2026屆新高考英語(yǔ)沖刺復(fù)習(xí)主謂一致Subject-predicateagreement1.主謂一致的三原則語(yǔ)法一致原則123意義一致原則就近原則語(yǔ)法一致原則1例They_______(be)students.Hisfather______(be)adoctor.Thenumberoferrors_______(was/were)surprising.We_______(love/loves)ourmotherland.Thegirl_____(have/has)foundhermother.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。areiswaslovehas意義一致原則2例Twentydollars_____(be)toodear.Hisfamily_____(be)watchingTV.Thecrowd_______(was/were)fightingfortheirlives.Threeyearsinastrangeland_____(seem/seems)likealongtime.主語(yǔ)形式為單數(shù)，但在意義上卻為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)形式為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義上視為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采取單數(shù)形式。isarewereseems就近原則3例EitheryouorI_____(be)goingtoworkthere.Notonlyhischildrenbutalsohehimself_______(want/wants)togothere.Nooneexcepthisownsupporters________(agree/agrees)withhim.Neitheryounoryourbrother______(have/has)passedtheexam.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)它前面最鄰近的名詞或代詞或其他詞的數(shù)的形式，來(lái)決定其自身的數(shù)的形式。amwantsagreehas2.主謂一致的特殊情況2.主謂一致的特殊情況either…orneither…norornotonly…but(also)兩個(gè)作主語(yǔ)用的名詞或代詞由以上詞連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后一個(gè)主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)一致。1.EitherheorIamwrong.2.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.3.Tomorhisbrothersarewaitingintheroom,4.Notonlythestudentsbut(also)theteacherisactiveinsportsandgames.12.主謂一致的特殊情況2例Nobodybutusknowsit.除我們之外，再?zèng)]有人知道此事。主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)It’sasecret.主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)而后面跟有but,ratherthan,aswellas,with,togetherwith,like,alongwith,nolessthan,asmuchas,including,inadditionto,besides,but,except等引起的短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)仍用單數(shù)。填空1.I,ratherthanyou,________(be)toblame.2.Sheaswellastheotherstudents__________(have/has)learnedhowtotype.3.Ourschool,withsomeotherschools,________(was/were)builtinthe1950s.4.Aprofessor,togetherwithsomestudents,________(was/were)movedintoanewlaboratory.amhaswaswas單項(xiàng)選擇Thefactthatsomanypeoplestillsmokeinpublicplaces_____thatwemayneedanationwidecampaigntoraiseawarenessoftherisksofsmoking.A.suggestB.suggestsC.suggestedD.suggestingB句意：這么多的人還在公共場(chǎng)所抽煙的事實(shí)，表明我們需要進(jìn)行提高對(duì)吸煙危害意識(shí)的全國(guó)戰(zhàn)役。解析：空格處應(yīng)該為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，再根據(jù)句意得知這是個(gè)客觀性陳述，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)是thefact,單數(shù)第三人稱，所以正確答案為B。單項(xiàng)選擇One-thirdofthecountry______coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens______blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;isA句意：這個(gè)國(guó)家的三分之一被樹覆蓋，大多數(shù)居民是黑人。解析：當(dāng)百分?jǐn)?shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)后面加名詞或代詞時(shí)，要根據(jù)這個(gè)名詞或代詞來(lái)決定其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如果是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果是單數(shù)名詞（或不可數(shù)名詞）或代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)可知，正確答案為A。單項(xiàng)選擇Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse______atpresentinthedisasterarea.A.arebeingbuiltB.werebeingbuiltC.wasbeingbuiltD.isbeingbuiltD句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，目前災(zāi)區(qū)有很多新房正在建設(shè)中。解析：manya+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”，但是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。正確答案為D。2.主謂一致的特殊情況3each,either,neither或由some,any,no,every構(gòu)成的合成代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Eachofushasreadthebook.Eitherofthestoriesisinteresting.NeitherofthemisinterestedinEnglish.Somebodyiswaitingforyouatthegateoftheschool.Nobody

wantstogothere.Everythinggoesverywell.單項(xiàng)選擇Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_____savedforotherpurposes.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereD句意：工廠用了65%的原材料，其余的節(jié)省下來(lái)作其他的用途。解析：由主句可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Therestofwhich中的which指代的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞materials，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。正確答案為D。2.主謂一致的特殊情況4表示數(shù)目、時(shí)間、金額、距離、路程、書名、國(guó)名、報(bào)刊名稱等的名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Twohoursisenoughforustofinishtheexperiment.Tendollarsis

