Unit8SectionBProject(4a4d)語言點精講精練I．語言點精講1.Workingroups.Eachstudentwritesonesentencebeginningwith“......”ontheirownpieceofpaper.在句子Eachstudentwritesonesentencebeginningwith“......”ontheirownpieceofpaper中，beginningwith是一個現(xiàn)在分詞短語，在句中作后置定語，用來修飾前面的名詞sentence。with...beginningwith...相當(dāng)于一個定語從句的省略形式，完整表達(dá)是：asentencewhich/thatbeginswith“......”這種省略的前提是：分詞的邏輯主語就是它所修飾的名詞（這里sentence就是begin這個動作的發(fā)出者），且兩者是主動關(guān)系。語義表達(dá)beginwith是固定動詞短語，意為“以……開頭；從……開始”，分詞形式beginningwith保留了這個含義，用來限定sentence的特征——“以If開頭的句子”。拓展用法與例句作后置定語（最常用）當(dāng)修飾的名詞是動作的發(fā)出者時，可用現(xiàn)在分詞短語后置。Ilikesongsbeginningwithgentlemusic.（=Ilikesongswhichbeginwithgentlemusic.）我喜歡以舒緩音樂開頭的歌曲。Thebooklyingonthedeskismine.（=Thebookwhichliesonthedeskismine.）桌上放著的那本書是我的。2.Taketurnstoaddsentencesuntilthestoryendsnaturally.taketurns的用法核心含義：輪流、依次做某事。詞性搭配：動詞短語，常見結(jié)構(gòu)為taketurns(in)doingsth.或taketurnstodosth.，兩種結(jié)構(gòu)可互換，含義基本一致。語法要點：主語通常是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞（表示多個主體）。介詞in可以省略。例句：①Wetaketurnstocleantheclassroomeveryweek.（我們每周輪流打掃教室。）②Thekidstookturns(in)ridingthebicycleinthepark.（孩子們在公園里輪流騎自行車。）sentences...nstoaddsentences...中，taketurnstodosth.表示“輪流添加句子”，是祈使句用法，省略了主語you。until的用法核心含義：直到……為止；在……之前。詞性：連詞或介詞，在原句中是連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。語法要點：用于肯定句：主句動詞多為延續(xù)性動詞，表示動作持續(xù)到until從句的時間結(jié)束。例：Shewaiteduntilhersoncamebackhome.（她一直等到兒子回家。）not...until...not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)，主句動詞多為短暫性動詞，表示動作到until從句的時間才發(fā)生。例：Ididn'tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.（我直到做完作業(yè)才睡覺。）原句分析：Taketurnstoaddsentencesuntilthestoryendsnaturally.（輪流添加句子，直到故事自然結(jié)束。）此處until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句是祈使句（表動作持續(xù)），表示“添加句子”這個動作要持續(xù)到“故事自然結(jié)束”為止。Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,we'llgoforapicnic.if引導(dǎo)的是真實條件狀語從句，遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的核心語法規(guī)則，具體用法拆解如下：1)從句與主句的時態(tài)搭配if從句（條件）：用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來可能發(fā)生的條件結(jié)構(gòu)：if+主語+一般現(xiàn)在時謂語例句中：ifitdoesn'traintomorrow（doesn'train是一般現(xiàn)在時的否定形式）主句（結(jié)果）：用一般將來時表滿足條件后會發(fā)生的結(jié)果結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+will+動詞原形例句中：we'llgoforapicnic（we'll=wewill，go是動詞原形）2)從句的位置與標(biāo)點規(guī)則從句在前，主句在后：從句末尾加逗號原句：Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,we'llgoforapicnic.主句在前，從句在后：無需加逗號改寫：We'llgoforapicnicifitdoesn'traintomorrow.3)語義特點（真實條件）這種if從句描述的是客觀上可能實現(xiàn)的條件，翻譯為“如果”，區(qū)別于描述“不可能實現(xiàn)的假設(shè)”的虛擬條件句（比如IfIwereyou,Iwould...）。4)句式拓展（同義替換與變形）主句的will可替換為情態(tài)動詞can/may/might，表“能夠/可能”例：Ifitdoesn'traintomorrow,wecangoforapicnic.從句主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞用三單形式例：Ifshehastime,she'lljoinus.II.