七年級上冊英語期末復(fù)習(xí)《閱讀理解五選五》專項教學(xué)設(shè)計——方法講解+真題演練+12篇階梯訓(xùn)練自我診測閱讀理解。根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從下面五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。（人與自我）Hello!Thisismyaunt.SheisanEnglishteacherinacitynow.Shehasbigblueeyesandasmallmouth.Herhairislongandblonde.Sheisnottallorshort.Shelikeswearingwhiteskirts.2.ShelikesplayingChinesechessalot.Shecanplayitreallywell.3.Beefnoodlesandhotpotareherfavouritefood.Shethinkstheyaresodelicious.Herclassesareinteresting.Shealwaysmakesherstudentslaugh.Sheisafriendlyteachertoo.Sheoftenplaystenniswithherstudentsafterclass.5.Doyoulikeher?Wouldyouliketobeherfriend?A．Sheisreallyfunny.B．Theyhavealotoffuntogether.C．ShelikesChinesefoodverymuch.D．Thisisbecauseherfavouritecolouriswhite.E．Sheisverybeautiful.【答案】1．E2．D3．C4．A5．B【知識點】個人信息、家人和親人、記敘文【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了作者姑姑的外貌、愛好、飲食習(xí)慣以及教學(xué)風(fēng)格等信息。1．根據(jù)下文“Shehasbigblueeyesandasmallmouth.Herhairislongandblonde.”可知，此處描述的是姑姑的外貌特征，選項E“她非常漂亮?！狈险Z境，且能引出下文對外貌的具體描述。故選E。2．根據(jù)上文“Shelikeswearingwhiteskirts.”可知，此處提到姑姑喜歡穿白色裙子，選項D“這是因為她最喜歡的顏色是白色?！狈险Z境，解釋了喜歡穿白色裙子的原因。故選D。3．根據(jù)下文“Beefnoodlesandhotpotareherfavouritefood.”可知，此處提到姑姑最喜歡的食物是牛肉面和火鍋，選項C“她非常喜歡中國食物。”符合語境，且能引出下文對喜歡的中國食物的具體描述。故選C。4．根據(jù)下文“Herclassesareinteresting.Shealwaysmakesherstudentslaugh.”可知，此處描述的是姑姑的課堂風(fēng)格，選項A“她真的很有趣?！狈险Z境，且能引出下文對課堂有趣的具體描述。故選A。5．根據(jù)上文“Sheoftenplaystenniswithherstudentsafterclass.”可知，此處提到姑姑經(jīng)常和學(xué)生們一起打網(wǎng)球，選項B“他們在一起玩得很開心。”符合語境，描述了一起打網(wǎng)球的結(jié)果。故選B。高效解題三步法一、快速通讀，把握結(jié)構(gòu)①讀首段首句或尾句、每段首句、末段首句或尾句，了解文章大意。用35個關(guān)鍵詞提煉文章核心話題。②掃描選項，標(biāo)記功能：總起句（開頭常見）；舉例句（含forexample,suchas等標(biāo)識）；轉(zhuǎn)折句（含but,however等標(biāo)識）；因果句（含so,because等標(biāo)識）；總結(jié)句（結(jié)尾常見）。二、逐空分析，鎖定答案①看詞找線索：注意空格前后的代詞（they,it,this等）和連詞（and,but,so等），選項需包含對應(yīng)的指代對象或邏輯連接詞。②看邏輯關(guān)系：空后是例子→前面填概括句；空前是問題→空內(nèi)是回答；空前是否定句→空內(nèi)可能為轉(zhuǎn)折表述。③看話題一致：選項內(nèi)容必須與本段主題相關(guān)，偏離主題的直接排除。三、代入驗證，確保通順將所有選項代入原文，從頭到尾通讀一遍。重點檢查三點：代詞指代是否明確、時態(tài)是否一致、邏輯是否連貫。若兩個選項看似合適，優(yōu)先選擇與前后句聯(lián)系更緊密的一項。真題再現(xiàn)閱讀短文，從AE中選出正確選項填入15空白處。（人與社會）Teachers’DayisanimportantdayinChina.HowdopeoplecelebrateTeachers’Day?1.Theycanwrite“Thankyou,teacher.”ontheblackboardormakeathankyoucardfortheirteachers.2.Butsomestudentswanttobuypresentsfortheirteachers.Ateacheristalkingtoherstudents.3.“Goodmorning,girlsandboys!”saystheteacher.“Teachers’DayisonSeptember10th.That’sonWednesday.4.Theywanttoshowtheirlovetotheirteachers.Thatisverygood.Butteachersdon’tliketogetpresentsfromstudents.5.IthinkonTeachers’Day,acardfromyouisenough.Andthebestpresentforteachersisyourgoodwork.”A.Sopleasedon’tbuyanypresents!B.Ihearsomestudentswanttobuysomepresentsfortheirteachers.C.Onthisday,manystudentswanttothanktheirteachers.D.Theycansingsongsorgivebestwishestotheirteachers.E.Andherstudentsarelisteningtoher.