介詞和介詞短語考點(diǎn)分析安徽省2021—2025年中考考點(diǎn)分析考點(diǎn)年份20252024202320222021介詞——單項(xiàng)填空26—單項(xiàng)填空24介詞短語單項(xiàng)填空26——單項(xiàng)填空29單項(xiàng)填空29單項(xiàng)填空1.[2025·安徽]Wecandoalottodevelopwritingskills.

,keepadiary.

A.AfterallB.ForexampleC.AsaresultD.Inaword真題再現(xiàn)B

2.[2023·安徽]Dowhateveryoucanforthecommunity,

lookingaftertheoldorteachingkidsart.

A.withB.underC.likeD.over3.[2022·安徽]—Hey,Tom,youaremakingnoise.Youshouldbepolite

.

—Sorry,Mum.I’vegotit.A.atmostB.inpublicC.ontimeD.bychanceB

C

4.[2021·安徽]Ourcountryhasmadegreatprogressinthefight

blueskiesandclearwaters.

A.inB.for

C.againstD.between5.[2021·安徽]—Yourvillageisreallybeautiful!—Thankyou.

,allthevillagesherehavetakenonanewlook.

A.ForexampleB.InfactC.FirstofallD.AsaresultB

B

考點(diǎn)梳理考點(diǎn)一常見時(shí)間介詞辨析

1.in、on和at介詞用法舉例in表示在某一較長時(shí)間內(nèi),如世紀(jì)、年、季、月等,或泛指一天的上午、下午或晚上in2022在2022年inJanuary在1月inspring在春季inthemorning在上午介詞用法舉例on表示在星期幾、具體的某一天或特指某天的上午、下午或晚上等onMonday在星期一onNationalDay在國慶節(jié)(那天)onacoldmorning在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨續(xù)表

介詞用法舉例at表示在某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間點(diǎn),如小時(shí)、分鐘等,還可以表示“在……期間”atnight在晚上atsix在6時(shí)atbreakfast/lunch/dinner在吃早/中/晚飯時(shí)2.in、after和before介詞用法例句in“in+一段時(shí)間”在將來時(shí)中表示“一段時(shí)間之后”,在其他時(shí)態(tài)中表示“在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)”Thedoctorwillcomeinsixminutes.醫(yī)生會在六分鐘之后來。續(xù)表

介詞用法例句after“after+一段時(shí)間”表示“(過去的)一段時(shí)間以后”,常和過去時(shí)連用;“after+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”表示“(將來的)某一時(shí)刻以后”Hereceivedherletterafterfourweeks.四周后他收到了她的信。I’llgoandseeherafterthreeo’clock.3點(diǎn)鐘以后我會去見她。before后接具體的時(shí)間,表示“在……之前”Youshouldfinishyourhomeworkbeforefouro’clock.你應(yīng)該在4點(diǎn)鐘之前完成家庭作業(yè)。3.by和until/till介詞用法例句by表示最遲在某一時(shí)刻或某一日期之前BythetimeIcametotheparty,itwasallover.我來到派對時(shí),一切都結(jié)束了。until/till用在肯定句中,意為“直到……為止”,主句謂語動詞用延續(xù)性動詞;用在否定句中,意為“直到……才”,主句謂語動詞用非延續(xù)性動詞Iworkeduntillateatnight.我工作到深夜。Shedidn’tgetupuntilhermothercamein.直到她的媽媽進(jìn)來,她才起床。4.其他常見時(shí)間介詞介詞用法例句since“since+具體時(shí)間點(diǎn)”意為“自從……以來”,常和完成時(shí)連用UncleLeehasworkedinthisfactorysince1970.李叔叔自1970年起就在這家工廠工作了。for“for+一段時(shí)間”意為“有……之久”,常和完成時(shí)連用Shehaswaitedatthegateforoverthreehours.她已經(jīng)在大門口等了3個(gè)多小時(shí)。續(xù)表

