第06講必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions（知識全梳理&考點精準練）（寒假預習講義）內容導航考點聚焦：歸納核心考點&高考考點，有的放矢重點速記：重難點梳理，查漏補缺，即時鞏固復習提升：真題感知&綜合提升專練，全面突破重點01核心詞匯速記一、重點速記（核心知識濃縮）1.高頻名詞：kingdom（王國）、ancestor（祖先）、philosophy（哲學）、feast（盛宴；節(jié)日）、evidence（證據）、achievement（成就）、location（地點）2.關鍵動詞：conquer（征服；占領）、defend（防御；保衛(wèi)）、surround（圍繞；包圍）、announce（宣布）、belong（屬于）、charge（收費；控告）3.重要形容詞：individual（單獨的）、chief（最重要的）、fascinating（迷人的）、legal（合法的）、surrounding（周圍的）、puzzled（困惑的）4.核心短語：breakaway(from)（脫離；逃脫）、aswellas（和；還）、leavebehind（遺留；留下）keepyoureyesopen(for)（留心）、referto（談到；查閱）、takeover（接管）、belongto（屬于）重點02核心語法速記1.時態(tài)重點：現(xiàn)在完成時（表動作持續(xù)/影響）、過去完成時（表“過去的過去”，用于歷史事件因果分析）2.非謂語動詞：過去分詞作定語/賓補（表被動/完成，如“thegoodsboughtonline”“keepsbinformed”）3.經典句式：what引導賓語從句（如“Manypeopleareconfusedbywhatthesedifferentnamesmean.”）；if省略結構（如“Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?”）二、重難點梳理（深度解析+突破）（一）詞匯重難點1.易混詞辨析（1）historyvstradition：history側重“歷史事件/進程”，是客觀發(fā)生的過往；tradition側重“代代相傳的習俗/理念”，是歷史沉淀的文化內核（2）defencevsdefend：defence（n.防御），defend（v.防御），派生詞defensive（adj.防御性的）（3）customvscustomervscustoms：custom（n.風俗；習慣），customer（n.顧客），customs（n.海關）2.短語用法拓展（1）breakawayfrom：需加賓語，表“脫離某個組織/群體/狀態(tài)”，如“Theregionbrokeawayfromthekingdom.”（2）belongto：無被動語態(tài)、無進行時，常用現(xiàn)在時，如“Theoldmansionbelongstoalocalfamily.”（3）charge：搭配靈活，“chargesbforsth”（向某人收費），“chargesbwithsth”（控告某人某事）3.語法重難點1.過去完成時的精準應用標志：by+過去時間點、before+過去從句、until+過去時間點場景：歷史事件因果分析，如“Hadsteamenginesnotemerged,Asiantextiletraditionsmighthaveevolveddifferently.”（虛擬語氣中過去完成時的應用）易錯點：避免與一般過去時混淆，關鍵看“是否存在先后順序”，先發(fā)生的用過去完成時，如“Whenwearrivedatthemuseum,theexhibitionhadalreadystarted.”2.過去分詞作定語/賓補的核心用法作定語：位于名詞后，表被動/完成，如“thecemeterylocatedonthehill”（位于山上的公墓）、“thetraditionpasseddownfromancestors”（祖先傳承的傳統(tǒng)）作賓補：常見于“keep/have/get+賓語+過去分詞”結構，表“使某事被做”，如“keeptherelativesinformedoftheinvestigation”（讓親屬了解調查進展）、“havethewatchrepaired”（把手表修好）（一）高頻易錯點清單1.詞匯類易錯點（1）belongto的語態(tài)錯誤：誤寫為“isbelongedto”，正確用法為主動形式表被動含義（2）puzzled與puzzling混淆：puzzled（人感到困惑的），puzzling（事物令人困惑的）（3）charge的搭配錯誤：誤寫為“chargesbsth”，正確搭配為“chargesbforsth”（收費）、“chargesbwithsth”（控告）2.語法類易錯點（1）過去完成時濫用：未明確“過去的過去”的時間邏輯，直接用過去完成時，如誤寫為“HetoldmeheworkedinBeijingfor5years.”（正確：hadworked，因“工作”發(fā)生在“告訴”之前）非謂語動詞主動/被動混淆：如誤寫為“thenotepinningtothedoor”（正確：pinned，note與pin是被動關系）、“findpeopleseated”（正確，seated表狀態(tài)，而非sitting的主動動作）（3）“with+賓語+賓補”結構錯誤：誤寫為“withnoagreementreaching”（正確：reached，agreement與reach是被動關系）（二）誤區(qū)糾正技巧1.時態(tài)判斷三步法：①找時間標志詞；②梳理動作先后順序；③確定“是否存在過去的過去”（過去完成時）或“與現(xiàn)在的關聯(lián)”（現(xiàn)在完成時）非謂語動詞判斷口訣：“主動、進行ing，被動ed；表狀態(tài)用ed”即時鞏固（分層練習+解析）（一）基礎鞏固題1.詞匯填空（用所給詞的適當形式填空）（1）The________(surround)areaoftheoldcastleisnowapopulartouristattraction.（2）Shewas________(puzzle)bythestrangetraditionsheobservedduringthefeast.