郵輪烹飪英語PartTwo

GalleyFacilitiesUnit1ChineseCookingUtensils

■I.Preamble■II.Warm-up■III.PracticalProcess■IV.ExercisesObjectives:Tohelpthestudentslearnthenewwordsandexpressions.TohelpthestudentsfamiliarwithChinesecookingutensils.TohelpthestudentsmasterhowtouseChinesecookingutensils.Doyoulikecooking?DoyoulikeChinesefood?DoyoulikecookingChinesefood?WhenyoucookChinesefood,youmustneedsomeChinesecookingUtensils,suchasawok,bamboosteamers,Chinesespatula,claypot,andChinesecleaver.SomeofthecookingutensilsinChinesearethesameasintheWest.Othersarequitedifferent.ThisunitiscreatedtomakeyouhaveabetterunderstandingoftheutensilsusedinatypicalChinesekitchenandhelpyoucookwell.PreambleWarm-upwok

Chinesespatula

Chinesecleaver

bamboosteamer

choppingboard

claypot

skimmerspoon

pressurecooker

rollingpin

longwoodenchopsticks

steamstand

PracticalProcessWordsandExpressions1.wok/w?k/n.鍋，炒菜鍋2.shallow/'??l??/adj.淺的3.domed

/d??md/adj.半球形的；有穹頂?shù)?.lid

/l?d/n.蓋子；眼瞼5.spatula/?sp?t??l?/

n.（調(diào)和、涂抹用）抹刀，小鏟6.implement/'?mpl?m(?)nt/

n.工具，器具7.sturdy土豆泥(mashedpotato)/?st??di/adj.結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的8.scrape/skre?p/v.用工具刮9.flick/fl?k/

n.快速翻炒(quickfry)10.porridge/?p??r?d?/n.粥，糊；麥片粥11.preference/?prefr?ns/n.偏愛，傾向；優(yōu)先權(quán)12.dumpling/?d?mpl??/n.湯團(tuán)；面團(tuán)；餃子；水果布丁13.impressive/?m?pres?v/adj.感人的；令人欽佩的；給人以深刻印象的14.bubble/?b?bl/n.氣泡，泡沫v.沸騰，冒泡；發(fā)出氣泡聲15.stove

/st??v/n.火爐；窯；溫室16.submerged/s?b?m??d?d/

adj.水下的，在水中的17.encounter/?n?ka?nt?r/v.遭遇；邂逅；遇到ExercisesI.Answerthefollowingquestions.1.CanyounamesomeChinesecookingutensils?2.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyouuseaclayorearthenpot?3.Giveabriefintroductionabouthowtousebamboosteamer.AB1steamstand

a.電飯鍋2longwoodenchopsticks

b.中式菜刀3choppingboard

c.高壓鍋4Chinesecleaver

d.

蒸架5automaticricecooker

e.砧板；切菜板6pressurecooker

f.長筷子II.Matchthecorrectwords.III.Readingthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions.TheChopsticks

ChopstickshavebeenusedaskeyeatingutensilsinChinaforcenturies.Infact,chopstickswerefirstinventedinancientChinabeforetheirusespreadtootherEastAsiancountries,includingJapanandKorea.TheiruselaterspreadfurthertoplaceslikeVietnam,Thailand,Malaysia,Indonesia,andPhilippinesthroughChineseimmigrantswhosettledthereandChina’sgrowingculturalinfluenceintheregion.Theearliestevidenceofchopstickssuggeststhattheywerelikelyusedascookingandperhapsservinginstrumentsratherthanprimaryeatingutensils,butovertime,chopsticks—alongwiththespoon—becamemust-havesattheChinesedinnertable.TypesofChopsticksChopsticksareshaped,equal-lengthpairsofsticksthathavebeensmoothedandcommonlytaperedwiththethinnestendsusedforpickinguppiecesoffood.ThoughmostAmericansarefamiliarwiththewoodenorevenplasticchopsticksofferedattheirfavoriteAsianrestaurants,chopstickshavehistoricallybeenmadefromavarietyofmaterialsincludingbambooandstainlesssteel.Theyhavealsobeenfashionedfromjade,porcelain,andevengold.Thestyleofchopsticksvariesfromcountrytocountry,withdifferentpreferencesforlengthsandshapes.InChina,peopletendtopreferlongerandthickerstylesupto25centimeters(9.8inches)long.UsageAccordingtoChineseEtiquetteAsinmanycultures,properdinnertableetiquetteisoftheutmostimportancetotheChinese.Whiletherearemanybasicchopsticketiquetterulesandcommonproceduresforpoliteness,learningtousechopsticksproperlyisoneofthemostimportant.Belowaresometipsandsimplestepsexplaininghowtousechopsticks.HowtoUseChopsticksIfpossible,usewoodorbamboochopsticks.Plasticchopsticksaremoreslipperyandhardertohold.

