Unit

4OxfordEnglishModule2EnvironmentalproblemsPeriod3Grammar

NaturaldisastersTolearntouseitastheemptysubjectObjectiveUsingitastheemptysubject(I)HaveALkIt’snineo’clockinthemorning.Mybedroomfloorisapoolofwater.Itisoneo’clock.Itissummernow.Itrainedallday.Itisonlyafive-minutewalkfrommyhometotheschool.Itishotinthisroom.Observethesesentencesandthinkaboutwhatitrefersto.thetimetheseasontheweatherthedistancethetemperaturetimeseasonweather代詞it可用作主語，表示時(shí)間、季節(jié)、天氣、溫度或距離等。如：Itishalfpasttwelve.Itisspring.Itisfinetoday.Itistwenty-fivedegreescentigrade.Itistwokilometrestothepostoffice.it的用法ITranslatethefollowingChinesesentencesintoEnglish.現(xiàn)在是十點(diǎn)十分。賓館距離海灘兩英里遠(yuǎn)。今天早晨下雨了。今天天氣相當(dāng)暖和。It’stenpastten.It’stwomilesfromthehoteltothebeach.Itwasrainingthismorning.It’squitewarmtoday.Answerthequestionsusingitasthesubject.(P55)AItissunny.Itistwelveo’clock.ItisFebruary18th.Itisspring.Itisfivekilometres.Putthewordsinthecorrectordertomakemeaningfulsentences.(P56)BItistimeforsuppernow.ItisautumninAustralianow.Itisaboutfivekilometrestothepark.Itwaswindyyesterday.Usingitastheemptysubject(II)HaveALkMybosshasgivenmesomework.It’simportanttostick

withit.2.Ittookalongtimetobuildthehouse.3.ItiswrongtopaynoattentiontoKevin.4.Itisnotagoodideatositaround

andworry

abouttheflood.Observethesesentencesandthinkaboutwhatitrefersto.形式主語真正的主語當(dāng)句子的主語是動詞不定式短語時(shí)，一般用代詞it作形式主語放在句首，而將真正的主語動詞不定式短語放在句末。如：ItispleasanttositintheSun.ItwasapleasuretositintheSun.it的用法IIIt+is/was+形容詞/名詞+todosth.Rewritethesentencesbelowusingitastheemptysubject.1.Toeathealthilyisveryimportant.2.Tostudytwolanguagesisveryhard.3.Tofindoutthetruthisimportant.Itisveryimportanttoeathealthily.Itisveryhardtostudytwolanguages.Itisimportanttofindoutthetruth.Writeasentenceusingitandato-infinitiveundereachpicturebelow.(P57)CItisimportanttostaycalmwhenthereisafire.Itisdangeroustostartafireintheforest.Itisagoodideatotakeanumbrella.Itisnicetohaveapicnicinthepark.注意：有時(shí)動詞不定式有自己的邏輯主語，常由“for/of+sb.”構(gòu)成?！癐t+is/was+adj

+(for/of+sb)+todosth.”★(forsb)

若形容詞描述事物的特征性質(zhì),如:easy,useful，important,dangerous等★(ofsb)

若形容詞描述人物的性格品質(zhì),如:kind,polite,nice,careful等Fillintheblankswithfor/ofItis

impossible

____me

tofinishthewritinginhalfanhour.Itisnot

easy

____him

tolearnEnglishwell.Itis

clever

____youtoleaveatonce.Itisvery

kind

____youtothinksomuchforothers.forforofofit作為形式主語還常見于Itseems/appearsthat…的句型中。如：1.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.2.Itseems/appearsthat

nobodyispayinganyattentiontotheflood.TranslatethefollowingChinesesentencesintoEnglish似乎沒有一個(gè)人相信Kevin說的話。Itseemed/appearedthatnobodybelievedKevin.你爸爸似乎并不了解你。Itseems/appearsthatyourfatherdoesn’tunderstandyou.看樣子Jim不太喜歡我。Itseems/appearsthatJimdoesn’tlikeme.Putthewordsinbracketsinthecorrectordertocompletetheconversations.(P57)DItseemsthatatyphooniscoming.Itappearsthattheflighthasbeencancelled.Itseemsthatsomethingbadhashappenedtoher.Usingitastheemptysubject

Ⅰ

it可用作主語，表示時(shí)間、季節(jié)、天氣、溫度或距離等。

Ⅱ

it

作形式主語代替真正的主語（動詞不定式短語）It+is/was+adj/n+todosth.It+is/was+adj

+(for/of+sb)+todosthit

作為形式主語還常見于Itseems/appearsthat…句型中

Itseems/appearsthat…SummaryTohaveagoodknowledgeofhistoryisveryhelpfulforallofus.Tolearnaforeignlanguageisveryusefulforascientist.Tofinishthisworkinthreehoursisnecessary.Itisveryhelpfulforallofustohaveagoodknowledge.Itisnecessarytofinishthisworkinthreehours.Itisveryusefulforascientisttolearnaforeignlanguage.I.用it作形式主語改寫句子。現(xiàn)在十點(diǎn)半了。好像他又犯了同樣的錯(cuò)誤。

在那個(gè)城市夏天炎熱冬天寒冷。很容易理解他為什么沒回來。Itistenthirtynow.II.翻譯下列句子。Itappears/seems

thathehasmadethesamemistakeagain.Itishotinsummerandcoldinwinterinthatcity.Itiseasytounderstandwhyhehasnotcomeback.HHomework1.用it作形式主語，改寫下列句子。

?Tohaveagoodknowledgeofhistoryisveryhelpfulforallofus.

?Tolearnaforeignlanguageisveryusefulforascientist.

?Tofinishthisworkinthreehoursisnecessary.

?Tositbythefirewith