語言點精煉一、單項選擇1.Wewillgototheparkifit________tomorrow.A.don'train B.doesn'train C.won'train D.isn'train2.Pleaseputthebooks________thebox.A.in B.into C.on D.at3.Theytaketurns________theclassroom.A.clean B.cleaning C.toclean D.cleaned4.Thestoryshouldinclude________fivesentences.A.atlast B.atleast C.atmost D.atfirst5.________youstudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.A.If B.Unless C.Because D.So二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空。1．You(learn)alotifyoutravelaroundtheworld.2．—Tomwantstoknowifyouwillhaveapicnictomorrow.—Yes.Butifit(rain),we’llplaychessathomeinstead.3．Ifhe(call),tellhimI(call)himback.4．We(go)tothebeachifit(notrain)thisafternoon.5．They(note)tomypartyiftheirparents(notlet)themgoout.三、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子1．當(dāng)他對學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)出興趣時，他的父母非常高興。Whenhehisstudy,hisparentswereveryhappy.2．你總是和你的朋友爭吵,這不太好。Youalwaysyourfriends,whichisnotverygood.3．完成這個項目后，我們將繼續(xù)下一個任務(wù)。Afterfinishingthisproject,wewillthenexttask.4．你需要找出問題的真相。Youneedthetruthoftheproblem.5．當(dāng)你結(jié)交新朋友時，做你自己，你就會找到真正喜歡你的人。Whenyoumakenewfriends,,andyou’llfindthosewhotrulylikeyou.四、完形填空閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，使短文通順、意思完整。Planningaclasstripcanbeexciting.Theteachertoldus,“WewillgotothezoothisFriday1._______itdoesn’train.”Everyonefelthappyafterhearingthis.Istartedtoprepareforthetrip.Mymomsaid,“You2._______takeanumbrellaincaseitrains.”Inoddedandputoneinmybag.Someclassmatesplannedtotakecameras—theywantedtotakephotosofanimals3._______theyseetheirfavoriteones.Thedaybeforethetrip,Icheckedtheweatherforecast.Itsaid,“ItwillbesunnyonFriday.You4._______worryaboutrain.”Thatmademeevenmoreexcited.Ithought,“Ifwe5._______early,wecanseethepandaseatingbreakfast.”O(jiān)nFridaymorning,wegottoschoolat7:30.Ourteachersaid,“We6._______startwheneveryoneishere.”Tenminuteslater,allstudentsarrived.Wegotonthebusandtalkedhappily.Aclassmatesaid,“I7._______buyatoypandainthezoogiftshopifIhaveenoughmoney.”Whenwearrivedatthezoo,theguidetoldus,“You8._______staywithyourgroup,oryouwillgetlost.”Wefollowedherandsawmanyanimals.Itookphotosofalion9._______itlookedatme.Attheendofthetrip,everyoneagreed,“Thisisgreat!We10._______havemoretripslikethisifwehavetime.”1.A.if B.because C.but D.or2.A.mustn’t B.should C.won’t D.didn’t3.A.before B.until C.if D.though4.A.needn’t B.must C.need D.mustn’t5.A.arrive B.arrived C.willarrive D.arearriving6.A.don’t B.didn’t C.will D.won’t7.A.am B.will C.was D.would8.A.can B.may C.must D.might9.A.so B.when C.unless D.if10.A.should B.shouldn’t C.mustn’t D.needn’t五、任務(wù)型閱讀。