詳解步驟1：通讀全文，把握大意①主題：中國教師節(jié)的慶祝方式及老師對學(xué)生送禮物的態(tài)度②結(jié)構(gòu)：第一部分：學(xué)生常見的慶祝方式（含買禮物的想法）；第二部分：老師對學(xué)生的相關(guān)引導(dǎo)③核心觀點：老師更青睞學(xué)生的賀卡與良好表現(xiàn)，而非購買的禮物步驟2：分析選項功能A：祈使句，表直接勸告→適用于老師講話結(jié)尾；B：陳述句，“我聽說……”→適用于老師講話中間，引出話題；C：總起句，“在這一天……”→適用于文章開頭；D：列舉建議句，“他們可以……”→適用于列舉慶祝方式；E：場景過渡句，“而且她的學(xué)生……”→適用于旁白與對話之間的銜接。步驟3：逐空分析匹配第1空：位于文章開頭第二句，承接問句“HowdopeoplecelebrateTeachers’Day?”，后文提及“Theycanwrite…”，需填入能回答問句且明確“they”指代對象的句子。C選項“Onthisday,manystudentswanttothanktheirteachers.”既回應(yīng)了“如何慶?！钡膯栴}，又明確“they”指代“manystudents”，故選C。第2空：位于第一部分結(jié)尾，前文已列舉“寫感謝語、做賀卡”的慶祝方式，后文以“But”轉(zhuǎn)折提到“有些學(xué)生想買禮物”，需填入另一種不花錢的并列慶祝方式。D選項“Theycansingsongsorgivebestwishestotheirteachers.”與前文“Theycanwrite…”句式一致，內(nèi)容并列，符合語境，故選D。第3空：位于第二部分開頭，前文描述“一位老師正在和學(xué)生交流”，后文銜接老師的講話，需填入過渡句。E選項“Andherstudentsarelisteningtoher.”承接前文“老師講話”的場景，用“her”指代前文的“ateacher”，自然過渡到直接引語，故選E。第4空：位于老師講話中間，前文告知教師節(jié)日期，后文提及“Theywanttoshowtheirlovetotheirteachers.”，需填入能明確“they”指代對象的句子。B選項“Ihearsomestudentswanttobuysomepresentsfortheirteachers.”提到“有些學(xué)生”，后文“they”即指代該群體，且“買禮物”與“表達(dá)愛”邏輯一致，故選B。第5空：位于老師講話結(jié)尾，前文明確“老師不喜歡收學(xué)生的禮物”，后文給出“送賀卡、做好功課”的建議，需填入基于前文的直接勸告。A選項“Sopleasedon’tbuyanypresents!”以“So”表結(jié)果，“pleasedon’t”直接勸告，自然引出后續(xù)建議，故選A。步驟4：整體驗證將選項代入后通讀，確保：①邏輯連貫：從提問→回答→列舉方式→轉(zhuǎn)折→老師講話→勸告→建議；②代詞明確：they指代students，her指代前文的teacher；③時態(tài)一致：全文使用一般現(xiàn)在時；④語氣自然：老師講話親切且邏輯清晰。真題專練閱讀理解，共12篇。根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容，從每篇短文的五個選項中選出能填入文中空缺處的最佳選項，使文章意思通順、內(nèi)容完整。第一篇（人與自然）ThepandaisChina’snationaltreasureandalotofpeopleathomeandabroadlovethemverymuch.1.Afterlivingabroadfor20years,apandacamebackhomeinApril,2023.Pandafacts●Pandasusuallyeatbamboofor12hourseveryday.●Pandasdonotsleepoverthewinterlikebears,becausetheycannotgetenoughfatfrombambootolive.●2.Theycanalsoswim.●Pandasareshyandnevergointoplaceswherepeoplelive.Howdopandasliveabroad?●Pandasneedahealthyandhomelikeplacetolivein.3.●Apandamayeat12to38kgofbambooinaday.4.Thereisalsoabigcoldroomtokeepbamboo.Twopandaswenttoaforeignparkin2022.Everyweek,theparkbuys1,000kgofbamboofromadomesticprovince.●5.A．Pandasaregoodatclimbingtrees.B．Thezoomustgivepandasenoughfood.C．Whenpandasgotozoosabroad,theyliveinpandahouses.D．Pandasalsoneedgoodkeeperstohelpthemlivewell.E．Thereareabout60pandaslivingabroadnow.【答案】1．E2．A3．C4．B5．D【知識點】科普知識、瀕危生物【分析】本文主要介紹了熊貓的生活習(xí)性、國外生存狀況以及熊貓飼養(yǎng)員的重要性。1．根據(jù)上一句“ThepandaisChina’snationaltreasureandalotofpeopleathomeandabroadlovethemverymuch.”和下一句“Afterlivingabroadfor20years,apandacamebackhomeinApril,2023.”可知，此處介紹國外熊貓的整體情況。E項“現(xiàn)在大約有60只熊貓生活在國外?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境。故選E。2．根據(jù)下一句“Theycanalsoswim.”可知，此處介紹熊貓的技能。A項“熊貓擅長爬樹。”符合語境，與“游泳”形成并列的技能描述。故選A。3．根據(jù)上一句“Pandasneedahealthyandhomelikeplacetolivein.”可知，此處介紹熊貓的居住需求。C項“熊貓去國外的動物園后，都住在熊貓屋里?！狈险Z境，具體說明居住場所。故選C。4．根據(jù)上一句“Apandamayeat12to38kgofbambooinaday.”可知，此處介紹熊貓的飲食需求。B項“動物園必須給熊貓足夠的食物?！狈险Z境，強調(diào)飲食供應(yīng)的重要性。故選B。