第第頁廣東省廣州市花都區(qū)2024-2025學年八年級上學期期末考試英語試題一、語法選擇（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從1~15各題所給的A，B，Ｃ和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Chinahasarichfoodculture.TherearesomeinterestingstoriesbehindChinesefood,aswellasthetoolsweusetoeat.HotpotHotpot1．popularamongChinesepeopleforalongtime.As2．asintheShangDynasty,peoplecookedfoodsinbronzecauldrons(青銅鼎).Thecauldronhadtwoparts—onewasthepottocookfoodsinsoup,and3．partwasaspaceinsidethecauldrontoholdfire.YuanMeiwas4．famouspoetandfoodloverintheQingDynasty.He5．hotpot"huoguo".Atthattime,hotpotswereverypopular.People6．putallkindsofmeatandvegetablesintothehotpot.Theyalsouseddifferentthings7．pots.DongpoporkThereisafamousChinesedishcalled"Dongpopork".Doesithave8．todowiththegreatpoetSuDongpo?Yes.SuDongpowasapoetwholivedduringtheSongDynasty.Hewas9．persontomakethisdish.10．hewasalocalofficialinHubei,hefellinlovewithcookingporkandhecouldcook11．thananyotherpeople.ChopsticksWhataretheDosandDon'tsofusingchopsticks?ForChinesepeople,chopsticksarenotjustsimpletoolstopickupfood.Theycomewith12．ownspecialrulesandtraditions.Forexample,peopleshouldn'tmakenoisewithchopsticks.Playingwithchopsticksisrude.Therearealsosomebeliefsabout13．chopsticks.Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatweshouldn'tputthechopsticksupright14．abowl.Itlooksliketheincense(香)thatChinesepeopleusetorespectthedeadpeople,15．doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck.1．A．was B．were C．hasbeen D．havebeen2．A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．theearliest3．A．other B．theother C．theothers D．another4．A．a B．an C．the D．/5．A．name B．names C．named D．isnaming6．A．could B．should C．must D．need7．A．make B．making C．tomaking D．tomake8．A．nothing B．everything C．something D．anything9．A．one B．thefirst C．first D．firstly10．A．When B．Although C．Unless D．Because11．A．good B．well C．better D．best12．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs13．A．use B．using C．used D．touse14．A．in B．of C．with D．for15．A．yet B．or C．but D．and二、完形填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~10各題所給的Ａ，B，C和D項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。TheThreeKingdomsinancientChinaisatimeofwarsandpolitics.Duringthattime,therewasa16．mannamedZhugeLiang,alsoknownasKongming.HeworkedforLiuBei.Oneday,ZhugeLiangfacedanew17．.Zhuge'ssupportwasstillfaraway,butSimaYi'sarmywasgetting18．toWestCity.Theydidn'thaveenoughtimetogetreadyforthecomingwar.Suddenly,ZhugeLianghadanidea.ZhugeLiangsentseveral19．toWestCity.Hetoldthemtoopenthecitygatesandsentthemtocleantheroads.Themencouldn't20．whyZhugeLiangaskedthemtodoso,butZhugetoldthemnottobeworried.Then,Zhugehimselfwentupthecitywallandbegantoplayhisfavouritemusicthere.PeopletoldSimaYi'sarmythatWestCitywasempty.However,whentheysawtheopengates,21．streets,andonlyafewoldsoldiersworkingascleaners,theycouldn'tbelievethatitwastrueanddecidednotto22．thecity.Zhugesaid,"ThecityisemptyandIhavealreadybeenreadytowelcomeallofyou."SimaYibelieveditwasa23．.Hesaidtohimself,"ZhugeLianghasnevermadeanyunsureplansinhislifeandIcouldn't24．