PaulineXb1Unit4BodyLanguage

ReadingandThinkinglanguagepointsLISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.

Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.Para1聽聽肢體是怎么說話的在與他人的交往中，我們用話語(yǔ)和肢體語(yǔ)言來表達(dá)自己的思想和觀點(diǎn)。通過觀察人們的肢體語(yǔ)言，我們可以洞察他們的想法。話語(yǔ)十分重要，但是人們站立、雙手抱臂和移動(dòng)雙手的姿勢(shì)，也能為我們提供有關(guān)他們情感的信息。Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractionswithotherpeople.這是一個(gè)_______句。主語(yǔ):______謂語(yǔ):______

由______________連接

的并列賓語(yǔ):______________________________________

目的狀語(yǔ):______________________________________________地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ):_____________________________________________

仿寫：為了保持健康，我們應(yīng)該在日常生活中平衡健康飲食和定期鍛煉。

簡(jiǎn)單Webothwordsandbodylanguageinourinteractionswithotherpeopletoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsboth...and...useTo/Inorderto

stayhealthy/keepfit,we

should/oughtto/

aresupposedto

balancebothahealthydietandregularexerciseinourdailylives.龍頭法Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.這是一個(gè)_______句。主語(yǔ):______謂語(yǔ):_____________賓語(yǔ):________

后置定語(yǔ):______________________________________

，嵌套的賓語(yǔ)從句:______________________________

整體作為介詞________的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞what在從句中作arethinking的________。

方式狀語(yǔ):_______________________________________

我們可以通過參與當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)節(jié)日，了解到很多關(guān)于該文化的信息。

簡(jiǎn)單Weaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingalotcanlearn賓語(yǔ)bywatchingtheirbodylanguageWecanunderstandalotaboutthelocalculture

byparticipatinginitstraditionalfestivals.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.這是一個(gè)_______句，由表______關(guān)系的并列連詞______連接。

分句一:________結(jié)構(gòu)

分句二:主語(yǔ):____________________中心詞:___________受到限制性定語(yǔ)從句________________________修飾限定，省略了_________________。主句謂語(yǔ):__________，副詞作狀語(yǔ):________

，

間接賓語(yǔ):______直接賓語(yǔ):______________________________________

，直賓包含后置定語(yǔ):_________________________

并列轉(zhuǎn)折cangivethewaytheway...hands主系表butthat/inwhichpeoplestand...handsusalsoinformationabouttheirfeelingsabouttheirfeelingsSpeakingclearlyisimportant,butthewayyoulistentootherscanalsoshowyourrespectandearnyoutheirtrust.仿寫：表達(dá)清晰很重要，但你傾聽他人的方式也能顯示出你的尊重并為你贏得他們的信任。Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.龍頭法

Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.

Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone’seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.

Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.

InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Para2不同的文化有著不同的肢體語(yǔ)言，這與口頭語(yǔ)言相似。使用肢體語(yǔ)言時(shí)，最重要的是要符合你所處的文化。例如，在一些國(guó)家，眼神交流(即直視某人的眼睛)是表示興趣的一種方式。

Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.

Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone’seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.

Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.

InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Para2相反，在另一些國(guó)家，眼神交流并不總是被認(rèn)可。例如，在許多中東國(guó)家，社交上不允許男性和女性進(jìn)行眼神交流。在日本，與年長(zhǎng)者交談時(shí)，目光下垂表示敬重。ReadingandThinking(2)1.vary

【觀察思考】

?Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.(教材第38頁(yè))不同的文化有著不同的肢體語(yǔ)言,這與口頭語(yǔ)言相似。?Themenuvarieswiththeseason.菜單隨季節(jié)而變動(dòng)。?Thestudents’workvariesconsiderablyinquality.學(xué)生作業(yè)的質(zhì)量甚是參差不齊。?Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)吸引了各種各樣的人。?Thereisavarietyof/

arevarietiesof

patternstochoosefrom.