5．根據(jù)上文小標(biāo)題“Howdopandasliveabroad?”及前文對居住、飲食需求的介紹，此處應(yīng)繼續(xù)說明熊貓在國外的生活需求。D項“熊貓也需要優(yōu)秀的飼養(yǎng)員來幫助它們生活得更好。”符合語境，補充了飼養(yǎng)員這一關(guān)鍵因素。故選D。第二篇（人與社會）Friendscanmakeushappy,soeveryoneintheworldneedsfriends.Doyouknowhowtomakefriendswithyourclassmates?1.Introduceyourself.Whenyoumeetyournewclassmates,don’tbeshy.Introduceyourselftothem.Youcantellthemyournameandyourhobbies.Thiscanmakeyourclassmatesfeelthatyouwanttomakefriendswiththem.2.Don’talwayssitonyourchair.Ifyouwanttomakefriends,youneedtobearoundpeople.Sotrytostaywithyourclassmates.Talktoyourclassmates.Talkingtoyourclassmatesisveryimportant.Ifyoudon’ttalktothem,youcan’tknowalotaboutthemortheycan’tknowalotaboutyou.3.Joinaclub.Iftwopeoplehavethesamehobby,theycaneasilymakefriends.Ifyoulikedancing,youcanjointheDanceClub.IntheDanceClub,youcanfindotherclassmates.4.Itiseasyforyouandthemtobeefriends.5.Everyonewantstomakefriendswithakindperson.Sobefriendlytoyourclassmates.Itcanhelpyougetalotoffriends.Beingfriendlycanmakeyouverypopular.A．Atalkisagoodwaytomakefriends.B．Herearesomeways.C．Theyalllikedancing.D．Spendmoretimewithyourclassmates.E．Befriendly.【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．C5．E【知識點】方法/策略、朋友、說明文【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了與同學(xué)交朋友的具體方法。1．根據(jù)“Doyouknowhowtomakefriendswithyourclassmates?”和下文分點介紹的內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)是引出交友方法的過渡句。B項“以下是一些方法。”符合語境，起到總領(lǐng)下文的作用。故選B。2．根據(jù)“Ifyouwanttomakefriends,youneedtobearoundpeople.Sotrytostaywithyourclassmates.”可知，本段核心是“多與同學(xué)相處”。D項“花更多的時間和同學(xué)們在一起?！狈险Z境，作為本段小標(biāo)題統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段內(nèi)容。故選D。3．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Talktoyourclassmates”可知，本段圍繞“交談”展開。A項“交談是交朋友的好方法?！狈险Z境，強調(diào)交談的重要性。故選A。4．根據(jù)“IntheDanceClub,youcanfindotherclassmates.”可知，舞蹈俱樂部里的同學(xué)都有共同愛好。C項“他們都喜歡跳舞?！狈险Z境，呼應(yīng)“舞蹈俱樂部”的設(shè)定。故選C。5．根據(jù)“Everyonewantstomakefriendswithakindperson.Sobefriendlytoyourclassmates.”可知，本段核心是“友好待人”。E項“保持友好?！狈险Z境，作為本段小標(biāo)題統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全段內(nèi)容。故選E。第三篇（人與自我）Everyonehassomehobbies.What’syourhobby?Theanswermaybedifferent.1.Somecollectstamps.Somecollectcoins.Somepeoplecollectolderthingssuchasrocks.2.Onepersonlikescollectingrocks.3.Shealsolearnsalotfromit.Sheandherfamilymembergohikingtogetherduringweekendsandholidays.Theypickupinterestingrocksontheirwayandaddthemtotheircollection.Atschoolsheishappytoshowtherockstoherfriends.Shethinksrocksareakindofnaturalbeauty.Icollectallkindsofcoinsinmyfreetime.IenjoycollectingcoinsbecauseIcanlearnmanythingsfromthem.Forexample,Icanlearnabouthistoryandculturefromthem.5.Doyouwanttocollectcoinswithme?A．Ilikecollectingcoins.B．SoIthinkcollectingcoinsisreallyinteresting.C．Mostofthemarethousandsofyearsold.D．Shespendsmostofherfreetimesearchingforrocks.E．Manypeopleliketocollectdifferentthingsastheirhobbies.