believehiswords."Finally,SimaYi'sarmystayedmilesawayoutsideWestCity.Later,ZhaoYunarrived,ZhugeLiangsenthimtoprotecttheWestCity.SimaYi'sdidn'tknowthat,hewentbackforthesecondtime.There,SimaYihadafightwithZhaoYunandhefinally25．thewar.Whenhefinallylearnedwhathappened,herealizedhismistakeandleftthearea.16．A．shy B．wise C．silly D．stupid17．A．success B．host C．challenge D．captain18．A．huger B．richer C．nearer D．tinier19．A．soldiers B．scientists C．cleaners D．musicians20．A．check B．introduce C．develop D．understand21．A．small B．similar C．noisy D．empty22．A．enter B．hide C．leave D．check23．A．trick B．prize C．war D．cycle24．A．hardly B．easily C．correctly D．confidently25．A．operated B．celebrated C．chose D．lost三、(A)InSeptember,ChengduNo.1MiddleSchoolinSichuanheldaspecialactivity.Theyaskedstudentstosharethestoriesoftheirfamilyheirlooms(傳家寶).Over300studentstookpartinit,bringingtheirheirloomstoschoolandtellingthestoriesbehindthem.Oneofthestudents,14-year-oldSongZhengchen,sharedhisfamily'sheirloom—acassetteradio.Hisgrandmotherboughttheradiointhe1980stolistentothenews.Later,hismotherusedittoplaymusictapes.WhenSongwasyounger,hismotherwouldoftenplayoldpoemsforhimontheradio."Today,wehavemanynewadvancedmusicplayers.Butwestillkeepthisradiobecauseitholdsbeautifulmemoriesofmyfamily."Songsaid.Anotherstudent,XiaoYao,also14,wonthefirstprizeintheactivity.Herheirloomsweresomefoodcoupons(糧票)fromhergrandmother.Thesecouponswereusedduringatimewhenfoodwasscarce.Inthepast,familiescouldonlybuyalimitedamountoffoodeachmonth,andevenricerequiredafoodcoupon.Xiaowasamazedwhenhergrandmothertoldherstoriesaboutthisdifficulttime."Mygrandmawantsmetobethankfulforwhatwehavetodayandtoworkhardforabetterfuture."Xiaoexplained.Theheirloomstoriessharedbythestudentsreflecttherichhistoryandbeautifulmemoriesoftheirfamilies.Theseitemsconnectthemtotheirpastandremindthemofthehardshipstheirancestorsfaced.Throughthesestories,wehopethestudentswillcarryongoodfamilytraditions,appreciate(欣賞)theirfamilyhistory,andcontinuetoworkhardfortheirfuture.Byrememberingthepast,theycanhelpbuildabettertomorrowforthemselves,theirfamilies,andtheircountry.26．WhatdidSongZhengchenbringtoshowintheschoolactivity?A．Acassetteradio. B．Musictapes.C．Anoldpoem. D．Foodcoupons.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"scarce"inparagraph3mean?A．Expensive. B．Traditional.C．Notenough. D．Notdifficulttoget.28．AccordingtoXiaoYao,whatishergrandmother'shopeforher?A．TostudythehistoryoffoodshortagesinChina.B．Toshareherheirloomstorieswithothersatschool.C．Tokeepthefoodcouponssafeforfuturegenerations.D．Tobethankfulandworkhardforthefuture.29．Whatisthestructureofthearticle?A． B．C． D．