有種類繁多的圖案可供選擇。【探究總結(jié)】(1)varyvi.(根據(jù)情況)變化;改變①vary____...__...從……到……不等②vary_____隨著……變化/改變③vary___在……方面不同(2)_______

adj.各種不同的;各種各樣的(3)variety

n.不同種類;品種avarietyof

/

varietiesof多種多樣的from

to

withinvarious【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】

根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英語(yǔ)句子。①他由于種種原因辭職了。A.Heresignedfor_______reasons.B.Heresignedfor___________reasons.C.Heresignedfor___________

reasons.②班級(jí)的數(shù)目從25個(gè)到30個(gè)不等。Classnumbers__________25___30.③星星的亮度各不相同。Stars________brightness.④人們對(duì)幸福的定義會(huì)隨著時(shí)間改變。People’sdefinitionofhappinesswill____________.variousvarieties

ofa

varietyofvary

from

tovary

invarywithtimeJustlikepersonalpreferences,effectivelearningmethodsvaryfrompersontoperson.仿寫：正如個(gè)人喜好一樣，有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法也因人而異。Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.這是一個(gè)_______句，主句屬于________結(jié)構(gòu)，

主語(yǔ):_________________（_________結(jié)構(gòu)），系動(dòng)詞:_____,表語(yǔ)_________________,限制性定語(yǔ)從句:_______________修飾限定先行詞_______，

引導(dǎo)詞________，作從句______語(yǔ)，還可以用_________。culture受到一個(gè)限制性定語(yǔ)從句:______________

修飾限定，引導(dǎo)詞指代先行詞__________作介詞in的_______，________省略，省略的引導(dǎo)詞是______________

。

復(fù)合Thecrucialthingyouareinwayusing...arein主系表iswhichthat...arein賓語(yǔ)主可以culture冠形名thatthat/whichTheessentialthingispromoting/raising/enhancing/improvingenvironmentalawarenessinawaythatisrelevanttopeople’sdailylives.仿寫：最根本的是，以一種與人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钕⑾⑾嚓P(guān)的方式來提升環(huán)保意識(shí)。Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.2.approve

【觀察思考】

?Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.(教材第38頁(yè))相反,在另一些國(guó)家,眼神交流并不總是被認(rèn)可。?TheMinistryofEducationapprovedanewpolicytoday.教育部今天批準(zhǔn)了一項(xiàng)新政策。?Shedoesn’tapproveofmyleavingschoolthisyear.她不同意我今年畢業(yè)。?Hestronglydisapprovedofthechangesthathadbeenmade.他強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)已進(jìn)行的變革。?Shedesperatelywantedtowinherfather’sapproval.她急不可待地想贏得她父親的贊同?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】(1)approve

vi.贊成;同意vt._________①approve__sth/sb同意某事/某人②approve____________sth同意某人做某事

(2)disapprove

vi.不贊成;反對(duì)disapprove___sth/sb反對(duì)某事/某人ofone’sdoing批準(zhǔn);通過ofof(3)________

n.贊成;同意;批準(zhǔn)disapproval

n.不贊成;反對(duì)【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】單句語(yǔ)法填空。①Noteveryoneapproves___hissuggestion.②Daviddidn’tapproveofhisdaughter’s_______(work)atnightalone.③Thetestingand________(approve)ofnewdrugswillbespedup.approvalof

workingapproval

Thegesturefor“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.

InFrance,apersonencounteringanidenticalgesturemayinterpretitasmeaningzero.

However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Para3“OK”這個(gè)手勢(shì)在不同的文化中有著不同的含義。在日本，一個(gè)人看到另外一個(gè)人使用這一手勢(shì)，可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這表示金錢。在法國(guó)，看到同一個(gè)手勢(shì)的人可能會(huì)將其解讀為“零”。然而，在巴西和德國(guó)，你應(yīng)該避免作出這一手勢(shì)，因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)被