Itiseasiertoagreethantodisagree.Thefollowingtipscanhelppeoplesolvedisputes(爭端).Don’tmakeitpersonal.Ifyougetupset,itcanhelptorememberthatyou’remadattheperson’sidea,nottheperson.Nevercriticize(批評)others’ideas.You’dbetternotsay“That’sastupididea.”Try“Idon’treallyagree,andhereiswhy.”Nevershoutloudlyandyouwillhaveamuchbetterchanceofgettingyourideaacross.Use“I”statements(陳述)tomunicatehowyoufeelandwhatyouthink.Using“you”statementscansoundargumentative(好爭論的).Forexample,tellingyourmum“YoualwaysremindmeaboutmychoreswhenIhavealotofhomework.”hasaverydifferenttone(語氣)from“I’munderpressurebecauseIhavealotofhomeworktonight.CanIdothosechorestomorrow?”Listentotheotherpointofview.Whentheotherpersonistalking,trytostopthinkingaboutwhyyoudisagreeorwhatyouwillsaynext.Instead,focusonwhatisbeingsaid.Whenitisyourturntotalk,repeatanykeypointstheotherpersonmadetoshowyouhavepaidattentiontowhatwassaid.Thenexpresswhyyoudisagree.Staycalm.Thisisthemostimportantthingyoucandotomakeaconversationgoonwell.1．Whatcanthesetipsdoaccordingtothetext?___________________________________________2．Whichexpressioninthetextmeansthatyouarecriticizingtheother’sidea?___________________________________3．Whyshouldn’tweuse“you”statements?______________________________________4．Whatshouldwedowhentheotherpersonistalking?(寫出一個答案即可)_____________________________________5．Whatisthemostimportantthingtodotomakeaconversationgoonwell?_____________________________________________六、閱讀理解Planningoutdooractivitiesrequirescarefulthoughtabouttheweather.Ifitrains,manyplanswillchange.Herearesomeexamplesofhowpeopleadjusttheirplansbasedonweatherconditions.Lisaandherfamilyplannedapicnic.Theycheckedtheweatherforecast,whichsaid,"ItwillbesunnyonSaturday."Sotheypreparedfoodandablanket.Butifithadrained,theywouldhavestayedhomeandcookedabigmealinstead.Aschooldecidedtoholdasportsday.Theteacherssaid,"WewillhavethesportsdayonFridayiftheweatherisgood.Ifitrains,wewillpostponeittonextMonday."Allstudentshopedforsunnyweatherbecausetheywantedtoplaygamesoutside.Johnwantedtogohikingwithhisfriends.Hetoldthem,"Ifthetemperatureisbelow5°C,weshouldwearwarmclothes.Ifitsnows,wewillcancelthetrip.It'sdangeroustohikeinsnow."Hisfriendsagreedwithhim.Peopleoftenmakebackupplansforoutdooractivities.Thisway,theycanstillhavefuneveniftheweatherisnotperfect.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.HowtoprepareforapicnicB.WhypeoplelikeoutdooractivitiesC.HowweatheraffectsoutdoorplansD.Whattheweatherforecastsays2.WhatwouldLisa'sfamilydoifitrainedonSaturday?A.Theywouldgotoarestaurant.B.Theywouldstayhomeandcook.C.Theywouldhaveapicnicindoors.D.Theywouldgotothepark.3.WhenwilltheschoolhavethesportsdayifitrainsonFriday?A.OnSaturdayB.OnSundayC.OnMondayD.OnTuesday4.WhywouldJohnandhisfriendscancelthehikingtrip?A.IfitrainsheavilyB.IfthetemperatureishighC.IfitsnowsD.Ifitiswindy5.Whatdopeopleoftendoforoutdooractivitiesaccordingtothepassage?A.Theychecktheweatheronce.B.Theymakebackupplans.C.Theyalwaysstayathome.D.Theydon'tcareabouttheweather.七、選詞填空閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每詞限用一次。name