toocheapforthispairofshoes.Twohundredmilesisalongdistance.TheUnitedStatesisadevelopedcountry.TheNewYorkTimes

isanAmericandailynewspaperpublishedinNewYorkCity.2.主謂一致的特殊情況5作主語(yǔ)的集體名詞作為一個(gè)整體看待時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)；若就其中各個(gè)成員來(lái)考慮，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。例Thecommittee

wasmadeupof10members.Thecommittee

wereinthehall.Myfamily

hasmovedintothenewhouse.Myfamily

enjoysportsandgames.強(qiáng)調(diào)整體強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員強(qiáng)調(diào)整體強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員2.主謂一致的特殊情況6一個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的并列主語(yǔ)由and連接時(shí)，如果表示不同概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果表示同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。后一種情況只在第一個(gè)名詞前加修飾語(yǔ)。例Thesingerandthedancer

comefromGuangxi.Thesingeranddancer

comesfromGuangxi.Thetenthandthelastchapter

are

difficulttounderstand.Thetenthandlastchapter

isdifficulttounderstand.兩個(gè)人同一個(gè)人兩章同一章單項(xiàng)選擇Apoetandartist_____comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.wereA句意：一個(gè)詩(shī)人兼藝術(shù)家明天下午將來(lái)給我們講中國(guó)文字和繪畫。解析：此題考查and連接兩個(gè)名詞指一個(gè)人，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)的用法。從句中只有一個(gè)不定冠詞a得知是一個(gè)人，并非兩個(gè)人，又因時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為將來(lái)時(shí)，所以正確答案為A。2.主謂一致的特殊情況7none作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。noneof短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果of之后為復(fù)數(shù)概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)都可以；如果of之后為單數(shù)概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例None

knows/knowagreatdealaboutthisexperiment.None

has/havebeenfound.Noneoftheapplesis/aregood.Noneoftheappleisgood.Noneofthemilkisfresh.2.主謂一致的特殊情況8代詞what,who,which,any,all,most,more等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)主要由它們所代替的名詞的數(shù)決定。例What

iswrongwithyou?What

arethenamesofthem?Hewho

laughsthelastlaughsthebest.Allthatglittersisnotgold.Allofthestudentshaveseenthefilm.Allofhissparetimewasspentinreading.Mostofhermoneyisspentonclothes.2.主謂一致的特殊情況9people,police,cattle等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。例Thecattlearegrazingneartheriver.Thepeopleinthecityareveryfriendly.Thepolicearesearchingforthemurderer.2.主謂一致的特殊情況10不定代詞each,

every,

no所修飾的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞即使以and或逗號(hào)連接成多個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。例Eachboyandeachgirlwantstoservethepeopleinthefuture.Everymanandwomanattendsthemeeting.Noboyandnogirllikeshiminhisclass.2.主謂一致的特殊情況11morethanone,manya短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，盡管意義上是復(fù)數(shù)，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用單數(shù)。例Morethanonestudentshastried.Manyastudentandteacheriswatchingthefootballmatch.2.主謂一致的特殊情況12“therebe+并列主語(yǔ)”和“herebe+并列主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語(yǔ)形式一般應(yīng)與并列主語(yǔ)中的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)的數(shù)一致。例Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.Therearesomebooksandapenonthedesk.Atthattimetherewasonlyateacherandastudentintheroom.Hereisaletterandabookforyou.單項(xiàng)選擇Ofthemakingofgoodbooksthereisnoend;neither_____anyendtotheirinfluenceonman’slives.A.thereisB.thereareC.isthereD.arethereC句意：做好書無(wú)止境，它們對(duì)人類生活的影響也是無(wú)止境的。解析：neither位于句首，句子應(yīng)進(jìn)行部分倒裝。Therebe的主語(yǔ)是anyend。前半句的正常語(yǔ)序是：Thereisnoendofthemakingofgoodbooks.正確答案為C。2.主謂一致的特殊情況13“the+形容詞/過(guò)去分詞”這一表示一類人的結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例Theyoungarerequiredtorespecttheold.Theoldaretakengoodcareofinourcountry.Thegoodinhimoutweighsthebad.2.主謂一致的特殊情況14在”oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which定語(yǔ)從句”中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的數(shù)一致而不是與one一致，從句的動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。但是當(dāng)one之前有the(only)修飾，從句的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例Thisisoneofthemostinterestingquestionsthat

