單詞拼寫題目及答案

一、單項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Theprocessofconvertingrawdataintomeaningfulinformationisknownas______.A.dataminingB.dataprocessingC.dataanalysisD.datastorageAnswer:B2.Incomputerscience,a______isasetofrulesorproceduresforperformingcalculationsandotheroperations.A.functionB.algorithmC.loopD.variableAnswer:B3.The______layeroftheOSImodelisresponsibleforprovidingend-to-endcommunicationservices.A.physicalB.datalinkC.networkD.transportAnswer:D4.A______isaprogramminglanguagethatisdesignedtobeeasyforhumanstoreadandwrite.A.low-levellanguageB.high-levellanguageC.machinelanguageD.assemblylanguageAnswer:B5.Theprocessofbreakingdownaprogramintosmaller,moremanageablepartsiscalled______.A.modularizationB.encapsulationC.abstractionD.inheritanceAnswer:A6.______isamethodoforganizingdataintorelatedtablestominimizeredundancyandimprovedataintegrity.A.normalizationB.denormalizationC.indexingD.partitioningAnswer:A7.The______protocolisusedfortransmittingemailmessagesovertheinternet.A.FTPB.HTTPC.SMTPD.TCPAnswer:C8.A______isalogicalgroupingofrelatedprocessesthatexecuteconcurrentlyandcommunicatewitheachother.A.threadB.processC.socketD.connectionAnswer:A9.The______isaunitofdatathatisprocessedasawholebyacomputer.A.bitB.byteC.nibbleD.wordAnswer:B10.______isatechniqueusedtostoredatainawaythatmakesiteasytosearchandretrieve.A.indexingB.hashingC.encryptionD.compressionAnswer:A二、多項選擇題（總共10題，每題2分）1.Whichofthefollowingarecomponentsofacomputersystem?A.CPUB.memoryC.inputdevicesD.outputdevicesE.operatingsystemAnswer:A,B,C,D,E2.Whatarethemaintypesofdatabases?A.relationalB.hierarchicalC.networkD.object-orientedE.flatAnswer:A,B,C,D,E3.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofhigh-levelprogramminglanguages?A.PythonB.JavaC.C++D.RubyE.AssemblyAnswer:A,B,C,D4.WhatarethelayersoftheTCP/IPmodel?A.applicationB.transportC.internetD.networkaccessE.sessionAnswer:A,B,C,D5.Whichofthefollowingaredatastructures?A.arraysB.linkedlistsC.treesD.graphsE.hashtablesAnswer:A,B,C,D,E6.Whatarethemaincomponentsofanetwork?A.routersB.switchesC.serversD.clientsE.cablesAnswer:A,B,C,D,E7.Whichofthefollowingaresortingalgorithms?A.bubblesortB.insertionsortC.selectionsortD.mergesortE.quicksortAnswer:A,B,C,D,E8.Whatarethebenefitsofusingarelationaldatabase?A.dataintegrityB.dataredundancyC.easeofuseD.scalabilityE.flexibilityAnswer:A,C,D,E9.Whichofthefollowingareexamplesofinputdevices?A.keyboardB.mouseC.scannerD.microphoneE.printerAnswer:A,B,C,D10.Whatarethemaintypesofoperatingsystems?A.WindowsB.macOSC.LinuxD.UnixE.AndroidAnswer:A,B,C,D,E三、判斷題（總共10題，每題2分）1.TheInternetisaglobalnetworkofinterconnectedcomputers.Answer:True2.Afirewallisasoftwareorhardwarecomponentthatmonitorsandcontrolsincomingandoutgoingnetworktraffic.Answer:True3.Thebinarysystemisabase-10numbersystem.Answer:False4.Analgorithmisastep-by-stepprocedureforsolvingaproblem.Answer:True5.Dataencryptionistheprocessofconvertingdataintoasecureformat.Answer:True6.Adatabaseisacollectionoforganizeddatathatcanbeeasilyaccessed,managed,andupdated.Answer:True7.TheOSImodelhassevenlayers.Answer:False8.Avariableisastoragelocationinmemorythatholdsavalue.Answer:True9.Aloopisacontrolstructurethatallowsasetofinstructionstoberepeated.Answer:True10.Acompilerisaprogramthattranslateshigh-levelcodeintomachinecode.Answer:True四、簡答題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweenastackandaqueue.Answer:Astackisalast-in,first-out(LIFO)datastructure,meaningthelastelementaddedisthefirstonetoberemoved.Aqueueisafirst-in,first-out(FIFO)datastructure,meaningthefirstelementaddedisthefirstonetoberemoved.2.Describethepurposeofadatabaseindex.Answer:Adatabaseindexisusedtoimprovethespeedofdataretrievaloperationsonadatabasetable.Itisadatastructurethatimprovesthespeedofdataretrievaloperationsonadatabasetablebyprovidingquickaccesstothedatawithouthavingtoscaneveryrowinadatabasetableeverytimeaqueryisexecuted.3.Whatisthedifferencebetweenahardwareandasoftwarefirewall?Answer:Ahardwarefirewallisaphysicaldevicethatisplacedbetweenacomputerornetworkandtheinternettoprovideprotection.Asoftwarefirewallisaprogramthatrunsonacomputerorservertomonitorandcontrolincomingandoutgoingnetworktraffic.4.Explaintheconceptofdataabstraction.Answer:Dataabstractionistheconceptofhidingthecompleximplementationdetailsofadatastructureorsystemandexposingonlythenecessaryfeaturestotheuser.Itallowsuserstointeractwiththedatawithoutneedingtounderstandtheunderlyingcomplexity.五、討論題（總共4題，每題5分）1.Discusstheimportanceofdatanormalizationindatabasedesign.Answer:Datanormalizationisimportantindatabasedesignbecauseithelpstoreducedataredundancy,improvedataintegrity,andmakethedatabasemoreflexiblebyorganizingdataintorelatedtables.Thisminimizestheduplicationofdataandensuresthateachpieceofdataisstoredonlyonce,whichcanleadtomoreefficientstorageandbetterperformance.2.Explaintheroleofarouterinacomputernetwork.Answer:Arouterplaysacrucialroleinacomputernetworkbydirectingdatapacketsbetweendifferentnetworks.ItexaminesthedestinationIPaddressofeachpacketanddeterminesthebestpathforthepackettotaketoreachitsdestination.RoutersalsoprovidesecurityfeaturessuchasfirewallsandNetworkAddressTranslation(NAT),whichhelptoprotectthenetworkfromunauthorizedaccessandmanagetheuseofIPaddresses.3.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofusingahigh-levelprogramminglanguage.Answer:Theadvantagesofusingahigh-levelprogramminglanguageincludeeasierreadabilityandwriting,asthelanguageismoreabstractandclosertohumanlanguage.Italsoallowsforbetterportabilityacrossdifferentplatformsandeasiermaintenanceofcode.However,high-levellanguagesaregenerallylessefficientintermsofexecutionspeedcomparedtolow-levellanguages,