視為不禮貌的手勢(shì)。3.employ

【觀察思考】

?InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.(教材第38頁(yè))在日本,一個(gè)人看到另外一個(gè)人使用這一手勢(shì),可能會(huì)認(rèn)為這表示金錢。?Forthepastthreeyearshehasbeenemployedasafirefighter.三年來他一直受雇當(dāng)消防員。?Weemployedvillagerstohelpusattheharvestseason.在收獲季節(jié)我們雇用村民來幫我們。?Asanemployee,Iamluckytomeetsogoodanemployer.作為雇員,我很幸運(yùn)遇到如此好的雇主。?Theprogrammeprovideseightweeksofpaidemploymentalongwithtraining.除培訓(xùn)外,該項(xiàng)目還提供八周的帶薪工作?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】(1)employ

vt.使用;應(yīng)用;雇用①employsb__雇用某人擔(dān)任……②employsb_____________

雇用某人做某事

③beemployedindoingsth忙于做某事(2)________

n.雇主;老板e(cuò)mployee

n.雇工;雇員(3)______________

n.工作;職業(yè);就業(yè)unemployment

n.失業(yè);失業(yè)人數(shù)employment

/

unemploymentrate

就業(yè)/失業(yè)率astodosthemployeremployment【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】

用employ的正確形式填空。①Changesinfarmingmethodshavebadlyaffected___________inthearea.②Anumberofnewworkers_____________lastweektodealwiththeincreasingorders.③Itisalargefirmandithasmorethan500_________inAsiaalone.④Don’tjustinsultyourformerbossoryourformer_________.employmentwereemployedemployeesemployerInJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.這是一個(gè)__________________________________，

主句:__________________________________________________________,是一個(gè)_____從句，從句引導(dǎo)詞_________省略了。限制性定語(yǔ)從句:_________________修飾限定先行詞_____________，

引導(dǎo)詞________，指人作從句_____語(yǔ)，從句謂語(yǔ)_______________，

賓語(yǔ)____________________，賓補(bǔ)___________________________，賓補(bǔ)是非謂語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)是_____________，與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞employ構(gòu)成主動(dòng)或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

限制性定語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句employingthegestureanotherpersonsomeoneInJapan,someonemightthinkitmeansmoneywitnesseswho...gesture賓語(yǔ)主thatwhosomeoneInalibrary,someonewhonoticesyoutalkingloudlyonyourphoneislikelytothinkyouarebeinginconsiderateofothers.仿寫：在圖書館，如果有人注意到你大聲打電話，他很可能會(huì)認(rèn)為你不顧及他人。

AbeinconsiderateofB：A不顧及BInJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.

Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.

Inmanycountries,shakingone’sheadmeans“no”,andnoddingmeans“yes”.

Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.

Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Para4即便是用于表示肯定和否定的身勢(shì)語(yǔ)，在世界各地也不盡相同。在許多國(guó)家，搖頭表示否定，點(diǎn)頭表示肯定。相比之下，在保加利亞和阿爾巴尼亞南部地區(qū)，這兩個(gè)身勢(shì)語(yǔ)的含義截然相反。

Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.

Inmanycountries,shakingone’sheadmeans“no”,andnoddingmeans“yes”.

Bycomparison,inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania,thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheekwhentheymeet.

Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Para4在身體接觸方式、站著交談時(shí)雙方的距離、見面和告別的動(dòng)作方面，也有很多差異。在法國(guó)、俄羅斯等國(guó)，朋友見面時(shí)會(huì)相互親吻臉頰。在其他地區(qū)，與別人見面時(shí)，人們更喜歡握手、鞠躬或點(diǎn)頭。

【觀察思考】?Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.(教材第38頁(yè))即便是用于表示肯定和否定的身勢(shì)語(yǔ),在世界各地也不盡相同。?FrenchdiffersfromEnglishinthisrespect.在這方面法語(yǔ)不同于英語(yǔ)。?Ihavetodifferwithyouon/about/overthat.在那一點(diǎn)上我不能同意你的看法。4.differ?Ourlifestyleisquitedifferentfromyours.我們的生活方式和你們的完全不同。?Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.我知道這是生與死的差異。?Changingschoolsmadeabigdifferencetomylife.轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)對(duì)我的一生有重大影響?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】(1)differ

vi.相異;不同于①differ_____和……不同②differ____sb____________sth在……方面和某人意見不一致(2)different

adj.不同的;有差異的_______________和……不同

(3)difference

n.不同;差別①thedifferencebetweenAandBA與B的差異②__________________

對(duì)……有影響/產(chǎn)生重要作用

fromwith

on/about/overbedifferentfrommakeadifferenceto【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英語(yǔ)句子。①她和雙胞胎妹妹愛好不同。A.She___________hertwinsisterinhobbies.B.She______________hertwinsisterinhobbies.C.Thereis