【答案】1．E2．C3．D4．A5．B【知識點】愛好【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，作者認(rèn)為每個人都有自己的愛好，并具體介紹了他人和自己的收藏類愛好。1．根據(jù)“Theanswermaybedifferent”和“Somecollectstamps.Somecollectcoins.Somepeoplecollectolderthingssuchasrocks”可知，此處應(yīng)過渡到“收藏”類愛好的描述。E項“許多人喜歡收集不同的東西作為他們的愛好?！狈险Z境，引出下文的具體收藏類型。故選E。2．根據(jù)“Somepeoplecollectolderthingssuchasrocks”可知，此處應(yīng)進一步描述“古老藏品”的特點。C項“它們中的大多數(shù)已有數(shù)千年歷史?！狈险Z境，銜接前文的“olderthings”。故選C。3．根據(jù)“Onepersonlikescollectingrocks”可知，此處應(yīng)繼續(xù)介紹該人收集石頭的相關(guān)情況。D項“她花費大部分空閑時間尋找石頭。”符合語境，具體說明其收藏行為。故選D。4．根據(jù)“Icollectallkindsofcoinsinmyfreetime.”可知，此處應(yīng)明確作者自己的愛好。A項“我喜歡收集硬幣?！狈险Z境，直接點明愛好類型。故選A。5．根據(jù)“Forexample,Icanlearnabouthistoryandculturefromthem”和“Doyouwanttocollectcoinswithme?”可知，此處應(yīng)總結(jié)收集硬幣的樂趣。B項“所以我認(rèn)為收集硬幣真的很有趣?！狈险Z境，呼應(yīng)前文的收藏收獲，引出邀請。故選B。第四篇（人與社會）Threeboysaregoodfriends.Theyarefromthesamecity.1.TheyareinClassThree,GradeSeven.Twoofthemlikehiking.Theyoftengohikingtogetheronfinedays.Butthethirdboydoesn’tlikehikingbecausehethinksit’sboring.2.Oneofthehikingloversalsolikesdrawingpictures.Oneday,hedrawsapicturenamed“MyFriendandI”.Inthepicture,heandtheotherhikingloverarehikingonahill.Thelatterishappytoseethepicture.3.“WhereamI?WhyamInotinthepicture?4.”heasks.“Youdon’tlikehiking.Youenjoyplayingtheguitar,”thepaintersays.5.Hedecidestospendmoretimewithhisfriends.A．AmInotyourfriend?B．Theyarealsoclassmates.C．Butthethirdboyisnothappy.D．Heoftenplaystheguitarafterschool.E．Nowthethirdboyunderstandsthatfriendsshouldenjoytimetogether.【答案】1．B2．D3．C4．A5．E【知識點】記敘文、友誼【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了三位好朋友因愛好不同產(chǎn)生小誤會，最終互相理解并領(lǐng)悟友誼真諦的故事。1．根據(jù)“Threeboysaregoodfriends.Theyarefromthesamecity.”和“TheyareinClassThree,GradeSeven.”可知，上下文介紹三位朋友的基本關(guān)系。B項“他們也是同班同學(xué)?！边M一步補充關(guān)系，符合邏輯。故選B。2．根據(jù)“Butthethirdboydoesn’tlikehikingbecausehethinksit’sboring.”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹該男孩自己的愛好。D項“他放學(xué)后經(jīng)常彈吉他?！狈险Z境，與前文“不喜歡徒步”形成對比。故選D。3．根據(jù)“Inthepicture,heandtheotherhikingloverarehikingonahill.Thelatterishappytoseethepicture.”和“WhereamI?WhyamInotinthepicture?”可知，兩位徒步愛好者開心，而未入鏡的男孩情緒相反。C項“但第三個男孩不高興?！逼鸬睫D(zhuǎn)折作用，引出其不滿反應(yīng)。故選C。4．根據(jù)“WhereamI?WhyamInotinthepicture?”可知，未入鏡的男孩感到被排斥。A項“難道我不是你的朋友嗎？”進一步表達(dá)其疑惑與委屈，符合語境。故選A。5．根據(jù)“Youdon’tlikehiking.Youenjoyplayingtheguitar.”和“Hedecidestospendmoretimewithhisfriends.”可知，該男孩聽完解釋后轉(zhuǎn)變了想法。E項“現(xiàn)在第三個男孩明白了，朋友們應(yīng)該一起享受時光。”概括其內(nèi)心轉(zhuǎn)變，符合語境。故選E。