（3）Thegovernmenthastakenmeasuresto________(defence)thecountry’sculturalheritage.（4）Bythetimewearrivedatthecemetery,thememorialceremony________(already,end).2.短語翻譯①脫離封建統(tǒng)治________②屬于某個歷史悠久的家族________③留心觀察傳統(tǒng)習俗的變化________④遺留下來的文化瑰寶________（二）能力提升題1.語法單選（聚焦易錯點）①Theactress,______forherwonderfulactingskill,willbeinterviewedbyaTVstationnextweek.（）A.toknowB.knowingC.beingknownD.known②Withnoagreement_____,bothsidesagreedtospendanotherday_____themainproblems.（）A.toreach;todiscussB.reached;discussingC.reaching;discussingD.reached;todiscuss③Hewassurprisedtofindalotofpeople________atthebackoftheroom________masks.（）A.seating;wearingB.sat;woreC.sitting;wornD.seated;wearing真題感知一、單項選擇1．（2425高一下·廣東深圳·期末）Afterthemovieended,shefoundheroldfriendjust______inthefront.A．seated B．seating C．SeatsD．toseat2．（2425高一下·浙江杭州·期末）paredwithdigitalinvitations,printedonesareneitherpracticalnor________.A．legal B．outdated C．specific D．costeffective3．（2425高一下·江西吉安·期末）—Arethereanycheaprestaurant________?—Yes,thereisonenexttotheshoppingmall.A．surrounding B．forward C．attaching D．nearby4．（2425高一下·湖南衡陽·期末）Hiswatchisbroken,hewantstohaveit________.A．repairing B．repaired C．torepair D．toberepaired5．（2425高一下·山東青島·期末）Asweallknow,newspapers,magazinesandradiosaswellastelevisionbroadcastscankeepus______aboutwhatishappeningathomeandabroad.A．informing B．informed C．toinform D．beinginformed二、選詞填空（2324高一下·廣東廣州·期末）用所給短語的恰當形式填入下列句子，使其意義完整。有兩個短語多余。tonamebutafew;takeadvantageof;inmemoryof;beaboutto;

insiston;keeptrackof;belongto1．TheDragonBoatFestivaliscelebratedQuYuan,apatrioticpoetinancientChina.2．ActivitiesintheScienceandTechnologyFestivalincluderobotexhibition,sciencelectures,appreciationofsciencefictions,.3．Tomgiveuprunningwhenhiscoachapproachedhimandencouragedhimwithsomeinspiringwords.4．Alicehisgoldenopportunityandimprovedheroverallability.5．Thepaintingsanunknownartisthavegainedgreatpopularityintheartshow.三、語法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。（2425高一下·廣東深圳·期末）SafeguardingFestivalsintheDigitalAgeTraditionalfestivals,rootedincenturiesofculturalheritage,arefacingunprecedented(前所未有的)challenges,becauseglobalizationandurbanization1(destroy)manypracticesoverthepastdecades.Innovativeapproachesare2urgentdemandtokeeppacewiththetimes.InChina,3governmenthastakeneffectivemeasurestodigitizeendangeredcustoms.Forexample,theannualMiaoNewYearcelebration,4involvesplicateddances,isbeingrecordedthrough3Dscanning.Thisenablesyoungergenerations5(access)heritageengagingly.munityprojectsalsohelptorevivetraditions.InFujian’sGutianTown,Hakkavillagerspartnerwith6(school)toofferhandsonworkshopsteachingtraditionallanternmakingtechniques.Weaklyworkshops7(lead)byheritageexpertsguidestudentsthrough12craftsteps,whileencouragingmodernelementslikesolarlightinganddigitalpatterns.8(additional),socialmediacontributetoculturalexchangeduringfestivalslikeMidAutumn,whenusersworldwideshare9(they)celebrationoffamilyreunionandharvest.Thesedigitalinteractionspreservetraditions,ensuring10(price)heritageevolveswithtechnology.