__________________herandhertwinsisterinhobbies.②飲食均衡會(huì)對(duì)健康產(chǎn)生重要作用。Eatingabalanceddietcan__________________health.differs

fromis

different

froma

difference

betweenmake

a

difference

to5.favour

【觀察思考】

?Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.(教材第38頁(yè))在其他地區(qū),與別人見面時(shí),人們更喜歡握手、鞠躬或點(diǎn)頭。?CouldyoudomeafavourandpickupSamfromschooltoday?今天你能幫我個(gè)忙去學(xué)校接薩姆嗎??Iwouldneveraskanyfavourofher.我再也不會(huì)請(qǐng)她幫任何忙了。?Hearguedinfavourofthestrike.他據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)主張罷工。?Thegovernmenthasafavourableattitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar.政府對(duì)飛行汽車的發(fā)展持支持的態(tài)度。【探究總結(jié)】(1)favour

vt.較喜歡;選擇;有利于favour_____sth更喜歡做某事(2)favour

n.幫助;恩惠;贊同①___sbafavour幫某人忙②askafavour___sb請(qǐng)求某人幫忙③__________贊同;支持;有利于④losefavourwithsb

不受某人歡迎(3)favourable

adj.給人好印象的;贊同的;支持的(4)favourite

adj.最喜歡的doingdoofinfavour

of

【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】

同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。①Onlyasmallnumberofpeoplesupportedhim.→Onlyasmallnumberofpeoplewere___________him.②IwillaskJennyforhelpwhenI’mintrouble.→Iwill___________ofJennywhenI’mintrouble.③Couldyougivemeahandandcarrythebox?→Couldyou_____________andcarrythebox?④Ihaveagoodimpressionofthecity.→Thecity___________________________onme.in

favour

ofask

a

favourdome

a

favourmakes

a

favourableimpression

Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.

Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”.

Agoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.Para5有些手勢(shì)似乎在任何地方含義都相同。雙手合十放在頭部的一側(cè)，同時(shí)閉上你的眼睛，意為“睡覺”。表示“我吃飽了”的一個(gè)好方式，就是在飯后用手在肚子上畫圈。

Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.

Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.

Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.Para6某些肢體語(yǔ)言有著許多不同的用處。也許最佳的例子就是微笑了。微笑可以幫助我們擺脫困境，在陌生的世界里找到朋友。微笑可以打破隔閡。我們可以用微笑來道歉、問候他人、尋求幫助或主動(dòng)攀談。專家建議，我們應(yīng)該對(duì)著鏡子微笑，讓自己感到更加快樂和堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。當(dāng)我們感到沮喪或孤單時(shí)，最美好的事情莫過于看到好友的笑臉。6.breakdown

【觀察思考】

?Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.(教材第39頁(yè))微笑可以打破隔閡。?Thecarbrokedownjustnorthofthedowntown.汽車就在市中心以北的地方拋錨了。?Newsreportssaypeacetalksbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendownwithnoagreementreached.據(jù)新聞報(bào)道,兩國(guó)的和談失敗了,沒有達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。?Withtheincreasingburdenofhiswork,hefinallybrokedownandhadtotakeacompleterest.隨著工作負(fù)擔(dān)的日益加重,他最后身體垮了,不得不好好休息一下。?Foodisbrokendowninthestomach.食物在胃里分解?！咎骄靠偨Y(jié)】breakdown

的意思:(1)_________(2)___________

(3)(談判)失敗

(4)(身體)垮掉

(5)_____【應(yīng)用實(shí)踐】

寫出下列各句中breakdown的含義。①Negotiationsbetweenthetwosideshavebrokendown._____②Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyoualwaysstayup

late.

_____③Itwasbadlucktha