介詞用法例句from意為“從……起”,常用搭配:from...to...“從……到……”HewasstudyingFrenchfrom2p.m.to5p.m.他從下午2點(diǎn)到5點(diǎn)一直在學(xué)習(xí)法語。during后接時(shí)間段,意為“在……期間”DuringhisstayinParis,helivedwithhisfriends.在他待在巴黎期間,他和朋友們住在一起。through意為“從頭到尾”,強(qiáng)調(diào)動作發(fā)生的全過程Weworkedthroughthenight.我們通宵工作?？键c(diǎn)二常見方位介詞辨析

1.at、in、on和to介詞用法舉例at表示“在(小地方)”或“在……附近/旁邊”(如圖:)atthedoor在門口attheairport在機(jī)場atthestation在車站atParkStreet在公園街atthedesk在書桌旁介詞用法舉例in表示“在(大地方)”或“在……范圍之內(nèi)”(如圖:)inChina在中國inthenorth在北方表示A地屬于B地(如圖:)HainanProvinceliesinthesouthofChina.海南省位于中國的南方。(海南省是中國的一部分)續(xù)表

介詞用法舉例on表示A地不屬于B地,但A、B兩地接壤(如圖:)HunanProvinceliesonthewestofJiangxiProvince.湖南省在江西省西邊。(湖南省和江西省接壤)to表示“到……”ThisroadleadstoLondon.這條路通向倫敦。表示“在……范圍之外”,即A、B兩地不接壤(如圖:)JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中國東邊。(日本在中國的范圍之外,且和中國不接壤)【注意】at還有其他常見用法:(1)表示“在……方面”。例如:She

is

good

at

English.她擅長英語。(2)用在年齡前,表示“在……歲時(shí)”。例如:At

the

age

of

4,he

began

to

play

the

piano.他4歲時(shí)便開始彈鋼琴了。(3)用在具體的價(jià)格或速度前。例如:The

coat

is

on

sale

at

(the

price

of)

100

yuan.這件上衣以100元的價(jià)格出售。The

train

runs

at

(the

speed

of)

150

kilometers

an

hour.火車以每小時(shí)150千米的速度行駛。2.on、above、below、over和under介詞用法例句on表示“在……上面”,與物體表面接觸(如圖:)Heputshiswatchonthedesk.他把手表放在書桌上。above表示“在……上方”,不強(qiáng)調(diào)是否垂直,且不與表面接觸,同below相對(如圖:)Thebirdisflyingabovemyhead.鳥兒從我頭頂飛過。續(xù)表

介詞用法例句below表示非垂直且不與表面接觸的下方(如圖:)Thereisalakebelowthemountain.山下有一個(gè)湖。介詞用法例句over表示“在……(垂直的)正上方”,與物體表面不直接接觸,同under相對(如圖:)Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有一座橋。under表示垂直且不與表面接觸的正下方(如圖:)Iwanttohavearestunderthetree.我想在樹下休息一會兒。3.through、across、over和past介詞用法例句through表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過,如管道、門窗、人群、樹林等Thevisitorswentthroughabiggateintoanotherpark.游客們穿過一扇大門來到另一個(gè)公園。across表示從物體表面穿過,如街道、河流等Hewalkedacrossthestreet.他穿過街道。介詞用法例句over表示從物體上方越過,如墻、山等Theyclimbedoverthemountainandarrivedthereaheadoftime.他們翻過大山,提前到達(dá)了那里。past意為“經(jīng)過”,表示從旁邊經(jīng)過Theywentpastthesupermarketyesterday.他們昨天從超市旁邊經(jīng)過了。4.between和among介詞用法例句between通常表示“兩者之間”,常用搭配between...and...意為“在……和……之間”AnnisstandingbetweenTomandBill.安站在湯姆和比爾之間。among表示“在三者或三者以上之間”TheywalkedamongthecrowdsinPeaceSquare.他們在熙熙攘攘的和平廣場散步。5.其他常見方位介詞介詞用法例句behind表示“在……后面”TomsitsbehindMary.湯姆坐在瑪麗后面。beside表示“在……旁邊”Thereisatreebesidethehouse.房子旁邊有一棵樹。against表示“緊靠;倚”Placetheladderagainstthewall.把梯子靠墻放。介詞用法例句along表示“順著;沿著”Walkalongtheroad,andyouwillseeabankontheleft.沿著這條路往前走,你會在左手邊看到一家銀行。around表示“四周;在……周圍”Wouldyouliketowalkaroundthefactorythisafternoon?你想今天下午到工廠的周圍走走嗎?考點(diǎn)三常見方式介詞辨析