第五篇（人與社會）Everyoneneedsfriends.Thereisanoldsaying,“FriendsareGod’swayoftakingcareofus.”1.Afamouswritertellsyoungstudentssomepracticalwaystofindfriends.2.Youplantitandtakecareofittomakeitgrow.First,youshouldchooseafriend.Whatmakesagoodfriend?Itisnotbecauseheorshehasmoneyorgoodlooks.3.Forexample,ifyouhaveabadday,agoodfriendwoulddohisorherbesttohelpyou.Tomakeafriend,youcan’tbetooshy.Youshouldshareyourlivesandmakeeachotherhappy.Eventhebestfriendshavefights.Whatshouldyoudowhenyouhaveafightwithyourfriend?Maybeyourfriendisangrywithyou,butyouhavetotalktohimorher.5.Ifheorshedoesn’twanttotalk,youcouldwritealetter.Youcantellhimorheryourfeelings,saywhatmakesyouunhappy,andexplainwhyyoudidthisorthat.Rememberthatfriendsareimportantinourlife.Let’strytomakeandkeepsome!A．Agoodfriendshouldbekindandpatient.B．Butthingscan’talwaysbehappy.C．Whenthereisnoonearound,haveanhonesttalk.D．Buthowdoyoufindandkeeparealfriend?E．Shesaysfindingafriendisjustlikeplantingatree.【答案】1．D2．E3．A4．B5．C【知識點】友誼、方法/策略【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了如何找到并維持真正的友誼，提供了選擇朋友的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、解決朋友間矛盾等實用技巧和建議。1．根據(jù)下文“Afamouswritertellsyoungstudentssomepracticalwaystofindfriends.”可知，此處應(yīng)引出“如何尋找并維持真摯友誼”的話題。D項“但是你如何找到并維持一個真正的朋友呢？”符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選D。2．根據(jù)下文“Youplantitandtakecareofittomakeitgrow.”可知，此處將交朋友比作種樹。E項“她說，找朋友就像種樹?！狈险Z境，通過比喻引出交友需用心經(jīng)營的道理。故選E。3．根據(jù)下文“Forexample,ifyouhaveabadday,agoodfriendwoulddohisorherbesttohelpyou.”可知，此處描述好朋友的特質(zhì)。A項“一個好朋友應(yīng)該善良且有耐心?！狈险Z境，與下文的舉例說明相呼應(yīng)。故選A。4．根據(jù)下文“Eventhebestfriendshavefights.”可知，此處應(yīng)說明友誼并非總是一帆風(fēng)順。B項“但事情不可能總是一帆風(fēng)順的?！狈险Z境，引出朋友間可能出現(xiàn)的矛盾。故選B。5．根據(jù)下文“Ifheorshedoesn’twanttotalk,youcouldwritealetter.”可知，此處建議朋友間發(fā)生矛盾時應(yīng)坦誠溝通。C項“當(dāng)周圍沒有人的時候，坦誠地談一談?！狈险Z境，與下文的“寫信溝通”形成遞進的解決方式。故選C。第六篇（人與自我）Doingsportsisbeingmoreandmoreimportantinourlives.Peopleallovertheworldenjoyplayingsports.1.Forexample,wecanenjoyswimming,running,jumpingandsoon.Peoplechoosesportsfordifferentreasons.Somepeopledosportsforfun,butmostpeopledothemforhealth.Sportscanhelpusbeestrongandkeepushealthy.2.Forexample,youngpeopleusuallylikeexcitingsports,suchasrunning.3.Anditcankeepcoldsandotherminorhealthproblemsaway.WhileoldpeoplelikeslowandgentlesportssuchasTaiChi.DoingTaiChiisgoodfortheelderly.4.Peopledodifferentsportsindifferentseasons.Forexample,peoplelikeswimminginsummer,whileskatingandskiingarepopularinwinter.Doyoulikedoingsports?Doyoudosportseveryday?Let’sstartdoingsportstogether.A．Differentpeoplelikedifferentsports.B．Sportschangewithseasons.C．Itcanrelaxtheirbodyandmind.D．Therearemanydifferentkindsofsportsinourlife.E．Runningmakestheirheartsandbodiesstrong.【答案】1．D2．A3．E4．C5．B【知識點】鍛煉/健身（個人）、說明文【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了運動在生活中的重要性、不同人群選擇運動的原因以及不同季節(jié)適合的運動類型。1．根據(jù)后文“Forexample,wecanenjoyswimming,running,jumpingandsoon.”可知，此處應(yīng)引出“運動種類繁多”的話題。D項“在我們的生活中有很多不同種類的運動。”符合語境，為下文的舉例鋪墊。故選D。2．根據(jù)后文“Forexample,youngpeopleusuallylikeexcitingsports…Whileoldpeoplelikeslowandgentlesports”可知，此處應(yīng)總述“不同人群喜歡不同運動”。A項“不同的人喜歡不同的運動。”符合語境，作為總起句引出下文的具體舉例。故選A。3．根據(jù)前文“Forexample,youngpeopleusuallylikeexcitingsports,suchasrunning.”及后文“Anditcankeepcoldsandotherminorhealthproblemsaway.”