havebeenasked.Shewastheonlyoneofthegirlswho

waslateforthemeeting.2.主謂一致的特殊情況15分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)常與其后of短語(yǔ)的數(shù)一致。of后表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；of后表示單數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。例Three-fifthsoftheworkersherearewomen.Sixtypercentofhismoneywasspentonbooks.單項(xiàng)選擇Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsinthearea_______.A.needrepairingB.needstorepairC.needsrepairingD.needtorepairA句意：嚴(yán)重的洪災(zāi)的結(jié)果是這個(gè)地區(qū)三分之二的建筑物需要修繕。解析：分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞或代詞時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)的形式與其后的名詞或代詞一致，又因?yàn)閚eeddoing=needtobedone,表示“某事需要被做”，主語(yǔ)是某物。正確答案為A。單項(xiàng)選擇______ofthelandinthedistrict_____coveredwithtreesandgrass.A.Twofifth;isB.Twofifth;areC.Twofifths;isD.Twofifths;areC句意：這個(gè)地區(qū)五分之二的地區(qū)覆蓋著樹和草。解析：分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與of后的名詞或代詞一致，本題應(yīng)與land一致。正確答案為C。2.主謂一致的特殊情況16單個(gè)的不定式短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)、主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；但并列的此類結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例Toseeistobelieve.Raisingpigsisherjob.Whetherhewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.Listening,speaking,readingandwritingareallimportantinlearningEnglish.2.主謂一致的特殊情況17glasses,trousers,clothes,shoes,chopsticks,compasses,scissors等作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。但如果名詞前帶有kindof,pieceof,pairof,sortof,typeof等修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)視king,piece,pair,sort,type等的數(shù)來(lái)定。例Histrousersarewornout.Apairofshoeswasinthebox.Thereare

twopiecesofpaperonthefloor.2.主謂一致的特殊情況18“thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind（這種書）”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)?！皌his

kind

of

men

(這種人)”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)?！眛hesekindofmen=menofthiskind這種人”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。allkindsof后跟復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例Thiskindofbookisofgreatvalue.Thesekindofbooksareveryexpensive.Thiskindofmenisdangerous.Thesekindofmenaredangerous.2.主謂一致的特殊情況19partof短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)跟of后面的名詞的數(shù)一致。of后為復(fù)數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)；of后為單數(shù)概念，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。partsof短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例Partofthebookshavearrivedinthisafternoon.Partofhismoneywasspentonsmoking.Partsofthebookareinteresting.2.主謂一致的特殊情況20population作主語(yǔ)，如指人口數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；如指成員等，謂語(yǔ)通常用復(fù)數(shù)?！胺?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+ofthepopulation”短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例Thepopulationofthevillageis538.Onethirdofthepopulationhereareworkers.2.主謂一致的特殊情況21“theOlympicGames(奧運(yùn)會(huì))”“theAsianGames(亞運(yùn)會(huì))”作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例TheOlympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears.2.主謂一致的特殊情況22few,afew,fewof,afewof,both,bothof,both…and,many,scoresof,dozensof,agreatmany,agoodmany等結(jié)構(gòu)通常修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞，它們作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。例Fewofthemhavepassedtheexam.Dozensofrabbitswerepottedbythem.Agoodmanystudentshavetried.2.主謂一致的特殊情況23little,abitof,alittle,much,agood/greatdealof,anamountof等通常修飾不可數(shù)名詞，它們作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。例Muchhomeworkhastobedonethisafternoon.Agreatdealofmoneywaswastedontheproject.2.主謂一致的特殊情況24alotof,lotsof,plentyof,enough,heapsof,massesof,amassof,alarge/smallquantityof等短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)視of后的而定。of后接不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)；of后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。例Amassofworkremainstobedone.Alotofproblemsweresettledatthemeetingyesterday.單項(xiàng)選擇Theyoungdancerslookedsocharmingintheirbeautifulclothesthatwetook____picturesofthem.A.m