四、(B)TheChina'sDream——ExploringtheSkyChina'sspaceprogramhasmadegreatprogresstheseyears.Thecountryhasbecomealeaderinspacescienceandtechnology.ThisarticlewilltalkaboutsomeofChina'sspaceachievementsandtheC919,apassengerplanemadeinChina.Chinastartedworkingonspacetechnologyinthe1950s.In1970,Chinasentitsfirstobjectintospace,calledDongFangHong1.ThismadeChinathefifthcountrytosendsomethingintospace.ItwasabigstepforChina'sspaceprogram.Thirty-threeyearslater,YangLiweibecamethefirstChineseastronauttogointospaceontheShenzhou5spacecraft.ThismadeChinathethirdcountry,afterRussiaandtheUnitedStates,tosendapersonintospace.In2021,ChinalaunchedtheTiangongspacestation.Itisalabinspacewhereastronautscanliveanddoexperiments.ThisspacestationisveryimportantforChina'sspaceresearch.ChinahasalsosentmissionstotheMoonandMars.In2013,theChang'e3missionlandedontheMoon,andin2021,theTianwen1missionsenttheZhurongrovertoMars.TheseachievementsshowthatChinaisverygoodatexploringspace.Chinahasalsomadeitsownairplanes.TheC919isalargepassengerplanemadebyCOMAC.Itcancarry158to174peopleandflyupto4,075kilometers.TheplanewillcompetewithBoeing737andAirbusA320.Itischeaperanduseslessfuel,whichhelpsairlinessavemoney.ThefirstC919wasdeliveredin2022,andover1,200planeshavebeenordered.ThisshowsChinaisimprovinginbuildingairplanesandstartingtosellthemaroundtheworld.China'sspaceprogramandairplaneindustryaresuretobenefitoneanotherinthefuture.Withongoingresearchandprojects,Chinawillcontinuetocontributetotheworld.30．WhendidChinasendthefirstastronautintospace?A．In1950. B．In1970. C．In2003. D．In2021.31．WhyistheTiangongspacestationimportant?A．ItcarriedtheZhurongrovertoMars.B．ItwasChina'sfirstmissiontotheMoon.C．ItwasChina'sfirstobjectsentintospace.D．Itallowsastronautstoliveandworkinspace.32．WhichofthefollowingstatementsareTRUEaboutC919accordingtothearticle?①TheC919isproducedbyaChinesecompanynamedCOMAC.②TheC919madeChinathefifthcountrytosendsomethingintospace.③Theplanecanhold166passengersandtravelupto4075kilometers.④TheC919isdesignedtocompetewithplanesliketheBoeing737andAirbusA320.A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④五、(C)ByDanHeng|china|Updated:2024-07-30PanZhanleisayoungandtalentedswimmerfromChina,knownforhisgreatperformancesininternationalgames.AccordingtoreportsfromBBC,CNN,andChinaDaily,Panhasquicklybecomearisingstarintheswimmingworld.Pan'sbreakthroughmomentcameatthe2023WorldSwimmingChampionships,wherehewonamedalinthemen's100-meterfreestyleevent.Hispowerfulstrokesandspeedmadehimstandout,andhissuccesswasnotonlybecauseofhisyoungage,butalsohisdedication(全身心投入)."I'veworkedsohardforthismoment.Itfeelsamazingtoseemyeffortpayoff,"Pansaidaftertherace.Hissuccessshowedthatheisaseriouscompetitorontheworldstage.Pan'sachievementsaretheresultofhardworkanddedication.Hetrainshardeveryday,focusingonskillsandstrength."Swimmingisnotjustaboutspeed;it'saboutfeelingthewaterandusingittoyouradvantage,"Pansharedinaninterview.Hiscoachhashelpedhimimprovehisstaminaandskills,whichhasbeenthekeytohissuccess.Inadditiontohisswimmingskills,Panisknownforhisstrongworkethic.Healwayspusheshimselftoimproveandisaninspiration(激勵)tootheryoungathletes.CNNreportedthatPanwantstoshowothersthatwithdedication,anythingispossible."Iwanttoencourageotherstofollowtheirdreams,"hesaid.Lookingahead,PanispreparingfortheParis2024Olympics.Expertsbelievehecouldbecomeoneoftheworld'stopswimmers."TheOlympicsaremynextgoal.Iwillkeepworkinghard."Pansaid.Withhistalentanddetermination,heissuretoachieveevengreaterthingsinthefuture.33．