第1題Infectionpreventionandcontrolmainlyreferstotheinterruptionofinfectiontransmissionfromonepersontoanotherbyadoptingrelevantmeasures.第2題Thehumanbodyitselfisavastreservoirofbacteria,withanestimated90%ofthecellswithinthehumanbodybeingbacteria.第3題SARS,AIDS,andhumaninfectionswithhighlypathogenicavianinfluenzaaremanagedasClassBinfectiousdiseaseswithpreventionandcontrolmeasuresofClassAinfectiousdiseases.第4題ImplementingactionsforthepreventionandcontrolofinfectiousandendemicdiseasesisoneofthetasksoftheHealthyChinaInitiative.第5題Allbacteriaarepathogenic,cancauseinfectionsandharmtothehumanbody,soallbacteriashouldbeeradicated.第6題"Thehygienehypothesis"suggeststhatearlyexposuretocertainpathogenssuchassomeworms,viruses,orbacteriahelpsintheformationandmaintenanceofself-toleranceandimmunebalance,therebyreducingtheincidenceofallergicandautoimmunediseases.第7題Specificinfections,alsoknownassuppurativeinfections,includeconditionssuchasboils,carbuncles,erysipelas,acutemastitis,andacuteappendicitis,amongothers.第8題OfthetoptenthreatstoglobalhealthlistedbytheWorldHealthOrganizationin2019,thoserelatedtoinfectionsare:AGlobalinfluenzapandemicBVaccinehesitancyCAntimicrobialdrugresistanceDDengueandHIV正確答案：ABCD第9題Characteristicsofpublichealthinclude:AEmphasizethehealthof"thepublic"andthepopulation,coveringawiderange.BPreventionisthebestcure.CTreatmentandrehabilitationforeachpatientDItisasocialproductthatmustberealizedthroughthepowerofsociety.正確答案：ABD第10題Accordingtotheregulationsofourcountry'sInfectiousDiseasePreventionandControlLaw,ClassAinfectiousdiseasesinclude:ASARSBHumaninfectionwithhighlypathogenicavianinfluenzaCPlagueDCholera正確答案：CD第1題Pneumoniacanbeclassifiedintolobarpneumonia,lobularpneumonia,andinterstitialpneumoniaaccordingtothecauseofillness.第2題BacterialpharyngotonsillitisisprimarilycausedbyStaphylococcusaureus.第3題Ifthepneumoniaiscausedbyaviralinfection,antibacterialdrugscanbeusedfortreatment.第4題Acutetracheobronchitisiscausedbybacterialinfection,anditisbettertousemoreadvancedantibiotics.第5題Apatientwithsputumsmear-positivetuberculosiscanquicklyloseinfectivityundereffectivetreatment.第6題Pneumococcalpneumoniapatientshavejelly-likesputumorgray-greenpurulentsputum.第7題Anegativesputumtestfortuberculosisbacteriaindicatesthatthepersondoesnothavetuberculosis.第8題Viralpneumoniaiscontagiousandcanbetransmittedthrough().ADropletsBDirectcontactCBloodbornetransmissionDNoneoftheabove正確答案：AB第9題Thetreatmentofacutetracheobronchitisincludes:ASymptomatictreatmentBEtiologicaltreatmentCGeneraltreatmentDConservativetreatment正確答案：ABC第10題Lowerrespiratorytractinfectionsincludeinfectionsoccurringinthe()area.ANose,pharynx,andlarynxBTracheaCbronchiatalllevelsDLungs正確答案：BCD章節(jié)測試第1題Inthelatestageofchronichepatitis,whenlivercirrhosisoccurs,thepatient'sliverisactuallysmaller.第2題TendernessandreboundtendernessatMcBurney'spointaretypicalsignsofappendicitis.第3題Thereisstronggastricacidinthestomach,sonobacteriacansurvive.第4題Thekeypointsinthepreventionandcontrolofinfectiousdiarrheaaremanagingwatersources,managingfeces,managingfood,andeliminatingflies.第5題McBurney'spointislocatedatthejunctionofthemiddleinnerthirdofthelineconnectingthenavelandtherightanteriorsuperioriliacspine.