綜合提升練鞏固提升一、單句語法填空1．Theaccusedhadtodefend(them)incourttoprovetheirinnocence.2．Theessaywaswrittendefenceofthenewarchaeologicaltheories.3．Theartifacts(belong)tothelostcitywerediscoveredrecently.4．Theempireeventuallybrokeintosmallerkingdoms.5．Isitsafetohangoutinthe(surround)districtatnight?6．Janekeptmoving,butthefarthershewalked,the(confuse)shebecame.7．Noneofusknewtheexact(locate)oftheisland.8．Great(achieve)havebeenmadesincelastyear.9．Allofthe(evident)suggestswehavereasonstobepositive.10．Londonisanancientportcitythathasahistory(date)allthewaybacktoRomantimes.二、根據漢語提示單詞拼寫11．Alotof(證據)indicatedthatstresscouldpartlyberesponsiblefordisease.12．Thenewhotelhasabeautiful(位置).13．In(辯護)oftheseathletes,I’dliketosaythattheyhavetriedtodothebesttheycould.14．Withsoftclouds(環(huán)繞)themountaintop,highschoolstudentsfeelasenseofpeaceandcalm.15．Theydefendedtheirown(合法的)rightsinthisway.三、根據首字母提示單詞拼寫16．Thehousebtotheoldmanwasbuilthundredsofyearsago.17．Ambulancesquicklytooktheinjuredtoanhospital.18．TheUnitedStateshas374overseasmbasesinabout140countries.19．Heisanexcellentlawyerwithagoodbrain,whohasmadegreataallhislife.20．Cthefearandconcentratingonwhatyouaredoing—that’swherethebiggestjoyesfrom.四、選詞填空bejoinedto,breakawayfrom,belongto,aswellas,militarydefence,besurroundedby,makegreatachievements,fightabattleagainst,keepyoureyesopen,resultin21．Whatprofessionalsociety(協(xié)會)doesshe?22．Sometimes,severalkingdomseachothersothatthepowerwasincreased.23．Theancientpeoplebuilttowersindifferentlocationsfor.24．Thepanywantstoitsdownmarketimage.25．Theaccidentheavylossesbecausemanyculturalrelicsweredestroyed.26．Histwostoreybrickhomewhichtalltreesisinshape.27．Weshouldpollutiontoprotectourenvironment.28．Hegavemesomegoodtipssomewarnings.29．Theevidenceshowsthattheyhaveinmanyways.30．YoumustifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableandworthwhile.六、七選五StreetEatsWhenitestorunningarestaurant,thethreemostimportantfactorsarelocation,location,andlocation!36Thesemobilerestaurantscansellfoodatthebusiestcornersinacitywithoutpayingthehighcostofrentingapermanentspace.Theysetupearlyinthemorningandselltheirfoodoveratinycounterorthroughawindow.37However,mobilefoodvendorsarenotanewidea.Infact,theyhavebeenaroundforthousandsofyears.Nearlytwothousandyearsago,thestreetsofRomewerefilledwithfoodcartssellingalltypesofmeals,fromsweetsandsnackstoheartydinners.38Manydidnothaveovens,whichmadepreparingahotmealathomeimpossible.Soinstead,ancientRomansboughttheirfoodonthestreet.Theyateandsocializedwiththeirneighbors,strengtheningthemunityandhelpingthelocaleconomyatthesametime.AncientGreecehadfoodcartstoo.39InSparta,peopleatemealsofporridgeorsouponthego.MobilefoodvendorsalsohavealonghistoryinSoutheastAsia.InIndonesiaandMalaysia,foodsellersofthelatenineteenthcenturycarriedtheirminirestaurantsontheir,backs!Theseminirestaurantsweremadeupofastove,twostools,andasmalltable.40.Thesuccessofmobilefoodvendorsliesintheirabilitytoadapttotheneedsofmodernsociety.Theyprovideafastandconvenientdiningoptionforthoseonthego,whilealsoofferingauniqueandauthenticdiningexperience.Astheworldcontinuestourbanizeandbeemoremobile,it’slikelythatmobilefoodvendorswillcontinuetothriveandevolve.A．Thatiswhatmakesfoodcartssuchacleveridea.B．Foodcartscouldbringvendorshandsomeines.C．VendorswithwoodencartssoldfriedfishtothepeopleofAthens.D．ThepeopleofRomelivedintinyhomeswithoutmuchspacetocook.E．Attheendoftheday,theyarepackedupandpulledawaybyacarortruck.F．Streeteatsoftenremindyouofthegoodtimesyouspendwithyourfriends.G．Theycouldbeputtogetherandcarriedhereandthereinsearchofcustomers.能力提升一、完形填空HeritageEducationChina’s“CulturalandNaturalHeritageDay”1onthesecondSaturdayofJuneeveryyear.Manycelebrationsare2ontheday.Thereisnodoubtthatdifferentkindsofcelebrating3acrossthecountrywillarouse(喚醒)public4oftheimportanceofculturalheritageprotectionand5theyoungpeopletolovethefinetraditionalcultureofthemotherland.Chinafacesaheavytasktoprotectandrescueitscultural6.Weneedtoconsider7theharmofthelackofawarenessaboutculturalheritageprotection.Thus,heritage8isoneofourmainapproaches(方法).Peoplecannotproperlyvalueculturalheritageiftheydonotknowwhyitis9orhowtoprotectit.Overthepastseveralyears,theprotectioncentrehas10overahundrededucationalseminars(研究會)todifferentgroups,suchasschools,governmentoffices,11thegeneralpublic.Manypeoplehaveattendedtheseminars.Typically,eachseminar12twotothreehoursand13ofaninformativepresentation,followedbyalongerquestionandanswersessionanddiscussion.Eachattender14limitedknowledgeofculturalheritageconsideredittobejusttheForbiddenCityandtheGreatWall.Peopleoftenthinkthatthedutyonly15tothegovernment.So“CulturalandNaturalHeritageDay”willbeaweleopportunitytoeducatepeopleonworldheritageprotection.1．A．falls B．revises C．applies D．prevents2．A．updated B．suggested C．protested D．held3．A．accesses B．adventures C．affairs D．activities4．A．determination B．promotions C．awareness D．professions5．A．inspire B．persuade C．limit D．identify6．A．proposals B．discoveries C．wonders D．relics7．A．creatively B．seriously C．extremely D．anxiously8．A．civilization B．information C．education D．contribution9．A．important B．awkward C．official D．confusing10．A．insisted B．presented C．designed D．exchanged11．A．aslongas B．asgoodas C．aswellas D．asmuchas12．A．demands B．prefers C．lasts D．stresses13．A．organizes B．consists C．forms D．bees14．A．i