WhatmadePanZhanlestandoutatthe2023WorldSwimmingChampionships?A．Hisswimmingpowerandhardwork.B．Hisfeelingofwater.C．Hisclosefriendshipwithhiscoach.D．Hisfocusonskillsoverspeed.34．WhyisPanZhanleseenasaninspirationtoothers?A．Hiscoachhashelpedhimimprovehisskills.B．Hehasbecomeoneoftheworld'stopswimmers.C．HeisalreadypreparingfortheParis2024Olympics.D．Heshowsthathardworkcanleadtogreatachievements.35．InwhatorderdidthefollowinghappeninPanZhanle'scareer?a.Hecompetedinthemen's100-meterfreestylein2023.b.Panbegantrainingwithhiscoachtoimprovehisstamina.c.HesethisgoaltocompeteintheParis2024Olympics.d.Panbecameknownasarisingstarintheswimmingworld.A．b→d→c→a B．b→a→d→c C．a→d→c→b D．a→c→b→d36．WhydoesthewritermentionPan'spreparationsfortheParis2024Olympics?A．TocomparehimtootherOlympicswimmers.B．Toexplainwhyheistrainingwithhiscoacheveryday.C．Toshowhisdedicationtobecomeatopswimmer.D．ToshowtheprizeshewonattheWorldChampionships.六、(D)LuBan:TheInventorLuBan,afamousChinesecraftsmanfrom2,500yearsago,isknownas"China'sfatherofcarpentry."Hecreatedmanytoolslikethesaw,theplane(木工刨),andtheinkline.LuBanalsoinventedtheLubanlocktotesthisson'sskills.Hissonworkedonitallnightandfinallysolveditbymorning,showingitschallengeandfun.LuBan'sToolsLuBan'sinventionschangedwoodworking.Theplanehelpsmakesurfacesflatonhardwood.Theinkline,inspiredbythreads(線),helpsdrawstraightlines.Thesawisstrongenoughtocuthardwood.Once,LuBancuthishandonaleaf.Sohegottheideaofmakingatoolwithatoothededgewhichbecamethefirstsaw.Symbol(象征)ofLubanLocksIn2023,UNrepresentativeZhangJunusedtheLubanlocktosymbolizeteamwork.Heshowedthatifonepieceofthelockisremoved,thewholestructurefallsapart,highlightingtheimportanceofunity.CulturalHeritageToday,Lubanlocksarenotonlyfunpuzzlesbutalsoculturaltreasures.Tengzhou,Shandongprovince,LuBan'sbirthplace,isfamousformakingtheselocks.LuHao,alock-makingmaster,runsaworkshopwith10workerstokeepthecraftalive.In2023,theysold1.6millionlocksworldwide,earning33millionyuan.ModernLubanLocksTraditionalLubanlockshavesixpieces,butmoreadvancedonescanhaveover100.Thelargestlockevermade,in2023,had424pieces.LubanlocksshowthecreativityandintelligenceofChineseculture,combiningfunwithhistoryandskill.37．WhydidZhangJunusetheLubanlockattheUNin2023?A．ToshowChina'sadvancedcarpentryskills.B．Totelltheimportanceofunity.C．ToexplainthehistoryofLuBan'sinventions.D．TohighlightChinesewoodworkingtechniques.38．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A．LubanandLubanlocks. B．Luban,afamousman.C．TheSymbolofLubanlocks. D．TheModernLubanlocks.39．WhichpictureshowsLubanlockscorrectly?A． B．C． D．40．Wherecanweprobablyseethispassage?A．Sciencebook. B．Culturalmagazine.C．Report. D．Storybook.七、第二節(jié)閱讀填空（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀短文及文后A~E選項，選出可以填入各題空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Lastweek,LingnanMiddleSchoolhelditsannualEnglishWeek.Theeventwasfullofexcitingactivities.41．Theweekbeganwithagrandopeningceremony.42．