2026年國際網(wǎng)絡安全技術文檔英文讀寫能力測試含答案Part1:ReadingComprehension(閱讀理解)TotalScore:30PointsInstructions:Readthepassagescarefullyandanswerthequestionsbasedontheprovidedinformation.1.Passage1(5Points)-CloudSecurityBestPracticesSource:NISTSpecialPublication800-144(2023)TheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)emphasizestheimportanceofcloudsecurityinmodernenterprises.Organizationsmustadoptamulti-layeredapproachtoprotectdataincloudenvironments.Keystrategiesinclude:-Encryption:Encryptdatabothatrestandintransit.-AccessControl:Implementstrongauthenticationmechanisms(e.g.,MFA).-Monitoring:Continuouslymonitorcloudactivityforanomalies.-Compliance:AdheretoindustrystandardslikeGDPRandHIPAA.Failuretofollowthesepracticescanresultinsignificantdatabreaches,financiallosses,andreputationaldamage.Questions:1.WhatistheprimaryfocusofNIST’scloudsecurityrecommendations?A)Reducingcloudcosts.B)Enhancingdataprotection.C)Streamliningcloudoperations.D)Encouragingcloudadoption.2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTarecommendedcloudsecuritystrategy?A)Multi-factorauthentication.B)Regularsoftwareupdates.C)Dataencryption.D)Manualaccesscontrol.2.Passage2(5Points)-RansomwareTrendsinEurope(2024)Source:EuropeanCybersecurityAgency(ECSA)ReportRansomwareattacksinEuropehavesurgedby35%in2024,withcriticalinfrastructurebeingthemosttargetedsector.Keytrendsinclude:-Nation-state-sponsoredattacks:GroupslikeREvilandContiareincreasinglytargetingEuropeanutilities.-Doubleextortiontactics:Attackersnowdemandpaymentinadditiontodataleaks.-Weaksupplychainvulnerabilities:Third-partysoftwareflawsareexploitedtobreachlargefirms.TheECSCadvisesmemberstatestoenhanceincidentresponsecapabilitiesandcollaborateonthreatintelligencesharing.Questions:1.AccordingtotheECSAreport,whichsectorhasbeenmostaffectedbyransomwareinEurope?A)RetailB)HealthcareC)CriticalinfrastructureD)Finance2.WhatisaprimarymethodusedbyransomwaregroupsinEurope?A)PhishingemailsB)SupplychainattacksC)DDoSattacksD)Socialengineering3.Passage3(5Points)-AIinCybersecurity:OpportunitiesandRisksSource:InternationalAssociationofPrivacyProfessionals(IAPP)WhitePaperArtificialintelligence(AI)istransformingcybersecuritybyautomatingthreatdetection.However,italsointroducesrisks:-Adversarialattacks:AIsystemscanbemanipulatedbyattackerstomisbehave.-Biasinalgorithms:AImayprioritizecertainthreatsoverothersduetotrainingdataflaws.-Regulatorychallenges:GDPRandCCPArequirestrictoversightofAI-drivensecuritytools.OrganizationsmustbalanceAI’sbenefitswiththeseriskstomaintainrobustdefenses.Questions:1.WhatisasignificantriskassociatedwithAIincybersecurity?A)ReducedefficiencyB)AdversarialattacksC)HighercostsD)Lackofscalability2.HowdoregulatoryframeworkslikeGDPRimpactAIusageinsecurity?A)TheybanAIinallsecuritysystems.B)TheyrequiretransparencyinAIdecision-making.C)TheyprioritizeAIoverhumanoversight.D)TheylimitAItoonlyfinancialapplications.Part2:WritingTask(寫作任務)TotalScore:20PointsInstructions:Writea200-250wordessayonthetopicbelow.Topic:TheRoleofZeroTrustArchitectureinModernCybersecurityExplainhowZeroTrustArchitecture(ZTA)differsfromtraditionalsecuritymodels.Discussitsbenefits,suchasreducedlateralmovementforattackers,anditschallenges,suchasimplementationcomplexity.Provideareal-worldexampleofZTAinaction.Part3:TranslationTask(翻譯任務)TotalScore:10PointsInstructions:TranslatethefollowingChinesetextintoEnglish.ChineseText:“隨著遠程工作的普及，企業(yè)必須加強端點安全防護。這意味著采用多因素認證、定期漏洞掃描和設備加密等措施。同時，員工培訓也是關鍵，以減少人為錯誤導致的安全漏洞?！盇nswerKeyandExplanations(答案與解析)Part1:ReadingComprehension1.Passage1(5Points)1.B)Enhancingdataprotection.Explanation:ThepassagehighlightsNIST’sfocusonmulti-layeredsecuritystrategiestosafeguardclouddata.2.D)Manualaccesscontrol.Explanation:Thetextexplicitlymentionsautomatedaccesscontrol(MFA)butdoesnotendorsemanualmethods.2.Passage2(5Points)1.C)Criticalinfrastructure.Explanation:TheECSAreportidentifiesthissectorasthemosttargetedduetoitshighimpact.2.B)Supplychainattacks.Explanation:Thereportnotesthatthird-partysoftwareflawsareexploitedfrequently.3.Passage3(5Points)1.B)Adversarialattacks.Explanation:ThewhitepapermentionsAImanipulationasakeyrisk.2.B)TheyrequiretransparencyinAIdecision-making.Explanation:RegulatoryframeworksdemandaccountabilityinAI-drivensystems.Part2:WritingTask(SampleAnswer)TheRoleofZeroTrustArchitectureinModernCybersecurityZeroTrustArchitecture(ZTA)revolutionizescybersecuritybyrejectingthetraditional"trustbutverify"model.Unlikeconventionalsecurity,ZTAassumesnointernalorexternaluserisinherentlytrustworthyandenforcesstrictaccesscontrolsforeverydeviceanduser.Keybenefitsincludeminimizinglateralmovementforattackersandreducingtheriskofdataexfiltration.However,ZTAposeschallenges,suchascomplexityinimplementationandintegrationwithlegacysystems.Forexample,GoogleCloudhasadoptedZTAtosecureitsmulti-cloudenvironment,usingpolicieslike"nevertrust,alwaysverify."Whilecostlyupfront,ZTA’sproactiveapproachisvitalintoday’sinterconnecteddigitallandscape.Part3:TranslationTask(Answer)"Withtheproliferationofremotewor