《化工專業(yè)英語》練習(xí)題一、詞匯翻譯1.hydrogenbonding2.Potassium3.pharmaceuticals4.sodium5.biotransformation6.nomenclature7.heterogeneouscatalysis8.sodiumnitrate9.filtration10.aceticacid11.chlorinegas12.sodiumchloride13.graphiteelectrode14.displacementreaction15.infraredspectroscopy16.cluster17.fullerene18.heliumatmosphere19.exothermicreaction20.toluene二、閱讀理解Passage1By1970,accordingtoaWorldWildlifeFundreport,onlyabout4,500tigerssurvivedthroughouttheworld-halfoftheminIndia.Mr.Foresters,whofollowedandcountedtigerfootprints,estimatedthatinMay1972onlyabout1,800tigersexistedinIndia.ProjectTigerSupportedbyW.W.F.wasimmediatelylaunched.Ninetigerreserves(保留地)werecreated,witharmedguardsprotectingthem.TheprojectprovidedopportunitiesforresearchersfromIndiaandabroadtostudytigersinthereservesandgatherpreviouslyunavailableinformationabouttheirhabits.Studiesshowthatamaletigermaycontrolahuntingterritoryofbetween10and20squarekilometers,dependingonitsage,sizeandstrength.Theterritoryofmaleincludesthesmallerterritories(領(lǐng)地)ofthreeorfourtigresses.Atigermarkstheboundariesofitsterritoriesbysprayingurineandotherbodilyliquidsonbushes.Butittriestoavoidterritorialfights,beingguidedbythedistinctivebodysmellofothertigers.Tigersfighttodeathonlywhenatigressisdefendingheryoung,orwhenatigerisguardingatigressfromtheattentionsofothermales.Thepopularimageofthetigeristhatofamercilessandunconquerablehunter.Butstudiesshowthatitcatchesonlyoneof20victimsittriestoattack.FearshaverecentlydevelopedthatProjectTigerhasbeentoosuccessful.Ithasenabledthetigerpopulationtodouble(bymid-80S),butIndia"shumanpopulationhasalsogrownoutofcontrol.Currentlyitis750millionandlikelytobe900millionbytheendofthecentury.Landproblemisbecomingseriousandmanyruralpeoplefeelbitteraboutthefactthatsomerichforestsarereservedfortigers.Agrowingnumberofattacksbytigersonmanhasaddedtothehostility.1.TheultimateaimofProjectTigeristo_____.studythegrowthrateoftigersprotecttigersfrombeingkilledpromotethebreedingofyoungtigersanalyzethebehavioralpatternsoftigers2.Studieshaveshownthat______.atigressneverattacksuntilattackedthetigressisnotasfierceasthetigersC.atigerusuallyfightsanothertigertodefenditsownterritory.D.thetigerisnotanefficienthunterasiscommonlydescribed.3.Accordingtothepassage,atiger"sterritory_____.A.remainsunchangedB.isoftendefendedbytigressesC.expandsasthetigergrowsupD.isthecauseofmostfights4.SomepeopleareafraidthatProjectTiger_____.A.hasbeencarriedtoofarB.hasnotreceivedenoughattentionC.hasfailedtoachieveitsgoalD.isnotworththemoneyspentonit5.Theauthorseems_____.A.tobeenthusiasticaboutProjectTigerB.tohaveamatter-of-factattitudetowardsProjectTigerC.tohaveahostileattitudetowardsProjectTigerD.tobesatisfiedwithProjectTigerPassage2Japanisgettingtoughaboutrecycling—andnotinthepaperandplastickindofway.Recently,thecountryrequiresthatallelectronicgoods—TVs,VCRs,stereos,andmore—berecycled.Butrecyclingwillnotbelefttoconsumers,instead,thedeviceswillbesenttotheoriginalmanufacturerforproperdisposal.Thenewlawposesafewchallengestomanufacturerswhoarenowrushingtosetupcollectionnetworksandperfectingtechniquestodisassembleandrecycleolderproducts.Withaneyetowardthefuture,theyarealsointegratingeasilyrecycledmaterialsintonewproducts.Plastics,amajorcomponentofmostelectronicproducts,poseaparticularobstaclebecausetheirqualitybecomesworseandworsewithage,losingstrengthandflexibilityevenifreprocessed.NECCorp.overcomesthisproblembycreatingaplasticssandwich,inwhichthefillingis100percentrecycledplasticandtheouterlayersamixtureof14percentrecycledmaterial.TheresultingplastichassufficientstrengthandtoughnessforuseasacasefordesktopPCs.Thecompany,incooperationwithplasticmakerSumitomoDow,hasalsodevelopedanewplastic,whichengineersclaimretainsitsmechanicalpropertiesthroughrepeatedrecycling.NECusestheplastic,whichisalsoflame-retardant(阻燃的)inbatterycasesfornotebookPCs.Meanwhile,MatsushitaElectric,makerofthePanasonicbrand,isavoidingplasticinfavorofmagnesium(鎂).Magnesium,saysthecompany,isidealforrecyclingbecauseitretainsitsoriginalstrengththroughrepeatedreprocessing.Matsushitahasdevelopedmoldingtechniquestoformmagnesiumintothecasefora21-inchTV.Unfortunately,themagnesiumcaseandenergy-savingfeaturesmaketheTVabouttwiceasexpensiveasanordinarymodel.Thecompanyhopes,however,thatincreaseduseofmagnesiumwilleventuallybringpricesdown.6.AccordingtothepresentregulationsofJapan,therecyclingofpaperandplasticwillbetheresponsibilityof______.A.thegovernmentB.themanufacturersC.theconsumersD.thesellers7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecharacterofplastics.______.A.Mostelectronicproductscontainplastics.B.Itretainsitsoriginalstrengththroughreprocessing.C.Recycledplasticscanbeintegratedintonewproducts.D.Plasticswillloseflexibilityafteracertainperiodoftime.8.Accordingtothepassage,theterm“plasticsandwich”refersto_____.A.akindofsandwich-shapedtoymadeofplasticsB.akindofplasticswithdifferentintegrationineachlayerC.akindofplasticswithmaximumstrengthandflexibilityD.akindofplasticsmadeof100%recycledmaterials9.Inthepassage,itisimpliedbutNOTstatedthat___.A.disposingtheplasticsisoneofNECCorp’sbusinessesB.magnesiumisanidealmaterialforthecaseofTVC.21-inchTVwithmagnesiumcaseisn’tverypopularsofarD.magnesiummustbebetterthantheplastics10.Theauthorwritesthispassageinorderto____.A.InformB.instructC.predictD.Persuade三、句子翻譯1.Chemistryhasilluminatedtheentirenaturalworld;fromthetinyatomicnucleustotheimmensecosmos.2.C60thusbecamethefirstclusterofapureelementevertobeisolatedandcollectedinquantitiesgreatenoughfortraditionalchemicalexperiments.3.Thechemicalindustrytodayisoneofthemostimportantmanufacturingindustriesintheworld.4.Afterfilteringawaytheinsolublematerialandevaporatingthesolvent,thescientistsisolatedayellowishbrownpowder.5.Afterfilteringawaytheinsolublematerialandevaporatingthesolvent,thescientistsisolatedayellowishbrownpowder.6.Thischemicalfactory--yourbodyalsogeneratesitsownenergy.Itdetectsitsownmalfunctionsa