theteamreturnedtoportaftera98-dayexpedition,

muchofwhichwasspentwithintheArcticCircle.Thejourneywasundertakenbytheworld'sfirstice-breaking

supportshipformanneddeep-seasubmersibles,Tansuo3,carryingtwoChina-developedsubmersibles,

FcndouzhcandJiaolong.Thissignificantmissionwasorganizedbyleadingnationalscientificinstitutions.

Duringtheexpedition,theteamoperatedintheArcticOceanfor56days,navigatingthroughice-covered

waters(oconductaseriesofscientificinvestigations.Akeyachievementwas(hefirst-evercooperativeoperation

betweenthesubmersiblesJiaolongandFendouzhe.Theyworkedtogetherontaskslikeunderwatersearchesand

filming.Furthermore,theteamconductedtheworld'sfirstmanneddeep-seaexplorationofapreviouslyunvisited

ridgeintheArctic'scentralbasin,anareawithover80%seaicecoverage.Fendouzhecompleted32dives,

operatingeffectivelyduringthepolardayandnight,andinharsh（惡劣的）weatherconditions.

Thismissionsuccessfullyprovedtheoperationalcapabilitiesofthevesselandsubmersiblesinpolar

ice-coveredregions.Itledtomajortechnologicaladvancementsandestablishednewmethodsforoperating

submersiblesunderextremepolarconditions.Theteamalsopioneeredaspecialmobileice-divingmodel,where

thesupportvesselandsubmersiblecoordinatecloselyinthickice.Thisinnovationensuressafeandprecise

movement,thusexpandingthewindowforscientificresearch.

Theefforthasbuiltaskilledpolardivingteam,establishingChinaastheonlynationtoperformcontinuous

mannedsubmersibleoperationsintheArctic'sdenseicezones.Thisachievementsolidifiesthecountry'sglobal

leadershipindeep-seatechnology.Thesamplesanddatacollected,includingwater,rocks,andbiological

materials,willprovidecriticalscientificsupport.TheywillhelpscientistsunderstandArcticclimatechange,

uniquegeologicalprocesses,andhewlifeadaptstoiheextremepolarenvironment.

1.Whatistheprimarypurposeofthspassage?

A.TopraisetheachievementsofChina'sshipbuildingindustry.

B.TodiscussthesignificanceandoutcomesofapioneeringChinesedeep-seamission.

C.ToreportontherapidchangesinArcticseaicelevels.

D.TointroducethespecificfunctionsoftheFendouzhesubmersible.

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthearticleaboutothercountries'deep-seaexploration?

A.Theyhavenotyetdevelopedsubmersiblescapableofreaching5,000meters.

B.Theyaremainlyfocusedongeologicalresearchratherthanbiology.

C.TheylikelylackthetechnologyforcontinuousoperationsindenseArcticice.

D.TheypreferlouonduulresearchduringllicArcticsuiiimcr.

3.Howdidtheteammanagetoexpanditsoperationalwindowinpolaricczones?

A.Byusingamorepowerfulice-breakingship.

B.Bydevelopingamobileice-divingmodelwithclosevessel-submersiblecoordination.

C.Byestablishingnewoperationalrulesforextremeweather.

D.Bylimitingdivestoperiodsofpolarday.

4/1'hemainvalueofthecollectedsamplesandobservationsliesintheirabilityto.

A.provethatsubmersiblesaremoreeffectivethanhumanscientists

B.helpunderstandvariousnaturalprocessesintheArcticenvironment

C.establishalegalbasisforfutureminingoperationsintheArctic

D.showthatdeep-sealifecannotsurviveinextremecold

Passage5

AChineseresearchteamhascreatedahighlyimponaniatlasthatmaps(heconnectionsbetweenchemicalsin

humanbloodandawiderangeofdiseases.Thissignificantworkprovidesastrongbasisfortheearlydiscoveryof

illnesses,predictingtheirdevelopment,andfindingnewmedicines.Thefindingsofferavaluablenewtoolfbrthe

futureofmedicalscience.

Theresearcherscarefullystudiedthelinksbetweenhundredsofbloodchemicalsandthousandsofhuman

characteristicsanddiseases.Theyfoundthatthesebloodsubstancesserveaskeysigns,reflectingthecomplex

effectsofourgenes,dailybehaviors,andtheenvironmentonourhciilth.Theanalysisidentifiedtensofthousands

ofsignificantconnections,highlightingthatproblemswithhowthebodyprocessesfathaveawidespreadeffect

acrossmanydifferentdiseasesystems.Thisdiscoverysuggestsacommonrootfbrmanyseeminglyunrelated

healthissues.

Oneofthemostcriticaldiscoveriesisaboutthetimelineofadisease'sdevelopment.Thestudyrevealed(hat

formorethanhalfoftheimportantchemicalsigns,unusuallevelsinthebloodcouldbefounduptotenyears

beforeadoctorcouldofficiallydiagnosetheillness.Furthermore,theresearchersobsenedthatthesechemical

indicatorsgothroughmajorchangesattwokeypointsinaperson'slife:aroundtheagesof46and64.Thisinsight

intotimingiscrucialfortrulyearlyintervention.

Forpracticaluseinhealthcare,theteamdevelopedachemical-basedriskscore.Thisscorecanbeusedto

helpaccuratelydiagnose94knowndiseasesandpredicttheriskof81newones.Amongthemanysubstances,a

fewlikecreatinineandalbuminwereconfirmedasespeciallypowerfulindicatorsofaperson'shea'thcondition.