Alwaysgrabthechopsticksinthemiddle,makingsurethattheendsareevenanddonotcross.Pickupachopstickandholditsothatit'srestingcomfortably?betweenthetipofyourfourthfinger(theringfinger)andthehollowgapbetweenyourthumbandindexfinger.Keepthefourthfingerstraight.Thiswillbethebottomchopstick.Nowpickuptheotherchopstickandplaceitontop,firmlybetweenthetipsofyourthumb,indexandmiddlefingers.Theindexandmiddlefingersshouldbecurled.Note:Childrenoftenfinditeasiertoholdchopsticksnearerthebottominsteadofinthemiddle.Wheneating,alwayskeepthebottomchopstickstationaryandusethetopchopsticktomaneuverandpickupfood.Topickupfood,straightenyourindexandmiddlefingersasmuchasneededtomovethetopchopstickoutward.Grabthefood,thenbringthechopstickstogetherbycurlingyourindexandmiddlefingers.Thebasicideaistousethechopstickasapivot,withthethumbbeingtheaxle.Liftthefooduptoyourmouth,leaningoverifnecessary.Forfoodscontainingbones(suchaschicken),holdthefoodwiththechopsticksandeataroundthebone.

1.Whereisthechopstickfirstinvented?

2.Canyounamesometypesofchopsticks?3.Howtousechopsticks?Introducetoyourforeignfriendshowtousechopstickswiththehelpofthefollowinginstructions.Astheyareinawrongorder,pleasere-arrangetheminaproperorder.()A.Placethefirstchopstickinthehollowbetweenthumbandindexfingerandrestitslowerendbelowthefirstjointofthethirdfinger.Thischopstickremainsstationary.B.Topickupthings,movetheupperchopstickwithindexandmiddlefingers.C.Afteralittlepractice,youwillbeabletousechopstickslikeanexpert.D.Holdtheotherchopstickbetweenthetipsoftheindexandmiddlefingers,steadyitsupperhalfagainstthebaseoftheindexfinger,andusethetipsofthethumbtokeepitinplace.Questions:Suchas:CookingPots鍋：wokpressurecookerbamboosteamerKnivesandtools刀具及其他器具M(jìn)etalWokSpatulaChinesecleaverskimmerspoonIV.DiscussandwritedownmorenamesofChinesecookingutensilsbygroup.Unit2WesternCookingUtensils

■I.Preamble■II.Warm-up■III.PracticalProcess■IV.ExercisesObjectives:Tohelpthestudentslearnthenewwordsandexpressions.Tohelpthestudentsfamiliarwithwesterncookingutensils.Tohelpthestudentsmasterhowtousewesterncookingutensils.Everykitchenneedsthemostcrucialkitchentoolstomakecooking,baking,cleanup,andstorageabreeze.Withouttherightkitchengadgetsandtools,eventhesimplestoftaskslikestrainingpastaormeasuringoutdryingredientscanbeimpossible.Youneedsomebasicequipmenttostartcooking—essentialitemsforworkinginthekitchen.Inthisunit,wewilllearnsomethingaboutwesterncookingutensils,includingpots,pans,andothertoolsthatnohomecookshouldbewithout.PreambleWarm-upstockpot

saucepot

saucepan

fryingpan

chef’sknife

cakeknife

bakingoven

salamanderoven

juicesqueezer

eggbeater

blender

PracticalProcessAHistoryofWesternDiningUtensils

Theforkisarelativelynewinvention.AlthoughthefirstforkswereusedinancientEgypt,GreeceandRome,thetwo-tinedinstrumentswereusedonlyascookingtoolsatthetime.Itwasn'tuntiltheMiddleAgesthatasmallerversionwasusedforeatingbywealthyfamiliesoftheMiddleEastandByzantineEmpire.Spoons,bycontrast,havebeenusedaseatingutensilssincePaleolithictimes.AccordingtoanonlinegalleryoffoodtechnologyattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences,prehistoricpeopleusedshellsorchipsofwoodforspoons.Theancientwordsforspoonsuggestwhichmaterialswereusedindifferentareas:theGreekandLatinwordsarederivedfromcochlea,meaningaspiralshell,whiletheAnglo-Saxonwordspoonmeansachipofwood.BytheMiddleAges,royaltyandotherwealthypeopleusedspoonsmadefrompreciousmetals.Inthe14thcenturypewterbecamecommonlyused,makingspoonsaffordabletothegeneralpopulation.Kniveshavealsobeenused,notonlyforeatingbutastoolsandweapons,sinceprehistorictimes.Becauseoftheirpotentiallyviolentuse(andpossiblybecauseCardinalRichelieu,theking'schiefminister,founditdisgustingwhendinersusedthepointoftheirknivestocleantheirteeth),KingLouisXIVofFrancedecreedin1669thatknivesbroughttothedinnertablehaveaground-downpoint.ThismayhavecontributedtothedifferenceinhowAmericansandEuropeansusetheirsilverware.WordsandExpressions1.instrument/??nstr?m?nt/n.儀器；工具；樂器；手段；器械2.ByzantineEmpire/ba??z?nta?n/拜占庭帝國（即東羅馬帝國，395～1453，在歐洲東南部和亞洲西南部，由羅馬帝國分裂而成）3.bycontrast