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹跑步對年輕人的好處。E項“跑步使他們的心臟和身體強壯?！狈险Z境，與后文的健康益處形成并列。故選E。4．根據(jù)前文“WhileoldpeoplelikeslowandgentlesportssuchasTaiChi.DoingTaiChiisgoodfortheelderly.”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹太極對老年人的好處。C項“它可以放松他們的身心?！狈险Z境，具體說明太極的益處。故選C。5．根據(jù)后文“Peopledodifferentsportsindifferentseasons.”可知，此處應(yīng)總述“運動隨季節(jié)變化”。B項“運動隨著季節(jié)而改變?！狈险Z境，作為總起句引出下文的季節(jié)運動舉例。故選B。第七篇（人與自我）Mostparentsfeelthattheirchildrennevergrowup,evenwhentheyare16or17yearsold.1.Forexample,whentheirchildrenneedtostayathomealone,theyalwaysworryaboutthem.Theybuytheirchildrenprettyclothes,coolshoes,expensiveschoolthingsandevenanicebike.Theythinktheyalwaysdoeverythingfortheirchildren.3.Butwhycan’ttheirchildrenstillunderstandthem?Doesitmeanthattheystillwantmorematerialthings?No,itdoesn’t.Infact,whattheyreallywantisatruefamily.Whatdoesatruefamilymean?4.Fromhere,wecangetwarmth,wecangetconsolation,andwecangethappiness.Andoneimportantthingisthatwecanbestrongandconfidentintheoutsideworldbecauseweknowthatwehaveafamily.SoIthinkthatparentsshouldsitdowntotalkwiththeirchildrentoletthemknowthattheyhaveatruefamily.5.Nochildrenwantotherstoseethemaslittleones.A．Parentsalwaysthinktheygivethebestthingstotheirchildren.B．Thenthechildrenandtheirparentscouldunderstandeachothermore.C．Theyonlywanttheirchildrentogetgoodgradesinexamsinreturn.D．Intheireyes,theirchildrenarealwayslittleoneswhooftenmakemistakes.E．Ithinkitmeansaplacewherewecanhideourselvesfromthecoldworldoutside.【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．E5．B【知識點】說明文、家庭關(guān)系【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了父母常覺得孩子長不大，過度關(guān)注物質(zhì)給予，卻忽視了孩子對“真正家庭”的需求——一個能給予溫暖、安慰與信心的港灣。1．根據(jù)“Mostparentsfeelthattheirchildrennevergrowup”及“Forexample,whentheirchildrenneedtostayathomealone,theyalwaysworryaboutthem”可知，此處描述父母眼中孩子的形象。D項“在他們眼里，孩子永遠(yuǎn)是小不點，還經(jīng)常犯錯。”符合語境，解釋了父母擔(dān)憂的原因。故選D。2．根據(jù)“Theybuytheirchildrenprettyclothes…expensiveschoolthings”及“Theythinktheyalwaysdoeverythingfortheirchildren”可知，此處體現(xiàn)父母對孩子的物質(zhì)付出。A項“父母總認(rèn)為自己給了孩子最好的東西?！狈险Z境，總領(lǐng)本段內(nèi)容。故選A。3．根據(jù)“Butwhycan’ttheirchildrenstillunderstandthem”及“Doesitmeanthattheystillwantmorematerialthings”可知，此處體現(xiàn)父母對孩子的單向期待。C項“他們只想要孩子用考試高分作為回報?！狈险Z境，解釋了父母的潛在訴求。故選C。4．根據(jù)“Whatdoesatruefamilymean?”及“Fromhere,wecangetwarmth…”可知，此處需定義“真正的家庭”。E項“我認(rèn)為它是一個能讓我們躲避外界寒冷的港灣。”符合語境，生動詮釋了家庭的意義。故選E。5．根據(jù)“parentsshouldsitdowntotalkwiththeirchildrentoletthemknowthattheyhaveatruefamily”及“Nochildrenwantotherstoseethemaslittleones”可知，此處描述溝通后的積極效果。B項“這樣孩子和父母就能更多地理解彼此。”符合語境，強調(diào)溝通對親子關(guān)系的促進作用。故選B。