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2026年新高考英語構(gòu)詞法專項(xiàng)試卷(附答案可下載)注意事項(xiàng)1.本試卷滿分100分,考試時間60分鐘,聚焦新高考英語構(gòu)詞法核心考點(diǎn),涵蓋派生法(前綴un-/in-/dis-/im-、后綴-er/-or/-tion/-ment/-able/-ful/-less等)、合成法(合成名詞/形容詞/動詞)、轉(zhuǎn)化法(名動/形動轉(zhuǎn)化)及構(gòu)詞法在語境中的應(yīng)用等高頻場景。2.答題前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在答題卡指定位置,字跡清晰、工整,不得涂改。3.所有答案必須書寫在答題卡對應(yīng)答題區(qū)域,寫在本試卷、草稿紙等非指定位置的答案一律無效。4.考試結(jié)束后,須將本試卷和答題卡一并交回,不得私自留存、復(fù)制試卷或答題卡內(nèi)容。第一部分單項(xiàng)選擇題(共15小題,每小題2分,滿分30分)從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Thelittleboyisvery______(help).Healwaysvolunteerstohelphisclassmateswiththeirhomework.A.helpB.helpfulC.helplessD.helping2.It’s______(possible)tofinishtheheavytaskinoneday.Weneedmoretimeandpeople.A.possibleB.impossiblyC.impossibleD.possibility3.Mybrotherisa______(drive)whoworksinataxicompany.Heisverycarefulontheroadeveryday.A.driveB.driverC.drivingD.driven4.The______(discover)ofthenewmedicinehassavedthousandsofpeople’slives.It’sagreatachievementinmedicalfield.A.discoverB.discoveredC.discoveryD.discovering5.Shewas______(happy)becauseshefailedthefinalexam.Herparentsencouragedhertocheerup.A.happyB.happilyC.unhappyD.happiness6.Weshould______(use)plasticbagstoprotecttheenvironment.It’sourdutytomaketheearthgreener.A.useB.reuseC.uselessD.useful7.The______(teach)inourschoolareallexperienced.Theyarepatientwitheverystudent.A.teachB.teacherC.teachersD.teaching8.Thisbookisvery______(interest).Ihavereadittwiceandstillwanttoreaditagain.A.interestB.interestingC.interestedD.interestingly9.He______(agree)withhisparents’decisionbecausehethoughtitwasnotfairtohim.A.agreeB.disagreedC.agreementD.agreeable10.The______(friend)betweenthetwocountrieshaslastedformorethan50years.A.friendB.friendlyC.friendshipD.friendliness11.Thismachineis______(operate)easily.Eventheelderlycanuseitwithouthelp.A.operateB.operatorC.operationalD.operable12.She______(like)eatingsweetfoodbecauseitisbadforherteeth.A.likeB.dislikeC.dislikesD.likeness13.The______(develop)ofscienceandtechnologyhasmadeourlifemoreconvenient.A.developB.developmentC.developedD.developing14.Thistaskis______(manage)ifweworktogether.Wecanfinishitontime.A.manageB.managerC.manageableD.management15.Heisa______(honest)boy.Henevertellsliestohisteachersandparents.A.honestB.dishonestC.honestyD.honestly第二部分完形填空(共10小題,每小題3分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Inourdailylife,weoftenmeetdifferentkindsofpeopleandthings.Someofthembringusjoy,whileothersmakeusfeel______(41).Butnomatterwhathappens,weshouldkeepapositiveattitudeandbe______(42)toothers.MyneighborMr.Liisa______(43)whorunsasmallshopnearourcommunity.Heisalways______(44)tohelppeopleinneed.Lastmonth,aheavyraindestroyedtheroofofanoldlady’shouse.Mr.Livolunteeredtorepairitforfree.Theoldladywasvery______(45)andthankedhimmanytimes.Mr.Li’ssonisacollegestudentwhostudiesenvironmentalscience.Heoftengives______(46)onhowtoprotecttheenvironmentinourcommunity.Forexample,headvisesusto______(47)paperandplasticbottlesinsteadofthrowingthemaway.Healsotellsusthatit’s______(48)tocutdowntoomanytreesbecausetheyareimportantforourair.UndertheinfluenceofMr.Liandhisson,moreandmorepeopleinourcommunityhavebecome______(49)aboutenvironmentalprotection.Weoftenorganizeactivitiestocleanthecommunityandplanttrees.Theseactivitieshave______(50)ourcommunityamorebeautifulandharmoniousplacetolivein.41.A.happyB.unhappyC.happilyD.happiness42.A.friendB.friendlyC.friendshipD.friendliness43.A.shopB.shopperC.shopkeeperD.shopping44.A.willingB.unwillingC.willingnessD.willingly45.A.thankB.thankfulC.thankfullyD.thanks46.A.adviseB.adviceC.advisableD.advisor47.A.reuseB.useC.uselessD.useful48.A.harmB.harmfulC.harmlessD.harmfully49.A.careB.carefulC.carelessD.caring50.A.makeB.madeC.makingD.makes第三部分語法填空(共10小題,每小題2分,滿分20分)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~(用所給詞的構(gòu)詞法形式填空)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MybestfriendLucyisa______(51)(create)girl.Shelikes______(52)(design)differentkindsofhand-madeworks.Her______(53)(create)oftensurpriseusbecausetheyareveryuniqueandbeautiful.Lucy’smotherisan______(54)(art)whoteachespaintinginamiddleschool.Shehasalotof______(55)(experience)inpainting.Underhermother’s______(56)(guide),Lucyhasbecomemoreandmoreinterestedinart.Lastyear,Lucytookpartinahand-madecompetition.Shespenttwoweeks______(57)(prepare)forit.Herworkwasa______(58)(color)picturemadeofwastepaperandcloth.Thejudgesthoughtherworkwasvery______(59)(impress)andshewonthefirstprize.Lucysaidshewouldcontinueto______(60)(develop)herhobbyandhopedtobecomean______(61)(invent)inthefuture.Shewantstocreatemoreusefulthingstomakepeople’slifemore______(62)(comfort).第四部分短文改錯(共10小題,每小題2分,滿分20分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改(錯誤多為構(gòu)詞法相關(guān)錯誤)。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Yesterday,ourschoolheldasciencefair.Itwasaveryexciteeventforallthestudents.Manystudentsshowedtheirinventandscienceprojects.MyclassmateTommadeausemachinethatcanhelptheelderlygetupeasily.Hespentthreemonthstodevelopthemachine.Histeacherandclassmateswereallprideofhim.Tomsaidhegottheideafromhisgrandpa,whoisdifficultyingettingupeverymorning.Ialsotookpartinthefair.Ishowedaenvironment-friendlybagthatImadebymyself.Thebagismadeofwastecloth,soit’sreuseandharmlesstotheenvironment.Manyteacherspraisedmeformycreate.Thissciencefairmademerealizethatscienceisveryimportantinourlife.Weshouldkeepcuriousandtrytofindsolvetodifferentproblemsinourdailylife.參考答案第一部分單項(xiàng)選擇題(30分)1-5:BCBCC6-10:BCBBC11-15:DCBCA解析:1.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ful)。help+ful→helpful(有幫助的),修飾名詞boy用形容詞,選B。2.考查派生法(否定前綴im-+形容詞后綴)。possible前加im-→impossible(不可能的),it’s+形容詞+todosth.,選C。3.考查派生法(名詞后綴-er)。drive+r→driver(司機(jī)),由a可知用單數(shù)名詞,選B。4.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ery)。discover+ery→discovery(發(fā)現(xiàn)),the后接名詞,選C。5.考查派生法(否定前綴un-+形容詞)。happy前加un-→unhappy(不開心的),be后接形容詞,選C。6.考查派生法(前綴re-+動詞)。use前加re-→reuse(重復(fù)使用),情態(tài)動詞should后接動詞原形,選B。7.考查派生法(名詞后綴-er)。teach+er→teacher(老師),由are可知用復(fù)數(shù)teachers,選C。8.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ing)。interest+ing→interesting(有趣的),修飾物用-ing形容詞,選B。9.考查派生法(否定前綴dis-+動詞)。agree前加dis-→disagree(不同意),由thought可知用過去式disagreed,選B。10.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ship)。friend+ship→friendship(友誼),the后接名詞,選C。