相比之下；與之相比4.Paleolithictimes/,p?l???'l?θ?k/

舊石器時(shí)代5.technology/tek?n?l?d?i/

n.技術(shù)；工藝；術(shù)語6.prehistoric/?pri?h??st?r?k/

adj.史前的；陳舊的7.shell/?el/n.殼，貝殼；炮彈；外形8.bederivedfrom/d?'ra?vd/來自，源自于；從…而產(chǎn)生出來的；由…得到9.cochlea/?k?kli?/

n.[解剖]耳蝸10.spiral/?spa?r?l/n.螺旋；旋渦；螺旋形之物11.Anglo-Saxon/???ɡl???s?ksn/n.盎格魯-撒克遜12.pewter/?pju?t?(r)/n.白蠟；青灰色13.potentially/p??ten??li/adv.可能地，潛在地14.minister/?m?n?st?(r)/n.部長；大臣；牧師15.disgusting

/d?s?ɡ?st??/adj.令人厭惡的16.decree/d??kri?/

v.命令；頒布；注定；判決17.ground-down碾碎，磨碎ExercisesI.Choosetherightwords.bederivedfromcommonlybycontrastrelativelypreciouscontributetobecauseofwealthy1.Iamnotgoodatexpressingmyself._______,Iambetteratthinkingindeed.2.IhopeIcan_______yourteam.3.Thebesteducationshouldnotbeavailableonlytothe_______.4.Thepopularterm“soccer”isthoughtto_______“association”.5.Thedogwaspanting_______thehotweather.6.Sweetpotatopie,_______eatenonThanksgiving,canbringaboutanostalgicexperience.7.Allthistookupmuchofmy_______time.8.Ithinkthere'sa_______simplesolutiontothisissue.II.Matchthecorrectwords.AB1microwaveoven

a.

冰箱2refrigerator

b.秤3electriccooker

c.微波爐4bakingoven

d.

烤箱5steelyard

e.量勺6measuringspoon

f.電灶I(lǐng)II.Readingthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestions.WhatisaLadle

?Aladleisatypeofspoonwithaverydeepbowlwhichisdesignedtobeusedtoservesoups,sauces,andotherhighlyliquidfoods.Anumberofdifferentladledesignscanbefoundinakitchensupplystore,oftenmadeinavarietyofmaterialsfrom

bamboo

to

stainlesssteel.Aladleisausefultooltohavearoundthekitchen,especiallyinhouseholdswhichworkwithalotofsoups,stews,andsauces.Typically,thehandleofaladleislong,sothatpeoplecandipitintoadeeppotorbowl.Thespoonsectionoftheladlemaybeorientedatanangletomakedippingandservingeasier,andsomeladlesalsohavesmalllipstopourfluidswithoutdripping.Anallpurposeladleusuallyhasaroundbowlaboutthesizeofasmallclosedfist;therearenumerousvariationsonthedesignfordifferentfoods.Condiment

ladles,forexample,areminiaturizedversionsofladleswhichcanbeleftincondimentjarssothatpeoplecanservethemselves.Theseladlesareoftenusedatlargedinners,andtheycanbeseeninself-servefoodlinesaswell,toencouragepeopletousetheladlesratherthantheirownspoons.Sauceandsoupladlesfollowthebasicdesign,buttheycomeinarangeofsizesfromsmalltolargetomeetvaryingneeds;ideally,afullladlecomesclosetoasingleservingofthefoodinquestion.A

spaghetti

ladleisaladlewhichlookslikeithasbeencrossedwithafork;insteadofabowl,ithasaseriesoftineswhicharedesignedtograbandholdthreadsofpastaforserving.Skimmingladles,ontheotherhand,havelargeshallowbowlswhichcanbelightlyskimmedacrosssoupsandotherdishestoremoveimpurities.Someski