語法精講：動詞不定式324567用法一

：作狀語（表目的）用法二

：作賓語補(bǔ)足語兩種用法辨析特殊形式：否定式綜合練習(xí)：學(xué)以致用總結(jié)回顧：核心要點目錄CONTENTS1什么是動詞不定式？觀察這些句子，找規(guī)律！Iplaytheflute

torelax.Iwenttothesportscentretoiceskate.Shetoldmenottogiveup.Mydadisteachingme

toplaytheguitar.Iplaytheflute

torelax.Iwenttothesportscentre

toiceskate.Shetoldme

nottogiveup.Mydadisteachingme

toplaytheguitar.?

什么是動詞不定式？定義：動詞不定式

=to+動詞原形特點?沒有人稱變化（I/you/he都一樣）?沒有單復(fù)數(shù)變化?不能單獨(dú)作謂語基本形式舉例toread（讀）towrite（寫）toplay（玩/演奏）torelax（放松）tostudy（學(xué)習(xí)）用法一：作狀語（Adverbials）Iplaytheflute

torelax.吹長笛→目的是放松我吹長笛是為了放松。Iwenttothesportscentre

toiceskate.去體育中心→目的是滑冰我去體育中心是為了滑冰。Peoplepaint

toremember

abeautifullandscape.畫畫→目的是記住美景人們畫畫是為了記住美麗的風(fēng)景。動詞不定式表目的理解技巧

前一個動作的目的是什么？

例句：Istudyhard.Whydoyoustudyhard?

答案：togetgoodgrades（為了取得好成績）

完整句：Istudyhardtogetgoodgrades.要求：將下面兩個句子合并成一個使用不定式表目的的句子。原句：Igotothelibrary.Iwanttoborrowsomebooks.改寫：____________________________________________原句：Shepracticespianoeveryday.Shehopestowinthecompetition.改寫：____________________________________________原句：Theygotupearly.Theywantedtocatchthefirstbus.改寫：____________________________________________Igotothelibrary

toborrowsomebooks.Shepracticespianoeveryday

towinthecompetition.Theygotupearly

tocatchthefirstbus.句子改寫用法二：作賓語補(bǔ)足語（ObjectComplements）動詞不定式做賓補(bǔ)補(bǔ)充說明賓語

回答的問題：Whatdoestheobjectdo?（賓語做什么？）結(jié)構(gòu)公式

主語+謂語動詞+賓語+to+動詞原形

Shetoldme

tostudy.主語：She謂語動詞：tell（告訴）賓語：me（我）賓語做什么？tostudy（學(xué)習(xí)）賓補(bǔ)Shetoldme

togetbackup.me（我）togetbackup她告訴我要重新站起來。Mydadteachesme

toplaytheguitar.me（我）toplaytheguitar我爸爸教我彈吉他。Theyallowus

todoourfavouriteactivities.us（我們）todo...他們允許我們做自己喜歡的事。要求：將下面兩個句子合并成一個使用“動詞+賓語+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子。1.原句：Theteachersaidsomethingtothestudents.Thestudentsshouldhandintheirhomeworkontime.改寫：

.2.原句：Myparentshaveawishforme.Theywantmetobecomeadoctor.改寫：

.3.原句：Thesigngivespeopleawarning.Ittellspeoplenottoswimhere.改寫：

.句子改寫TheteachertoldthestudentstohandintheirhomeworkontimeMyparentswantmetobecomeadoctorThesignwarnspeoplenottoswimhere動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)省略to的情況1.

感官動詞

-表示“看、聽、感覺”see,hear,watch,notice,feel,lookat,listentoIsawhim

enter

theroom.（看見他進(jìn)房間）Iheardher

sing

asong.（聽見她唱歌）Watchme

do

it.（看我做）Ifeltthehouse

shake.（感到房子震動）2.