第八篇（人與自然）Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Somelandshavesomanyplants.1.Togrow,plantsneedsomethings.Oneiswarmth.Inverycoldplaces,almostnothinggrows.2.Inverydrypartsoftheearth,onlysomeunusualplantscangrow.That’swhytherearealmostnotreesorgrassindrydeserts.Plantsmustalsohaveaplacetoputdowntheirrootsandgrow.3.Ifaplaceisonhardland,theplantsherecanonlyfindthesoilbetweenthecracksofstonestogrowin.Whatwillhappenifwetrytomakethingsgrowonthesandybeach?Afewplants,suchasbeachgrass,willgrowinsand.Butmostplantswon’tgrow.Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseveryday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthebeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.Inaword,plantsareimportantpartsofnature.5.A．Plantsalsoneedwater.B．LoveMotherNature,andprotectplantsfirst.C．Butsomedon’thaveanyplantsatall.D．Itisdifficultforplantstogrowonhardland.E．Plantsmusthavefoodtogrow.【答案】1．C2．A3．D4．E5．B【知識點】說明文、植物【導(dǎo)語】本文主要探討了植物生長的必要條件，以及不同環(huán)境對植物生長的影響，最終呼吁保護植物。1．根據(jù)“Whydoplantsgrowinsomeplacesandnotinothers?Somelandshavesomanyplants.”可知，此處應(yīng)形成對比，說明有些地方?jīng)]有植物。C項“但有些地方根本沒有植物?！狈险Z境，承接前文的疑問。故選C。2．根據(jù)“Inverydrypartsoftheearth,onlysomeunusualplantscangrow.That’swhytherearealmostnotreesorgrassindrydeserts.”可知，此處應(yīng)點明“水分”是植物生長的必要條件。A項“植物也需要水。”符合語境，解釋了干旱地區(qū)植物稀少的原因。故選A。3．根據(jù)“Ifaplaceisonhardland,theplantsherecanonlyfindthesoilbetweenthecracksofstonestogrowin.”可知，此處應(yīng)總述“堅硬土地不利于植物生長”。D項“植物在堅硬的土地上很難生長?！狈险Z境，為下文的具體說明鋪墊。故選D。4．根據(jù)“Eveniftheweatheriswarmenoughandwewatertheplantseveryday,manyofthemwilldiebecausethesandonthebeachhasalmostnofoodforplants.”可知，此處應(yīng)點明“養(yǎng)分”是植物生長的必要條件。E項“植物生長必須有養(yǎng)分?！狈险Z境，解釋了沙灘上植物難以生長的原因。故選E。5．根據(jù)“Inaword,plantsareimportantpartsofnature.”可知，此處應(yīng)發(fā)出保護植物的呼吁。B項“熱愛大自然，首先要保護植物。”符合語境，作為全文總結(jié)，升華主題。故選B。第九篇（人與社會）Thereisaspecialshopinahighschool.It’snotthesameasothershops.1.Thatsoundsveryinteresting,right?Itwantstohelpstudentsbekindtootherpeople.Aftertheydogoodthingsforothers,thestudentscangetsomepoints.3.Also,thestudentscanhelpintheshopintheirfreetime.4.Theycanlearnsomejobskillsthere.Theshopsellsthingstothestudentsthreedaysaweek,fromMondaytoWednesday.EveryTuesday,theshopisopentootherpeopleforonehour.5.Becauseoftheshop,manypeopleinneedgethelp.Thestudentsinthisschoollearnalot,too.Whatagreatshop!A．It’susefulforthem.B．Whydoestheshopdothat?C．Theycangothereandtakesomethings,too.D．Thentheycanbuythingsintheshopwiththosepoints.E．Thestudentsintheschoolcangettheirfavouritethingsforfreethere.【答案】1．E2．B3．D4．A5．C【知識點】志愿服務(wù)、教育【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了一所高中內(nèi)的特殊商店，學(xué)生可通過做好事獲得積分兌換物品，也可在店內(nèi)兼職學(xué)習(xí)技能，同時幫助有需要的人。1．根據(jù)上文“It’snotthesameasothershops.”可知，此處應(yīng)介紹該商店的特別之處。E項“學(xué)校的學(xué)生可以在那里免費得到他們最喜歡的東西。”符合語境，點明其獨特性。故選E。2．根據(jù)下文“Itwantstohelpstudentsbekindtootherpeople.”可知，此處應(yīng)詢問商店設(shè)立的初衷。B項“為什么商店要這么做？”符合語境，引出下文的目的說明。故選B。3．根據(jù)上文“Aftertheydogoodthingsforothers,thestudentscangetsomepoints.”可知，此處應(yīng)說明積分的用途。D項“然后他們可以用這些積分在商店里買東西。”符合語境，銜接前文的積分規(guī)則。故選D。4．根據(jù)上文“thestudentscanhelpintheshopintheirfreetime”和下文“Theycanlearnsomejobskillsthere.”