Onthesecondday,studentstookpartinaspeechcompetition.Theytalkedabouttopicslikeenvironmentalprotection,futuretechnology,andculturalexchange.Thejudgeswereveryimpressedbytheirconfidenceandcreativity.Midweek,therewasadramaperformance.ThedramaclubputonashortplaybasedonaclassicEnglishstory.43．Anotherhighlightwastheinternationalfoodfair,wherestudentscouldtrydishesfromEnglish-speakingcountries.TheylearnedaboutfoodslikefishandchipsfromtheUKandhamburgersfromtheUSA.44．Studentsfromallgradesworkedinteamstoanswerquestionsaboutvocabulary,grammar,andculture.Itwasagreatwaytotesttheirknowledgeandteamworkskills.ManystudentssaidtheylearnedalotandfeltmoreconfidentusingEnglish.45．ItencouragesstudentstouseEnglishincreativeandfunways.A.TheweekendedwithanEnglishquiz.B.EnglishWeekisanimportanteventatLingnanMiddleSchool.C.Thisactivityhelpedstudentsimprovetheirspeakingskillswhilehavingfun.D.TheyhelpedstudentsimprovetheirEnglishskillsandlearnaboutdifferentcultures.E.Theceremonyincludedperformances,suchassingingEnglishsongsandrecitingpoems.八、第一節(jié)語篇填詞（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整單詞。LiMinghasneverbeentoanothercountry.Butthisyear,hegotac46．foraneducationalexchangeprograminBritain.Beforehewentthere,hehadlearnedalotaboutthel47．cultureofBritain.OnhisfirstdaytotheUK,hishostfamilywelcomedhimwarmlyandhewasg48．tobeaguestintheirhome.Atfirst,hehaddifficultyincommunicatingwithothersinEnglish.So,hishostfamilya49．himtotakepartinallkindsofactivitiesatschoolwithhisnewfriendstopractisehisoralEnglish.Besides,hewasgoodatplayingbasketball,sohehelpedhisteamtow50．agame.Astheweekspassed,LiMingrealizedhowmuchhehadgained.Sofar,hehasnotonlyimprovedhisEnglish,butalsohasmademanynewfriends.Inhisopinion,thisexchangevisitwasaspecialexperienceinhislife.九、根據(jù)所給的漢語內容，用英語完成下列句子。（每空限填一詞）51．Sarah期待參加即將到來的教育交流活動。Sarahpartinthecomingeducationalexchange.52．她認為這次交流將充滿挑戰(zhàn)，所以她感到有點緊張。Shethinksthattheexchangewillchallenge,soshefeelsabitnervous.53．為了解更多信息，她一直與她的中國網友保持聯(lián)系。Inordertogetmoreinformation,shealwayshere-friendsfromChina.54．她的朋友說："如果你不能很好地了解中國的文化，你在這次交流中可能會有些困難。"Herfriendsaid,"youknowChineseculturewell,youmayhavesometroubleduringtheexchange."55．最后，她決定通過上網查找一些有用的信息來為這次交流做準備。,shedecidedtogettheexchangebysearchingsomeusefulinformationontheInternet.十、第三節(jié)書面表達（共1題，滿分15分）56．隨著現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，家用機器人開始普及，給人們的生活帶來很多的便利。你知道的家用機器人有哪些呢？請和你朋友分享你所了解或你設想的家用機器人。注意：1.可在內容提示的基礎上適當拓展信息；2.詞數(shù)80詞左右（開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）；3.不得透露學校、姓名等任何個人信息，否則不予評分。TypeFunctionCommentCookingRobotdosomecooking,cleanupthekitchensmartgreenNursingRobottakecareofbabiesortheelderly,talkwith...make...notfeellonely,expensive...(請補充)…(請補充)…(請補充)HouseholdRobotWiththedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,householdrobotsarenowwidelyused.Therearemanykindsofhouseholdrobots.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．C；2．A；3．B；4．A；5．C；6．A；7．D；8．D；9．B；10．A；11．C；12．C；13．B；14．A；15．D【解析】【分析】本文主要介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)飲食文化背后的有趣故事以及與餐具有關的餐桌禮儀。