11.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-able)。operate去e+able→operable(可操作的),be后接形容詞,選D。12.考查派生法(否定前綴dis-+動詞)。like前加dis-→dislike(不喜歡),主語she后用第三人稱單數(shù)dislikes,選C。13.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ment)。develop+ment→development(發(fā)展),the后接名詞,選B。14.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-able)。manage去e+able→manageable(可管理的、可完成的),be后接形容詞,選C。15.考查派生法(形容詞)。honest本身為形容詞(誠實(shí)的),前面用an修飾,選A。第二部分完形填空(30分)41-45:BBCAB46-50:BABDB解析:41.考查派生法(否定前綴un-+形容詞)。由“some...whileothers...”表對比可知,此處用happy的否定形式unhappy(不開心的),選B。42.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ly)。friend+ly→friendly(友好的),be后接形容詞,選B。43.考查派生法(合成名詞/后綴-keeper)。shop+keeper→shopkeeper(店主),由a可知用單數(shù)名詞,選C。44.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ing)。willing(愿意的),bewillingtodosth.(愿意做某事),選A。45.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ful)。thank+ful→thankful(感激的),be后接形容詞,選B。46.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ice)。advise去e+ice→advice(建議),giveadviceon(就……提建議),選B。47.考查派生法(前綴re-+動詞)。use前加re-→reuse(重復(fù)使用),advisesb.todosth.(建議某人做某事),選A。48.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ful)。harm+ful→harmful(有害的),it’sharmfultodosth.(做某事有害),選B。49.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ing)。care+ing→caring(關(guān)心的),becaringabout(關(guān)心……),選D。50.考查轉(zhuǎn)化法(動詞過去分詞)。make的過去分詞為made,此處為現(xiàn)在完成時(have+過去分詞),選B。第三部分語法填空(20分)51.creative52.designing53.creations54.artist55.experience56.guidance57.preparing58.colorful59.impressive60.develop61.inventor62.comfortable解析:51.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ive)。create去e+ive→creative(有創(chuàng)造力的),修飾名詞girl用形容詞,填creative。52.考查派生法(動名詞形式)。likedoingsth.(喜歡做某事),design的動名詞為designing,填designing。53.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ion)。create去e+ion→creation(作品、創(chuàng)造物),由surprise可知用復(fù)數(shù)creations,填creations。54.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ist)。art+ist→artist(藝術(shù)家),由an可知用單數(shù)名詞,填artist。55.考查名詞用法。experience(經(jīng)驗(yàn))為不可數(shù)名詞,填experience。56.考查派生法(名詞后綴-ance)。guide+ance→guidance(指導(dǎo)),underone’sguidance(在某人的指導(dǎo)下),填guidance。57.考查動名詞用法。spendtimedoingsth.(花費(fèi)時間做某事),prepare的動名詞為preparing,填preparing。考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ful)。color+ful→colorful(彩色的),修飾名詞picture用形容詞,填colorful。59.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-ive)。impress去s+ive→impressive(令人印象深刻的),be后接形容詞,填impressive。60.考查動詞用法。continuetodosth.(繼續(xù)做某事),填develop。61.考查派生法(名詞后綴-or)。invent去e+or→inventor(發(fā)明家),由an可知用單數(shù)名詞,填inventor。62.考查派生法(形容詞后綴-able)。comfort去t+able→comfortable(舒適的),make+賓語+形容詞(賓語補(bǔ)足語),填comfortable。第四部分短文改錯(20分)1.excite→exciting(派生法:-ing形容詞修飾物,excite+ing→exciting)2.invent→inventions(派生法:動詞變名詞,invent+ion→invention,用復(fù)數(shù)inventions)3.use→useful(派生法:形容詞后綴-ful,use+ful→useful,修飾名詞machine)4.todevelop→developing(固定搭配:spendtimedoingsth.,用動名詞developing)5.pride→proud(派生法:名詞變形容詞,pride→proud,beproudof為固定搭配)6.difficulty→difficult(派生法:名詞變形容詞,difficulty→difficult,bedifficultindoingsth.)7.a→an(冠詞用法:environment-friendly以元音音素

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