介詞用法舉例by表示“用……方式、工具或手段”Thehouseisheatedbygas.這房子是天然氣供暖的。后可接表示交通工具的名詞,該名詞用單數(shù)形式且前面不加冠詞或任何修飾成分bysea乘船byair乘飛機(jī)bybus/train/car/taxi乘公交車/火車/汽車/出租車介詞用法舉例in后接表示某種材料、語言、文字或聲音的名詞,表示“用……”。名詞前不用冠詞或修飾語PleasewritethatarticleinEnglish.請用英語寫那篇文章。Shewroteherhomeworkinink.她用墨水寫家庭作業(yè)。后接表示交通工具的名詞,該名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞等修飾語inthecar/taxi乘汽車/出租車Mr.Greengoestoworkinhiscar.格林先生開車去上班。介詞用法舉例on表示“以……方式”,后接手段、通信方式等You’rewantedonthephone.有人打電話找你。后接表示交通工具的名詞,該名詞前應(yīng)有冠詞、物主代詞或指示代詞等修飾語,有時(shí)用于某些固定搭配中。注意:表示騎馬、騎自行車等時(shí),應(yīng)用介詞onontheplane/bus/coach/train乘飛機(jī)/公交車/長途汽車/火車onabike/boat/horse騎自行車/乘船/騎馬onfoot步行with后接某種具體的工具或手段Cutitwithaknife.用刀把它切開?！咀⒁狻?1)with表示方式時(shí),其后的名詞前要使用冠詞。(2)in的其他常見用法:①表示所處境況、情緒、狀態(tài)等。例如:in

trouble“陷入困境”;in

danger“處于危險(xiǎn)中”;in

surprise“驚訝地”;in

good

health“身體健康”。②表示涉及的對象或內(nèi)容,意為“關(guān)于……;在……方面”。例如:I’m

poor

in

math.我的數(shù)學(xué)不好。(3)on的其他常見用法:①表示一種活動或狀態(tài)。例如:on

business“出差”;on

holiday“度假”;on

duty“值日”;on

show=on

display“陳列;展覽”。②表示“依靠;依賴”。例如:He

travels

the

world

on

the

money

his

aunt

gave

him.他靠他姑媽給的錢周游世界?？键c(diǎn)四其他常見易混介詞辨析

1.as和like介詞用法例句as表示“像;如同”Theywerealldressedupasclowns.他們都打扮成小丑。表示“作為……”,后接職業(yè)、職務(wù)、作用等Letmespeaktoyouasafather.我以父親的身份和你講話。(說話者是聽話者的父親)介詞用法例句like表示“像……一樣”(實(shí)際上不是),多指在某些方面相像Letmespeaktoyoulikeafather.讓我像一位父親一樣和你講話。(說話者不是聽話者的父親)2.with和without介詞用法例句with表示伴隨,意為“隨著;和……一起”Theriskofillnessesincreaseswithage.患病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隨著年齡的增長而增加。I’msureyou’llbesafewithus.我確定你和我們在一起是安全的。without意為“沒有”,和with意思相反Hewentoutwithouthisumbrella.他外出沒有帶傘。3.except、except

for和but介詞用法例句except意為“除……之外”,指從整體中排除except后所接的人或事物,通常不能置于句首EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseumexceptTom.除了湯姆,大家都去了故宮博物院。exceptfor意為“除……之外”,表示對整體主要部分的肯定和對局部的否定,起部分修正作用Heisagoodmanexceptforthehottemper.他是個(gè)好人,除了脾氣暴躁。介詞用法例句but意為“除了,除……之外”,側(cè)重指意義的幾乎完整性Everyonewastherebuthim.除了他之外,大家都在。注:介詞短語詳見《課標(biāo)詞匯背記冊》p.52?！拘Чu估】單項(xiàng)填空1.—HaveyoumetwithanyproblemswhenlivinginFrance?—Yes.Itishowtobehaveatthedinnertable.Atfirst,Ididn’tknowthatIcouldn’teatanythingwithmyhands

bread,notevenfruit.