【點評】考查語法填空，注意結合上下文語境、固定搭配、語法知識（如時態(tài)、詞性、比較級、冠詞等）以及對文化背景的理解來解題。1．句意：火鍋在中國人中流行已久。was是，am和is的過去式；were是，are的過去式；hasbeen已經，三單形式；havebeen已經。根據(jù)"foralongtime"可知，此處應用現(xiàn)在完成時，主語為"Hotpot"，所以C項符合。故選C。2．句意：早在商代，人們就用青銅鼎做飯。early早些時候；earlier更早；earliest最早；theearliest最早。as…as"與……一樣"，原級比較，A項符合。故選A。3．句意：青銅鼎有兩部分——一部分是用來煮湯的鍋，另一部分是鍋內用來生火的空間。other其他的，后接名詞；theother另一個，通常用于兩者之間的特定一個；theothers其余的人或物；another另一個，用于三者或三者以上的另一個。根據(jù)"Thecauldronhadtwoparts—one…"可知，此處指兩者之間的另一個，B項符合。故選B。4．句意：袁枚是清代一位著名的詩人和美食愛好者。a不定冠詞，表泛指，用于以輔音音素開頭的單詞前；an不定冠詞，表泛指，用于以元音音素開頭的單詞前；the定冠詞，表特指；/零冠詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示泛指的含義，空后的"famous"是以輔音音素開頭的單詞，用a。故選A。5．句意：他將hotpot命名為"火鍋"。name命名，動詞原形；names命名，三單形式；named命名，過去式或過去分詞；isnaming正在命名。此處表示過去的事情，句子時態(tài)為一般過去時，C項符合。故選C。6．句意：人們能夠把各種各樣的肉和蔬菜放進火鍋里。could能夠；should應該；must必須；need需要。根據(jù)"People…putallkindsofmeatandvegetablesintothehotpot."的語境并結合選項可知，此處指人們能夠把各種各樣的肉和蔬菜放進火鍋里，A項符合。故選A。7．句意：他們還用不同的東西做鍋。make制作，動詞原形；making制作，現(xiàn)在分詞或動名詞；tomaking制作，介詞+動名詞；tomake制作，不定式。分析句子結構并結合語境可知，此處表示目的，應用不定式結構。故選D。8．句意：這和偉大的詩人蘇東坡有關嗎？nothing沒有什么；everything每件事；something某事，常用于肯定句；anything任何事情，常用于否定句或疑問句。根據(jù)"Doesithave…todowiththegreatpoetSuDongpo?"的語境可知，此處詢問東坡肉是否和蘇東坡有關，此句為疑問句，anything符合。故選D。9．句意：他是第一個做這道菜的人。one一；thefirst第一，the+序數(shù)詞；first第一；firstly首先。根據(jù)"Hewas…persontomakethisdish."的語境并結合常識及選項可知，蘇東坡是第一個做這道菜的人，應用序數(shù)詞first，序數(shù)詞前加定冠詞the。故選B。10．句意：當他還是湖北的一名地方官員時，他愛上了烹飪豬肉，而且他比任何人都做得更好。When當……時候；Although盡管；Unless除非；Because因為。根據(jù)"…h(huán)ewasalocalofficialinHubei,hefellinlovewithcookingporkandhecouldcook…thananyotherpeople."的語境可知，主從句動作同時發(fā)生，應用when引導時間狀語從句，句首首字母大寫。故選A。11．句意：當他還是湖北的一名地方官員時，他愛上了烹飪豬肉，而且他比任何人都會做得更好。good好的；well好；better更好；best最好。根據(jù)空后的"than"可知，此處用比較級形式。故選C。12．句意：它們有自己的特殊規(guī)則和傳統(tǒng)。they它/她/他們，人稱代詞主格；them它/她/他們，人稱代詞賓格；their它/她/他們的，形容詞性物主代詞；theirs它/她/他們的，名詞性物主代詞。one'sown"自己的"，是固定搭配。故選C。13．句意：也有一些關于使用筷子的信仰。use使用，動詞原形；using使用，動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞；used使用，過去式或過去分詞；touse使用，不定式。根據(jù)空前的介詞"about"可知，此處應用動名詞形式，作賓語。故選B。14．句意：例如，有些人認為我們不應該把筷子直立放在碗里。in在……里面；of……的；with和；for為了。根據(jù)"Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatweshouldn'tputthechopsticksupright…abowl."的語境及常識可知，不應該把筷子直立放在碗里，A項符合。故選A。15．句意：它看起來像是中國人用來祭拜死者的香，在餐桌上這樣做被認為會帶來厄運。yet然而；or或者；but但是；and和。根據(jù)"Itlooksliketheincense(香)thatChinesepeopleusetorespectthedeadpeople…doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck."的語境可知，此處表示并列關系，and符合。故選D。【答案】16．B；17．C；18．C；19．A；20．D；21．D；22．A；23．A；24．B；25．D【解析】【分析】本文講述了三國時期諸葛亮使用空城計智退司馬懿軍隊的故事。

【點評】考查完形填空，注意結合歷史背景知識、上下文邏輯關系、詞匯詞義辨析（如形容詞、名詞、動詞的語義匹配）來解題。16．句意：在那個時期，有一位名叫諸葛亮的智者，也被稱為孔明。shy害羞的；wise聰明的；silly愚蠢的；stupid愚蠢的。根據(jù)"namedZhugeLiang,alsoknownasKongming"并結合常識可知，諸葛亮很聰明。故選B。17．句意：有一天，諸葛亮面臨著一個新的挑戰(zhàn)。success成功；host東道主；challenge挑戰(zhàn)；captain船長。根據(jù)下文"Zhuge'ssupportwasstillfaraway,butSimaYi'sarmywasgetting…toWestCity."可知，支援還沒到，但是敵軍已經接近城池，所以應是一種挑戰(zhàn)。故選C。18．句意：諸葛的支援還很遙遠，司馬懿的軍隊卻越來越接近西城。huger更巨大的；richer更富有的；nearer更接近的；tinier更微小的。根據(jù)下文"Theydidn'thaveenoughtimetogetreadyforthecomingwar."