show

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theyWhatwillyoudofirstwhenyouhaveaparty?Ofcourse,themostimportantthingistowriteinvitations.1,manypeopledon’tknowhowtowriteinvitations.Ifyoufollowthewaysbelow,itwillbemucheasierforyoutowrite2.Firstly,youneedtowritethe3ofguestsrightly.Thisisagoodway4yourrespect(尊重)andpoliteness.Yourguestsdon’tknowabouttheparty’splaceand5,soit’snecessary6themdownintheinvitation.It’sbesttoputamapineachinvitation7theoldpeoplemayneedit.Youalsoneedtotellthetimeoftheparty8yourguests.Makesuretheyareavailableatthattime.Iftheyhavenotime,letthemtellyou.Ifthereisaruleaboutwhatkindsof9theyshouldwear,youmustletthemknow.Atleastyouneedtotellthemiftheyshouldwearsuits(西服).Youshouldpayattentiontotheweatherifyou’replanningapartyoutside.Iftheweatherisbad,noone10toetotheparty.Sochoosingagooddayisimportant.II.語言點精練參考答案一、單項選擇B解析：考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句“主將從現(xiàn)”原則。從句主語“it”是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；“rain”是實義動詞，否定形式需用“doesn't”。句意：如果明天不下雨，我們就去公園。B解析：考查固定短語“o...”（把……放進……）?！癷n”強調(diào)狀態(tài)，“into”強調(diào)動作，此處“把書放進盒子”是動作，故選B。句意：請把書放進盒子里。C解析：考查固定短語“taketurnstodosth.”（輪流做某事），后接動詞不定式。句意：他們輪流打掃教室。B解析：考查短語辨析?！癮tleast”意為“至少”，符合“故事應(yīng)該至少包含五個句子”的語境；“atlast”（最后）、“atmost”（至多）、“atfirst”（起初）均不符合。A解析：考查連詞辨析。“If”（如果）引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，符合“如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會通過考試”的邏輯；“Unless”（除非）、“Because”（因為）、“So”（所以）均不符合語境。二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空。【答案】1．willlearn2．rains3．callswillcall4．willgodoesn’train5．won’tedon’tlet三、根據(jù)漢語意思完成句子【答案】1．當(dāng)他對學(xué)習(xí)表現(xiàn)出興趣時，他的父母非常高興。Whenhehisstudy,hisparentswereveryhappy.【答案】showedinterestin【解析】根據(jù)中英文提示可知，空格處表示“表現(xiàn)出興趣”；“showinterestin”是一個固定短語，意思是“對……表現(xiàn)出興趣”；根據(jù)“hisparentswereveryhappy”可知，這句話時態(tài)是一般過去時，謂語動詞“show”用過去式“showed”。故填showed；interest；in。2．你總是和你的朋友爭吵,這不太好。Youalwaysyourfriends,whichisnotverygood.【答案】arguewith【解析】結(jié)合中英文提示可知，此處所缺表達(dá)為“和……爭吵”，譯為arguewith，根據(jù)“whichisnotverygood”可知本句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故填argue；with。3．完成這個項目后，我們將繼續(xù)下一個任務(wù)。Afterfinishingthisproject,wewillthenexttask.【答案】moveonto【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照，空格處缺“繼續(xù)”，對應(yīng)的英文為moveonto，will后接動詞原形。故填move；on；to。4．你需要找出問題的真相。Youneedthetruthoftheproblem.