A.forB.exceptC.overD.acrossB

2.[2025·四川成都改編]XizangopeneditsfirstflighttoHongKong

February19th,2025.

A.inB.onC.atD.by3.[2025·江蘇揚(yáng)州]Thebestthings

lifearefree,likehugs,smiles,loveandgoodmemories.

A.onB.atC.byD.inD

B

4.[2025·四川樂山改編]Inthisnewschool,thereisabeautifulgardenstanding

thelabandtheteachingbuilding.

A.duringB.among

C.betweenD.without5.[2025·池州二模]TheastronautWangHaozegotthechancetogointospace

herhardtraining.

A.pastB.acrossC.throughD.towardsC

C

6.[2025·合肥蜀山區(qū)二模]SilkRoadtraderstraveled_____

desertsandmountainstoconnectEasternandWesterncultures.

A.acrossB.aboveC.aroundD.past7.[原創(chuàng)題]Don’tbeafraidoffailure.Rememberthatkitesrisehighest

thewind,notwithit.

A.alongB.above

C.acrossD.againstD

A

8.—Thedecisionwasn’tmade

.Ihavethoughtaboutitforlong.

—Well.It’swiseofyoutothinktwicebeforeacting.A.atlastB.inpublicC.byaccidentD.ontimeC

9.[2025·福建改編]Suelookedatherson

.Shecouldn’tbelievethathewonthegame.

A.insurpriseB.bymistakeC.onpurposeD.asusualA

10.[2025·湖北武漢]—Excuseme,canyoupostmynewIDcardtome?—Sure.You’dbettersign

whenyoureceiveit.

A.atpresentB.inorderC.atworkD.inpersonD

11.[2025·合肥四十二中二模]Itisamazingthat______

AI,thepeopleinourtextbooksareallalive.

A.intheformofB.withthehelpofC.withthepurposeofD.inreturnfor12.[2025·江蘇南京]Studentsshouldlearntosharehappiness

theirfriendsandfamily.

A.forB.withC.inD.fromB

B

13.[2025·合肥蜀山區(qū)三模]Jenniferknewthat,whatevershedecided,herfamilywasright

her.

A.againstB.like

C.behindD.from14.[2025·淮北一模]Youshouldkeepabalanceddietandexerciseregularly,

eatingmorefruitsandvegetables.

A.likeB.withC.underD.overA

C

15.[2025·合肥包河區(qū)三模]—HowdoyoupracticeEnglishnow?—AnAIappcorrectsmypronunciation

games!

A.intoB.exceptC.withoutD.throughD

強(qiáng)化練習(xí)單項(xiàng)填空(每小題1分,滿分15分)1.[2025·滁州天長市一模]Ithinkwestudentsshouldsaynotoschoolbulliesandlearntoguardourselves_______thebulliesaroundus.(

)A.against B.throughC.from D.forA2.[2025·江蘇南通]—Whatisspecialaboutants,Jack?—Well,Iknowthattheybreathe_______theholesonbothsidesoftheirbody.(

)A.over B.across

C.through D.against3.Lixia,ortheStartofSummer,isatimewhenthetemperatureincreasesquickly_______heavierrainfall.(

)A.against B.with C.except D.amongBC4.Bees(蜜蜂)canhelpplantsgrow._______bees,wewouldn’thaveenoughfood.(

)A.From B.Like C.Except D.Without5.Thetalltreestandsbythegate,_______asoldierguardingtheschool.(

)A.like B.over C.across D.besideAD6.—I’malways_______myclassmatesinmath.—Don’tworry.Wecanhelpyou.(

)A.behind B.near C.against D.above7.[2025·安慶一模]—Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?—Well,23boysand22girls.Thereare45students_______.(

)A.intotal B.atleast

C.afterall D.insecretAA8.Inordertopleasethechildren,hedressedup_____