以及下文講述司馬懿的軍隊到達西城后的故事可知，此處指司馬懿的軍隊卻越來越接近西城，C項符合。故選C。19．句意：諸葛亮派了幾個士兵到西城。soldiers士兵；scientists科學家；cleaners清潔工；musicians音樂家。根據(jù)下文"Hetoldthemtoopenthecitygatesandsentthemtocleantheroads."以及"onlyafewoldsoldiersworkingascleaners"可知，此處指派了幾個士兵到西城，打開城門，清理道路。故選A。20．句意：那些人不明白諸葛亮為什么要他們這樣做，但諸葛亮告訴他們不要擔心。check檢查；introduce介紹；develop發(fā)展；understand明白。根據(jù)"Themencouldn't…whyZhugeLiangaskedthemtodoso,butZhugetoldthemnottobeworried."的語境并結合選項可知，此處指這些士兵不知道諸葛亮這樣做的原因，但諸葛亮告訴他們不要擔心。故選D。21．句意：然而，當他們看到敞開的大門時，空蕩蕩的街道，只有幾個當清潔工的老兵，他們不敢相信這是真的，決定不進城。small小的；similar相似的；noisy吵鬧的；empty空的。根據(jù)"onlyafewoldsoldiersworkingascleaners"以及下文"Thecityisempty"可知，此處指街道上除了幾個當清潔工的老兵外，沒有其他人，D項符合。故選D。22．句意：然而，當他們看到敞開的大門時，空蕩蕩的街道，只有幾個當清潔工的老兵，他們不敢相信這是真的，決定不進城。enter進入；hide隱藏；leave離開；check檢查。根據(jù)下文"Finally,SimaYi'sarmystayedmilesawayoutsideWestCity."可知，他們沒有進城。故選A。23．句意：司馬懿認為這是一個詭計。trick詭計；prize獎；war戰(zhàn)爭；cycle循環(huán)。根據(jù)下文"Hesaidtohimself,‘ZhugeLianghasnevermadeanyunsureplansinhislifeandIcouldn't…believehiswords.'"可知，他不相信諸葛亮的話，應是認為這是一個詭計。故選A。24．句意：諸葛亮一生中從未有過不確定的計劃，我很難相信他的話。hardly幾乎不；easily容易地；correctly正確地；confidently自信地。根據(jù)"ZhugeLianghasnevermadeanyunsureplansinhislife"以及下文"Finally,SimaYi'sarmystayedmilesawayoutsideWestCity."可知，他們沒有進城，所以應是沒有相信諸葛亮說的話。故選B。25．句意：在那里，司馬懿與趙云打了一仗，最終他輸了。operated操作；celebrated慶祝；chose選擇；lost輸。根據(jù)下文"Whenhefinallylearnedwhathappened,herealizedhismistakeandleftthearea."可知，離開了這個地方，應是打仗輸了。故選D。【答案】26．A27．C28．D29．B【解析】【分析】本文講述了四川成都第一中學舉辦學生分享家庭傳家寶故事的活動，介紹了宋鄭辰的盒式收音機和肖瑤的糧票這兩個傳家寶的故事，以及這些故事所承載的家庭歷史、記憶和意義。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，做題時應先明確題目類型，細節(jié)題需定位原文關鍵信息，詞義猜測題要結合上下文語境推斷，文章結構題需梳理段落間的邏輯關系。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"Oneofthestudents,14-year-oldSongZhengchen,sharedhisfamily'sheirloom—acassetteradio."可知，宋鄭辰在學?；顒又姓故镜氖且慌_盒式收音機，故選A。27．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文中"Thesecouponswereusedduringatimewhenfoodwasscarce.Inthepast,familiescouldonlybuyalimitedamountoffoodeachmonth,andevenricerequiredafoodcoupon."可知，過去家庭每月只能購買有限的食物，甚至大米都需要糧票，說明當時食物"不足"，由此可推測"scarce"意為"Notenough"，故選C。28．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"Mygrandmawantsmetobethankfulforwhatwehavetodayandtoworkhardforabetterfuture."可知，肖瑤的奶奶希望她對現(xiàn)在擁有的心存感恩，并為更美好的未來努力奮斗，故選D。29．文章結構題。文章第一段總述成都一中舉辦學生分享傳家寶故事的活動；第二、三段分別講述宋鄭辰和肖瑤的傳家寶故事；第四段總結傳家寶故事的意義。結構為"總-分-總"，對應選項B，故選B?！敬鸢浮?0．C31．D32．C【解析】【分析】本文講述了中國在航天領域的諸多成就，包括東方紅一號、神舟五號、天宮空間站、嫦娥三號、天問一號任務以及中國自主研制的C919客機等，展現(xiàn)了中國在航天科技和航空領域的進步。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，做題時需仔細閱讀題干，明確考查點，然后在文中精準定位相關信息，逐一分析選項，注意區(qū)分細節(jié)的正誤，對于涉及數(shù)字、時間的題目要仔細計算和推理。30．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"In1970,Chinasentitsfirstobjectintospace...Thirty-threeyearslater,YangLiweibecamethefirstChineseastronauttogointospaceontheShenzhou5spacecraft."可知，1970年之后三十三年是2003年，中國將第一位宇航員送入太空，故選C。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"In2021,ChinalaunchedtheTiangongspacestation.Itisalabinspacewhereastronautscanliveanddoexperiments.ThisspacestationisveryimportantforChina'sspaceresearch."