第6題HepatitisBandhepatitisCareprimarilytransmittedthroughthedigestivetract.第7題Thenatureofabdominalpaininsimpleappendicitisisparoxysmalseverepainordistensionpain.第8題Theupperdigestivetractincludes:AOralcavityandpharynxBEsophagusCStomachDSmallintestine正確答案：ABC第9題ThefollowingbehaviorsgenerallydonottransmithepatitisB:ARazorfromabarbershopBsexualtransmissionCmedicalinstrumentscontaminatedwithHBVDsharedeatingutensils.第10題Thecharacteristicsofabdominalpaininacuteappendicitisare:ALeftlowerabdominalpainshiftingtorightlowerabdominalpain.BLeftupperabdominalpainfollowedbyrightlowerabdominalpain.CTheabdominalpaininitiallyappearsintherightlowerabdomen.DInitialupperabdominalpain,followedbyrightlowerabdominalpain.章節(jié)測試第1題Themostcommonrouteofurinarytractinfectionisascendinginfection.第2題Latelatentsyphilisisgenerallynon-infectious.第3題Primarysyphilisisprimarilycharacterizedbyahardchancreatthegenitalareaandenlargedlymphnodes.第4題PeoplewithHIVaretheonlysourceofHIVtransmission.第5題ThemostcommonpathogencausingspecificbladderinfectionsisMycobacteriumtuberculosis.第6題HIVcannotbetransmittedthroughsharedutensilsorintimatecontactsuchasshakinghandsorkissing.第7題Neglectingthepsychologicaltreatmentofpatientsisoneofthereasonsforthepoortreatmentoutcomesofchronicprostatitis.第8題Thetransmissionprocessofsyphilisisdividedinto:AStageIBStageIICStageIIIDStageIV正確答案：ABC第9題Theprincipleofsyphilistreatmentis:ATimelytreatmentBEarlytreatmentCRegularandsufficienttreatmentDAdequatefollow-upaftertreatment正確答案：ABCD第10題WhichofthefollowingisnotarouteoftransmissionfortheHIVvirus?ASexualcontactBBloodtransfusionCMother-to-childDHandshakeESharedsyringeinjection章節(jié)測試第1題Acycloviristhefirst-choicedrugforcytomegalovirusmeningitis.第2題Purulentmeningitisisaself-limitingdiseasewithagenerallyshortcourseandfewcomplications.第3題Themainrouteoftransmissionofviralmeningitisisthefecal-oralroute.第4題ThemostcommonbacteriumcausingpurulentmeningitisisStaphylococcusaureus.第5題Meningealirritationsignsinclude:AHeadacheBNuchalrigidityCKernigsignDBrudzinskisign正確答案：BCD第6題Thepathologicalsiteofpurulentmeningitisis:AArachnoidBPiamaterCDuramaterDNoneoftheabove正確答案：AB第7題Inthecerebrospinalfluidexaminationresultsofchildrenwithviralmeningitis,whichofthefollowingmayoccur?ATurbidappearanceBDecreasedpressureCDecreasednumberofcellsDNormalproteinENormalsugarandchloridecontent正確答案：E第8題Themostcommonviralencephalitisinclinicalpracticeis:ACytomegalovirusencephalitisBEnterovirusencephalitisCHerpessimplexvirusencephalitisDHerpeszostervirusencephalitisEAdenovirusencephalitis章節(jié)測試第1題Patientswithviralmyocarditismayexperiencetachycardia,bradycardia,andvariousarrhythmiasthatarenotparalleltothefever.第2題Aftersurgery,infectiveendocarditispatientsdonotneedcontinuedantibiotictreatment.第3題Thetreatmentprincipleforasymptomaticrheumaticheartdiseasepatientsismainlytomaintainandenhancethecompensatoryfunctionoftheheart.第4題Corticosteroidscanberoutinelyusedforthetreatmentofviralmyocarditis.第5題Itisnecessaryforthegeneralpublictopreventinfectiveendocarditis.第6題Orthopneaisaforcedposition.第7題Rheumaticfeverisabacterialinflammation.