【答案】tofindout【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照，英文句子缺少的部分對應(yīng)中文“找出”，對應(yīng)的英文為findout，needtodosth.“需要做某事”。故填to；find；out。5．當(dāng)你結(jié)交新朋友時，做你自己，你就會找到真正喜歡你的人。Whenyoumakenewfriends,,andyou’llfindthosewhotrulylikeyou.【答案】beyourself【解析】根據(jù)中英文對照，空格處缺“做你自己”，對應(yīng)英語為beyourself。此處為祈使句，用動詞原形開頭。故填be；yourself。四、完形填空A解析：“if”（如果）引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，符合“如果不下雨就去動物園”的語境，與核心句型呼應(yīng)。B解析：“should”（應(yīng)該）表示建議，符合“媽媽建議帶傘以防下雨”的邏輯；“mustn’t”（禁止）、“won’t”（不會）、“didn’t”（不，過去時）均不符合。C解析：“if”（如果）引導(dǎo)條件句，符合“如果看到最喜歡的動物就拍照”的語境。A解析：“needn’t”（不必）符合“天氣預(yù)報說晴天，不必?fù)?dān)心下雨”的邏輯；“must”（必須）、“need”（需要）、“mustn’t”（禁止）均不符合。A解析：“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語“we”是復(fù)數(shù)，動詞用原形。C解析：“will”（將要）表示將來動作，符合“等人到齊就出發(fā)”的語境。B解析：“主將從現(xiàn)”原則，主句用一般將來時，“willbuy”符合“如果有錢就買玩具熊貓”的邏輯。C解析：“must”（必須）表示強制要求，符合“必須跟緊隊伍以防走失”的語境。B解析：“when”（當(dāng)……時）引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，符合“當(dāng)獅子看我時我拍了照”的邏輯。A解析：“should”（應(yīng)該）表示建議，符合“如果有時間應(yīng)該多舉辦這樣的旅行”的語境。五、任務(wù)型閱讀【答案】1．Thesetipscanhelppeoplesolvedisputes.2．That’sastupididea.3．Becauseusing“you”statementscansoundargumentative.4．Weshouldfocusonwhatisbeingsaid.5．Themostimportantthingistostaycalm.【解析】本文主要介紹了一些幫助人們解決爭端的技巧。1．根據(jù)“Thefollowingtipscanhelppeoplesolvedisputes.”可知，這些建議的作用是幫助人們解決爭端。故填Thesetipscanhelppeoplesolvedisputes.2．根據(jù)“Nevercriticizetheothers’ideas.”和“You’dbetternotsay‘That’sastupididea.’”可知，“這是個愚蠢的主意”這種表達(dá)屬于對他人想法的批評。故填That’sastupididea.3．根據(jù)“Using‘you’statementscansoundargumentative.”可知，不能使用“你”陳述的原因是其會讓人感覺有爭論。故填Becauseusing“you”statementscansoundargumentative.4．根據(jù)“Whentheotherpersonistalking,trytostopthinkingaboutwhyyoudisagreeorwhatyouwillsaynext.Instead,focusonwhatisbeingsaid.”可知，當(dāng)對方在講話時，盡量別去想你為什么不同意，也別去想你接下來要說什么。相反，要專注于對方正在說的內(nèi)容。寫出一個答案即可，參考答案為Weshouldfocusonwhatisbeingsaid.5．根據(jù)“Staycalm.”和“Thisisthemostimportantthingyoucandotomakeaconversationgoonwell.”可知，保持冷靜是使對話順利進行的最重要的事情。故填Themostimportantthingistostaycalm.六、閱讀理解1.C解析：文章通過野餐、運動會、徒步旅行三個例子，說明天氣如何影響戶外活動計劃，主旨為“天氣對戶外計劃的影響”。2.B解析：原文明確提到“ifithadrained,theywouldhavestayedhomeandcookedabigmealinstead”，直接對應(yīng)選項B。3.C解析：原文提到“ifitrains,wewillpostponeittonextMonday”，“nextMonday”即“Monday”，對應(yīng)選項C。4.C解析：原文明確提到“Ifitsnows,wewillcancelthetrip”，直接對應(yīng)選項C。5.B解析：原文最后一段指出“Peopleoftenmakebackupplansforoutdooractivities”，直接對應(yīng)選項B。七、選詞填空【答案】1．However2．them3．names4．toshow5．date6．towrite7．because8．to9．clothes10．wants【解析】本文主要講述了如何書寫邀請函以及舉行聚會時需要注意的事項。1．句意：然而，許多人不知道如何寫請柬。根據(jù)前文“Ofcourse,themostimportantthingistowriteinvitations.”和“…,manypeopledon’tknowhowtowriteinvitations.”可知，前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合備選詞可知，此處應(yīng)該填入however，意為“然而”符合語境，位于句首，首字