可知，天宮空間站重要是因為它允許宇航員在太空中生活和工作，故選D。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"TheC919isalargepassengerplanemadebyCOMAC.""Itcancarry158to174peopleandflyupto4,075kilometers.""TheplanewillcompetewithBoeing737andAirbusA320."可知，①③④表述正確；②中使中國成為第五個將物體送入太空的是東方紅一號，不是C919，故②錯誤，故選C?！敬鸢浮?3．A34．D35．B36．C【解析】【分析】本文講述了中國年輕有天賦的游泳運動員潘展樂在國際賽事中的出色表現(xiàn)、他的成功源于刻苦訓練和全身心投入，以及他對其他年輕運動員的激勵作用，還介紹了他為2024年巴黎奧運會做準備的情況。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，做題時要認真閱讀題干，明確考查類型，然后在文中精準定位相關信息，對于細節(jié)題要逐一比對選項和原文，對于推理題要結合上下文進行合理推斷，注意時間順序等邏輯關系。33．細節(jié)理解題。"Hispowerfulandspeedmadehimstandout,andhissuccesswasnotonlybecauseofhisyoungage,butalsohisdedication(全身心投入)."可知，潘展樂在2023年世界游泳錦標賽上脫穎而出是因為他游泳的力量和刻苦的訓練，故選A。34．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"CNNreportedthatPanwantstoshowothersthatwithdedication,anythingispossible.'Iwanttoencourageotherstofollowtheirdreams,'hesaid."可知，潘展樂被視為他人的激勵榜樣是因為他展現(xiàn)了努力工作可以帶來偉大成就，故選D。35．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內容，首先是潘展樂和教練一起訓練提高耐力（b），然后在2023年參加男子100米自由泳比賽（a），之后成為游泳界的新星（d），最后設定參加2024年巴黎奧運會的目標（c），順序為b→a→d→c，故選B。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中"Lookingahead,PanispreparingfortheParis2024Olympics.Expertsbelievehecouldbecomeoneoftheworld'stopswimmers.'TheOlympicsaremynextgoal.Iwillkeepworkinghard.'Pansaid."可知，作者提到潘展樂為2024年巴黎奧運會做準備是為了展示他成為頂級游泳運動員的決心，故選C?！敬鸢浮?7．B38．A39．C40．B【解析】【分析】本文講述了中國古代工匠魯班及其發(fā)明的魯班鎖，包括魯班鎖的象征意義、文化遺產價值以及現(xiàn)代發(fā)展等方面的內容。

【點評】考查閱讀理解，做題時要先明確題目類型，細節(jié)題需定位原文關鍵句，標題題要總結文章核心內容，推理題和出處題要結合文章主題和內容特點進行分析。37．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中"In2023,UNrepresentativeZhangJunusedtheLubanlocktosymbolizeteamwork.Heshowedthatifonepieceofthelockisremoved,thewholestructurefallsapart,highlightingtheimportanceofunity."可知，張軍在2023年聯(lián)合國使用魯班鎖是為了說明團結的重要性，故選B。38．標題選擇題。文章介紹了魯班這位工匠及其發(fā)明的魯班鎖，包括魯班鎖的象征意義、文化遺產價值和現(xiàn)代發(fā)展等內容，所以最佳標題是"LubanandLubanlocks"，故選A。39．推理判斷題。魯班鎖是一種益智puzzle，結合文中對魯班鎖的描述，選項C的圖片符合魯班鎖的特征，故選C。40．文章出處題。文章內容涉及魯班鎖的文化遺產、象征意義等文化相關內容，所以可能出現(xiàn)在文化雜志上，故選B。【答案】41．D；42．E；43．C；44．A；45．B【解析】【導語】選項翻譯：

A.這一周以一個英語小測試作為結束。

B.英語周是嶺南中學的一個重大事件。

C.這項活動有助于學生在玩樂的同時提高他們的口語能力。

D.它們有助于提高他們的英語技能和了解不同的文化。

E.開幕式包括演出，例如唱英語歌曲和背誦詩歌。本文講述了嶺南中學舉辦的年度英語周活動，介紹了開幕式、演講比賽、戲劇表演、國際美食節(jié)、英語知識競賽等活動，以及英語周對學生的意義。

【點評】考查閱讀還原，做題時要注意分析上下文語境，理解每段的主要內容，然后結合選項的語義，找到與上下文邏輯連貫的選項。41．根據(jù)上文"Lastweek,LingnanMiddleSchoolhelditsannualEnglishWeek.Theeventwasfullofexcitingactivities."可知，開頭總起介紹英語周的總體情況，結合下文可知，英語周活動讓學生學習英語技能的同時還能了解文化。選項D"它們有助于提高他們的英語技能和了解不同的文化。"符合語境。故選D。42．根據(jù)上文"Theweekbeganwithagrandopeningceremony."可知，此處介紹的是開幕式的情況。選項E"開幕式包括演出，例如唱英語歌曲和背誦詩歌。"符合語境。故選E。43．根據(jù)上文"Midweek,therewasadramaperformance.ThedramaclubputonashortplaybasedonaclassicEnglishstory."可知，此處介紹周中的戲劇表演，這也是學生提高英語口語能力的一種有趣的活動。選項C"這項活動有助于學生在玩樂的同時提高他們的口語能力。"符合語境。故選C。44．根據(jù)下文"Studentsfromallgradesworkedinteamstoanswerquestionsaboutvocabulary,grammar,andculture."可知，此處在介紹英語周的最后一個活動，學生們可以從回答問題學到英語技能還能了解文化。選項A"這一周以一個英語小測試作為結束。"符合語境。故選A。45．根據(jù)下文"ItencouragesstudentstouseEnglishincrea