八年級下冊Unit1

Pastandpresent

Grammar：PresentperfecttenseReviewQ:WhatchangeshaveyouseeninShenzhen?Shenzhen,acityin_________China,hasdevelopedfrom______________________into___________________.IthaswonanhonourfromUNESCOforbeingarolemodelin__________________..Shenzhenisthefirstcityintheworldtouse____________foralmostallitsbusesandtaxis.Ithasbecome_____________ofChina’sdevelopment.southernafishingvillageatophigh-techcityencouragingreadingamongthepublicgreenenergyasymbolReadandfindoutmoreaboutShenzhen’schanges.Q:Whattenseisusedinthesesentences?1.He’slivedtheresincehefinishedcollege.2.Transporthasalsoimprovedalot.Peoplecangetaroundthecityeasily.3.I’veonlybeenthereonce.Presentperfecttense現(xiàn)在完成時_________+_________have/hasdoneQ:Whattenseisusedinthesesentences?thepastparticiplesofverbsHe’slivedtheresincehefinishedcollege.自大學畢業(yè)以來，他就一直住在那里。Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkabout:①anactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent;（從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)）;presentpasthaslivedtherefinishedcollegeWhentousethepresentperfecttense

e.g.MrChenhaslivedinSunshineTownsince

hewasborn.e.g.陳先生自從出生就住在陽光鎮(zhèn)。Transporthasalsoimprovedalot.交通也有了很大的改善。（言下之意：人們出行從而變得方便。）②

anactionthathappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwiththe______________(past,present);（動作發(fā)生在過去但對現(xiàn)在有一定的影響）;present

presentpastpeoplecangetaroundthecityeasilyTransportimprovedWhentousethepresentperfecttense

e.g.Ihavelostmymobilephone.e.g.我的手機丟了。IhavebeentoBeijingmanytimes.我去過北京好多次了。③

howmanytimesanactionhashappenedupto______________(thepresent,somepointinthefuture).（表示某個動作從過去到現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的次數(shù)）thepresent

pastpresentWhentousethepresentperfecttense

e.g.Ihaveheardthesongmanytimes.e.g.我聽過這首歌很多次了。FormthepastparticiplesofverbsRulesofformingthepastparticiplesofregularverbshave/has+donehave/has+doneRulesofformingthepastparticiplesofirregularverbsFormthepastparticiplesofverbshave/has+donehave/has+not+doneFormthesentencestructuresHave/Has+subject+done...?Yes,subject+have/has.No,subject+haven’t/hasn’t.FormthesentencestructuresHaveatryShehascleanedthekitchen.(改為否定句)She________cleanedthekitchen.2.TheyhavevisitedsomeinterestingplacesinChina.(改為一般疑問句)______they___________interestingplacesinChina?3.Theyhaveborrowedtenbooksfromthelibrary.(對劃線部分提問)____________books______they_________fromthelibrary?hasn’tHavevisitedanyHowmanyhaveborrowedhaschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedTherearemanychangesinSunshineTown...haschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedQ:Whyshouldweusethepresentperfecttense??since+aspecifictime過去的時間點

e.g.Hehaslivedheresince2000.

+asentenceinthesimplepasttense從句(一般過去時)e.g.HehaslivedheresincehecametoBeijing.?

for

+aperiodoftime一段時間

e.g.Hehaslivedherefor5years.Timeadverbials?

over/inthe(past/last)years“在(過去的)這幾年間”

e.g.Greatchanges__________(take)placeover/inthepasttenyears.havetakene.g.We____________(learn)manyEnglishsongssofar.havelearned?

sofar,uptonow,until/tillnow“到目前為止”

?already

“己經(jīng)”用于肯定句

句中(助后實前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“還(沒)”用于否定句

句末“己經(jīng)”

用于疑問句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet??yet當在肯定陳述句中含有already時，在轉(zhuǎn)換成否定句或疑問句時，要把句中的already去掉，在句末加上yet.I_______already

________(collect)somestamps.

havecollected否：I__________________anystamps______.haven’tcollectedyet疑：________you__________anystamps______?HavecollectedyetTimeadverbials?already

“己經(jīng)”用于肯定句

句中(助后實前)/句末e.g.I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.=I’vehadbreakfastalready.“還(沒)”用于否定句

句末“己經(jīng)”

用于疑問句

句末

Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.Haveyouhadbreakfastyet??yet?ever

“曾經(jīng)”用于肯定句/一般疑問句

句中?never

“從未”用于否定句

句中e.g.HaveyouevereatenBeijingDuck?e.g.Hehasnever

readthestory.—Haveyou______seenthemovie?—Yes,Ihave.never B.ever C.justD.yetTimeadverbialsTimeadverbials?

just“剛剛”，常用于肯定句中e.g.Ihave

just

finished

lunch. 我剛吃過午飯。just→presentperfecttense

；justnow→simplepasttense—I’ve_____finishedtheEnglishhomework.Whataboutyou?

—Ifinishedit____too.justnow;just

B.just;just

C.justnow;justnow

D.

just;justnow?recently

“最近”e.g.Ihavemetherrecently.?before

“以前”句末

e.g.I’veseenitbefore.?

timeadverbialsindicatingthenumberoftimes表示次數(shù)e.g.He_________(see)thefilm

twice.hasseenhaschangedhasturnedhasimprovedhavemovedbuilthaven’tvisitedQ:Whyshouldweusethesimplepasttense?

SimplepasttensePresentperfecttense構成時間狀語語義側(cè)重點didhave/has+doneyesterday,in1980,lastweek,…ago,justnow,theotherday等for,since,ever,never,just,yet,recently,before,次數(shù),inthepastyears,overtheyears,sofar等表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)?！爸卦谶^去”持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)；強調(diào)過去事情對現(xiàn)在的影響;到目前為止動作發(fā)生的次數(shù)。

“旨在當前”Q:What’sthedifferencebetweenpresentperfecttenseandsimplepasttense?foundhasworkedleftwenthasreturnedboughthavevisited指代前文提到的某個過去時間點之后，動作從該時間點開始持續(xù)或重復到現(xiàn)在。havelivedhavebeenhavefallenhavebeenHavenoticedareenjoy單數(shù)形式：therehasbeen+單數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式：therehavebeen+復數(shù)名詞Whatarethechangesinyourhometown?HousingWeusedtoliveinsmallhouses,butmostfamilieshavemovedintonewbuildings.Whatarethechangesinyourhometown?CultureEnvironmentIndustryThequalityoflifeTransportPairworkA:Hi!Longtimenosee.Iheardyouwentbacktoyourhometownlastmonth.Howwasthevisit?B:Oh,it’samazing!_____________________________________________.A:Wow,that’sgreat.Myhometownhaschangedalottoo.___________________________________________________________________________.B:Really?____________________________________________________.A:That’scool.Inmyhometown,__________________________________.B:Timesreallyhavechanged.Ithinkourhometownswillbecomeevenbetterinthefuture.A:Iagree.Ican’twaittogobackduringtheholidaytoseemorechanges!PresentperfecttenseFormthepastparticiplesofverbsWhentousethepresentperfecttense

FormthesentencestructuresTimeadverbialshave/has+donehave/has+not+doneHave/Has+subject+done...?Yes,subject+have/has.N