使役動詞

-表示“使、讓、叫”let,make,haveLetme

help

you.（讓我?guī)湍悖㏕hejokemadeus

laugh.（笑話讓我們笑了）I'llhavehim

call

you.（我會讓他打電話給你）對比：動詞原形（不帶to）：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作全過程Isawhim

cross

theroad.（過了馬路）現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）：強(qiáng)調(diào)動作正在進(jìn)行Isawhim

crossing

theroad.（正在過馬路）判斷是否需要加to：Iwatchedthechildren______(play)inthepark.Shemademe______(promise)tobecareful.Hewasseen______(take)themoney.（被動語態(tài)）Let's______(go)tothecinematonight.快速測試playpromisetotakego對比區(qū)分：兩種用法辨析判斷練習(xí)判斷劃線部分是什么成分？Iliketowatchmovies

torelax.（狀語/賓補(bǔ)？）Myteacheraskedme

tospeaklouder.（狀語/賓補(bǔ)？）Westudyhard

togetgoodgrades.（狀語/賓補(bǔ)？）Shewantsherson

tolearncalligraphy.（狀語/賓補(bǔ)？）特殊形式：不定式的否定式Shetoldmenottogiveupsoeasily.Myparentstoldmenottopushmyselftoohard.Trynottoforgetyourfears.結(jié)構(gòu)：notto+動詞原形關(guān)鍵：not放在to前面！Shetoldmetogiveupsoeasily.Myparentstoldmetopushmyselftoohard.Trytoforgetyourfears.改為否定形式動詞不定式總結(jié)動詞不定式作賓語1.wanttodo想要做

2.plantodo計劃做

3.decidetodo決定做

4.trytodo努力做

5.needtodo需要做

6.hopetodo希望做

7.learntodo學(xué)習(xí)做

8.agreetodo同意做

9.promisetodo答應(yīng)做

10.forgettodo忘記要做（還沒做）

動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)1.tellsbtodo告訴某人做

2.asksbtodo請某人做

3.wantsbtodo想要某人做

4.teachsbtodo教某人做

5.allowsbtodo允許某人做

6.encouragesbtodo鼓勵某人做

7.invitesbtodo邀請某人做

8.remindsbtodo提醒某人做

動詞不定式作賓語3種說法：1.todo（最常用）

Istudytogetgoodgrades.2.inordertodo（更正式）

Inordertopass,Istudyhard.3.soastodo（書面語）

Hespokeslowlysoastobeclear.重要句型1.too...to...（太……而不能）Heistooyoungtodrive.It'stoohottogoout.2....enoughto...（足夠……而能）Sheisoldenoughtotravelalone.Heranfastenoughtowin.3.It's+形容詞+todo（做……怎么樣）It'simportanttolearnEnglish.It'seasytomakefriendshere.It'snecessarytowearauniform.4.疑問詞+todo（怎么做/做什么）Iknowwhattodo.Tellmehowtousethis.Idon'tknowwheretogo.固定短語必須記的6個：1.havetodo

必須做（不得不）

Ihavetofinishhomework.2.usedtodo

過去常常做

Iusedtoplayhere.3.begoingtodo

打算做

I'mgoingtovisitmygrandma.4.wouldliketodo

想要做（客氣）

I'dliketohavesomewater.5.beabouttodo

馬上就要做

Themovieisabouttostart.6.beabletodo能夠做

Hewillbeabletoswimsoon.填空Ihope______(see)youtomorrow.Shetoldme______(notbe)late.Heis______young______drive.(太……而不能)It'simportant______(drink)water.Doyouknowhow______(use)this?toseenottobetoototodrinktouse綜合練習(xí)與鞏固語法填空題用動詞不定式的正確形式填空：LucaBrunoisanItalianteenagerwhofindsitfun1.______(make)mobilephoneapps.Hestartedprogramming2.______(help)people.Hislatestappallowspeople3.______(find)studypartnersforlearningItalian."Itgivesmeasenseofachievement4.______(see)peopleusingtheapp,"saysLuca.MayaBadalcollectspostcards5.______(learn)aboutdifferentplaces.Herfatherencouragedher6.______(keep)collecting.Nowshedreams7.______(travel)totheseplacesinthefuture!tomaketohelptofindtoseetolearntokeep

totravel語法填空題1.IhaveapurposewhenIpaint.Iwanttoexpressmyfeelings.→Ipaint______.2."Pleasedon'tgiveup,"theinstructorsaidtoEmma.→TheinstructortoldEmma______.3.ThepurposeofdevelopingtheappistohelppeoplelearnItalian.→Lucadevelopedtheapp______.4.Myparentshavearequest.Theywantmetospendmoretimewithmybrother.→Myparentswantme______.toexpressmyfeelingsnottogiveuptohelppeoplelearnItaliantospendmoretimewithmybrother語法填空題（

）1.Ijoinedtheartclub______improvemypaintingskills.A.forB.toC.soD.because（

）