Thissystemallowsdoctorstoassessapatient'sriskprofilewithgreateraccuracy.

Ultimately,thisresearchmarksastepforwardinprecisionmedicine.Itoffersasystematicwaytodetect

earlywarningsignalsofdiseasesbysimplymonitoringchangesinbloodchemicals.Thisenablesdoctorsto

predictcertaindiseaserisksinadvance.Basedonanindividual'suniquechemicalprofile,physicianscanthen

createhighlypersonalizedplansfordiet,exercise,andmedication,achievinganewlevelofpatient-centeredcare.

I.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodobythepassage?

A.Toargueforahealthierlifestyle.

B.Tbintroduceascientificbreakthroughindiseaseprediction.

C.Tocomparedifferentmethodsofmedicaldiagnosis.

D.Toexplainthechemicalprocessesinhumanblood.

2.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofmedicalcareaccordingtothepassage?

A.Doctorswillrelylessonpacients'personalreports.

B.Treatmenlwillbecomemorepreventativeandpersonalized.

C.Alldiseaseswillbeeasilycuredinthenextdecade.

D.Geneticinformationwillnolongerbenecessary.

3.Whatmakesthisnewatlasparticularlyvaluableforearlydetection?

A.Itcandetectsignsofillnessmanyyearsbeforesymptomsappear.

B.Itcoversthewidestrangeofdiseaseseverstudied.

C.Itfocusesmainlyonproblemsrelatedtofatintheblood.

D.ItwasdevelopedbyaleadingresearchteaminChina.

4.Whyarebloodchemicalsconsideredimportantindicatorsofhealth?

A.Theyareeasiertomeasurethanothersigns.

B.Theydirectlycausemostcommonhumandiseases.

C.Theyshowthecombinedeffectsofvariouslifefactors.

D.Theyremainstablethroughoutaperson'sadultlife.

Passage6

AresearchinstituteatFudanUniversity,celebratingits10thanniversary,recentlyannouncedthe

establishmentoftwojointlaboratories.Onelab,partneringwithahospitalmanagementcompany,aimstoprovide

low-costearlytestsforseriousbrainillnesses.Theother,workingwithaconstructiongroup,willuseartificial

intelligencetoimprovebuildingsafetyandefficiency.Eachpartnercompanyisinvesting12millionyuan,

showinghowscientificresearchisbeingappliedinreal-worldindustries.

Thedeanoftheinstitute,FengJianfcng,emphasizedthatpreventingdiseasesismoreimportantthancuring

them.HisteamhasdevelopednewmethodsusingbloodsamplescombinedwithAIalgorithmstoidentifyearly

signsofbraindiseaseslikeAlzheimer's.Thisallowsforearlyintervention.Amajorbreakthroughwascreatinga

methodtopredictAlzheimer'supto15yearsinadvancewith91%accuracy.Theirapproachusessimpleblood

tests,avoidingdifficultanduncomfortablemedicaltestsforpatients.

Besidesdiseaseprediction,theinstitutehasachievedotherworld-classsuccesses.Itcreatedtheworld'sfirst

completecomputermodelofthebrainattheneuronallevel,seenasamajorstepforwardforbothmedicineand

AIdevelopment.Anotherbreakthroughinvolvedspecialoperationsconnectingthebrainandspine,whichhave

enabledparalyzedpatientstostandandwalkagainbyusing(heirthoughtstocontroltheirbodies.

Theseachievementshavebroughttheinstitutesignificantinternationalattenlion.Aftertheresultswere

published,scientistsfromaroundtheworld,includingtheU.S.andEurope,reachedouttodiscusscollaborations.

Foreignconsulatesalsomadeinquiries,hopingtousetheinstitute'stechnologiestoassisttheircitizens.This

globalinteresthighlightstheinstitute'sgrowinginfluenceandleadershipinthefield.

Fengbelievestheinstitute'ssuccessiscloselylinkedtothecountry'soverallstrengthandthesupportive

environmentofShanghai.Theinstitutehasattractedtopinternationalexpertswhopraisethestrongabilitiesof

Chinesestudentsandtheworld-classresearchfacilitiesavailable.Lookingahead,theinstituteaimstotrain

creativeandoriginaltalentswhowillbecomefutureleadersinareaslikebrain-computerinterfacesandAI,

believingthatpeoplearethemostimportantpartofscientificresearch.

1.Whatisthemaintopicofthisarticle?

A.ThehistoryofFudanUniversity.

B.Differentmethodsfortreatingbraindiseases.

C.WaysofAibeingusedinconstruction.

D.Theachievementsandgoalsofaresearchinstitute.

2.Whatcanbeinferredabout(henewmethodforpredictingAlzheimer's?

A.Itismorecomfortableandaccessibleforpatients.

B.Itistooexpensiveforcommonpeopletouse.

C.Iluumplclclycuresthediseasealanearlystage.

D.Itislessaccuratethantraditionaltestingmethods.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatcontributestotheinstitute'sglobalinfluence?

A.Ilsexclusivefocusonhelpingforeigncitizens.

B.Thelargenumberofpaperspublishedinjournals.

C.Itsworld-classresearchattractinginternationalcooperation.