可知，此處應(yīng)說明學(xué)生在店內(nèi)幫忙的益處。A項“這對他們很有用。”符合語境，總結(jié)兼職的價值。故選A。5．根據(jù)上文“EveryTuesday,theshopisopentootherpeopleforonehour.”可知，此處應(yīng)說明非學(xué)生群體的參與方式。C項“他們也可以去那里領(lǐng)取一些東西。”符合語境，補充商店對其他人的服務(wù)。故選C。第十篇（人與自然）Rainforestsareforeststhatgetalotofrain.Itcanrainmorethan2.54cmeveryday!Therearerainforestsallovertheworld.1.Theyareverywarm.TheAmazonisinSouthAmerica.Itisthebiggestrainforestintheworld.Morethanhalfoftherainforestisinonecountry.2.ManyplantsandanimalsliveintheAmazon.Therearemorekindsofplantsandanimalstherethaninotherplacesintheworld.Therearemorethan400differentnativetribes!Nativepeopleusuallystayintherainforest.Theyfindfoodandbuildhomesthere.4.Mostofthetime,theyliveintheirownways.Today,toomanytreesintheAmazonarecutdownbypeople.5.Whatcanwedotoprotecttherainforestandthewildlifethere?A．AnditisbadforthewildlifeintheAmazon.B．Therestareineightothercountries.C．Youcanfindthemneartheequator.D．Theysometimesgointonearbytownstosellfood.E．PeopleliveintheAmazon,too.【答案】1．C2．B3．E4．D5．A【知識點】自然景觀、科普知識、環(huán)境保護、地理概況、自然遺產(chǎn)【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了熱帶雨林的分布特點，重點講述了世界最大的亞馬遜雨林的面積分布、豐富的動植物資源及當(dāng)?shù)卦∶竦纳钋闆r，并呼吁保護雨林。1．根據(jù)上文“Therearerainforestsallovertheworld.”和下文“Theyareverywarm.”及常識可知，赤道附近氣候溫暖，是熱帶雨林的主要分布區(qū)。C項“你可以在赤道附近找到它們?！狈险Z境，銜接地理位置與氣候特點。故選C。2．根據(jù)上文“TheAmazonisinSouthAmerica.Itisthebiggestrainforestintheworld.Morethanhalfoftherainforestisinonecountry.”可知，此處應(yīng)說明亞馬遜雨林剩余部分的分布。B項“其余的在其他八個國家?！狈险Z境，補充面積分布情況。故選B。3．根據(jù)下文“Therearemorethan400differentnativetribes!”可知，此處應(yīng)引出“亞馬遜雨林有人類居住”的話題。E項“人們也生活在亞馬遜?！狈险Z境，總領(lǐng)本段對原住民的介紹。故選E。4．根據(jù)上文“Nativepeopleusuallystayintherainforest.Theyfindfoodandbuildhomesthere.”和下文“Mostofthetime,theyliveintheirownways.”可知，此處應(yīng)描述原住民的部分對外活動。D項“他們有時會去附近的城鎮(zhèn)賣食物?！狈险Z境，體現(xiàn)其生活方式的多樣性。故選D。5．根據(jù)上文“Today,toomanytreesintheAmazonarecutdownbypeople.”可知，此處應(yīng)說明砍伐樹木的危害。A項“這對亞馬遜的野生動物是有害的?！狈险Z境，銜接砍伐行為與生態(tài)影響。故選A。第十一篇（人與社會）Whatsubjectsdoyouhaveatschool?Formoststudents,theylearnmanysubjectslikeEnglishandmathsintheclassroom.1.Thatisschoolgardening.Inthegardeningclass,atfirstteachersteachstudentshowtoplantvegetables.2.Theyreallylovethissubject.“Wecanhavegreatfuninthisclass.Wecangetoutanddothingswithourhands,”saysonestudent.It’salsofuntogetsomethingtoeatinclass.3.“Thetomatoismyfavouritevegetable.It’salwaysfuntogetatomato,cleanitandeatitrightinthegarden,”saysthestudent.Keepingaschoolgardenisnoteasyandallthestudentsneedtoeandhelp.Itteachesstudentstoworktogether.Also,somevegetablesareeasytogrowbutothersneedalongtime.Thisteachesstudentstheyneedtowaitbeforetheygetthethingstheywant.Andtheywanttohavemoresuchclassesinthefuture.A．Thenstudentsworktogether.B．Studentsreallylovehavingclasseslikethis.C．Somestudentsliketoplanttomatoesandcarrots.D．Studentscanlearnsomethingfromtheclasstoo.E．Now,thereisanewoutdoorsubjectinsomeschools.【答案】1．E2．A3．C4．D