第8題Thetypicalsymptomsofrheumaticheartdiseaseare:ADyspnea,orthopneaBCough,hemoptysisCLossofappetiteDPalpitations正確答案：ABCD第9題Theclinicalmanifestationsthatareconsideredperipheralsignsofinfectiveendocarditisinclude:ARothspotsBOsler'snodesCJanewaylesionsDHeartmurmurEHeartvalvevegetation正確答案：ABC第10題Viralmyocarditisismorecommonlyseenin:ANeonateBInfantandtoddlerCChildDAdolescentEAdultsunder40yearsold正確答案：CE章節(jié)測試第1題Thecommonlyusedchemotherapyregimenforboneandjointtuberculosisisa6-monthintensivephaseoftreatmentfollowedbya2-monthconsolidationphase.第2題Thoracicspinaltuberculosisabscess,whenthevolumeofpusincreases,mayprotrudetowardstheback,leadingtoconditionssuchaspyothoraxandpulmonaryabscess.第3題Bloodsamplesforbloodcultureinpatientswithhematogenousosteomyelitisshouldbecollectedandsentfortestingbeforetheuseofantibiotics,asdoingsoafterstartingantibioticsmayaffectthecultureresultsandlowerthepositiveculturerate.第4題Thehistopathologyofboneandjointtuberculosisisdividedintotheexudativephase,proliferativephase,andcaseousdegenerationphase.第5題Inpatientswithhematogenousosteomyelitis,thelesionmayaffectthenervesthatsupplytheaffectedlimb,leadingtomusclespasmsinthenearbymuscles,makingthelimbimmobile.Thisphenomenonisclinicallyreferredtoas"pseudo-paralysis."第6題Whenpyogenicarthritisaffectsdeepjoints,therewillbenoticeableredness,swelling,heat,andpainlocally.第7題Commonlyusedanttuberculosisdrugsinclude:AIsoniazid(H)BRifampin(R)CPyrazinamide(Z)DStreptomycin(S)正確答案：ABCD第8題Thedevelopmentofpyogenicarthritiscanberoughlydividedintothreestages:ASerousexudativephaseBSerofibrinousexudativephaseCPurulentexudativephaseDProteinaceousexudativephase正確答案：ABC第9題Thetreatmentofboneandjointtuberculosisincludes:ASupportivetreatmentBAnti-tuberculosisdrugtreatmentCLocaltreatmentDSurgicaltreatment正確答案：ABCD第10題Thefollowingstatementabout"coldabscess"isincorrect:AItiscausedbypyogenicbacteria.BTheskinovertheaffectedareaisredandfeelswarmtothetouch.CItisacommoncomplicationofspinaltuberculosis.DTheabscessfromlumbartuberculosiscanspreadalongthemusclespacestotheinnerthigh.正確答案：AB章節(jié)測試第1題Thepathogenoferysipelasisβ-hemolyticstreptococcus.第2題Onceaskinabscessisdetected,surgicalincisionanddrainageshouldbeperformedpromptly.第3題Patientswithcellulitisinthefloorofthemouthandsubmandibularareashouldundergoearlyincisionanddrainagetopreventlaryngealedemaandasphyxiation.第4題Skinandsofttissueinfectionsareinflammatorydiseasescausedbytheinvasionofpyogenicpathogensinto().AEpidermisBDermisCSubcutaneoustissueDMuscularlayer正確答案：ABC第5題Theprimarypathogensresponsibleforsuperficial,localizedskinandsofttissueinfectionsare:AStaphylococcusaureusBStreptococcuspyogenesCPseudomonasDAnaerobicbacteriaEPasteurellagenus正確答案：AB第6題Ifthepathogenicbacteriainfectnotonlythehairfolliclesbutalsothesurroundingtissueandsebaceousglands,theresultinginflammationiscalled:AFolliculitisBfuruncleCcarbuncleDacutecellulitisEerysipelas章節(jié)測試第1題Forpersonalhealthandsafety,patientsshouldnotpurchaseantibacterialdrugsfrompharmaciesontheirownandchoosetotakethembythemselves.第2題Anti-infectivedrugsareabsolutelysafeandhavenosideeffects.第3題Forpatientswithviraldiseases,coma,shock,tumors,orthoseusingadrenalco