第1題TMVisakindofplant().AbacteriumBfungusCarchaeD

virus第1題Whofirstly

inventedmicroscopesandthoughttobeFatherofMircobiology?

ARobertKochBLouisPastureCAntonyvanLeeuwenhockD

AlexanderFleming第2題Microorganismscanbespontaneouslygeneratedfrominanimatematter?Homework0.3第1題StanleyB.Prusinernamedanewkindofvirus,whichcaused

Creutzfeldt-Jakobdiseaseandrelatedillnessesaffectingpeopleandanimalsinvolvethedegenerationofbraincells.Itis(

).

AHIVBHBVCPrionD

HMVHomework1.1第1題Bacterialcellsareoftensurroundedbyseverallayers,whicharecollectivelycalledthecellenvelope?第2題Whichonehelpsbacteriaresisttophagocytosis

andadheretosurfaces?AcapsuleBinclusionC

ribosomeDcellwallHomework1.2第1題Twomostcommonshapesofbacteriaarecocciandrods.第2題

Whichisanexcellentrepresentativeoftheaveragesizeofbacteria?AB.subtilisBE.coliCProsthecatebacteriaD

E.fishelsoniHomework1.3第1題Whichofthemetablicprocesseshappenedonthebacterialcellmembrane().ARespirationBphotosynthesisCDNAreplicationDSynthesisoflipidsandcellwallconstituents正確答案：DCA第2題Themostwidelyacceptedmodelformembranestructureisthefluidmosaicmodel.Homework1.4第1題TheperiplasmicspaceofthecellwallinGrampositivebacteriaiswiderthanthatinGramnegativebacteria.

Homework1.5第1題Whichdyecanmakethebacteriumbecomepurple?AcrystalvioletBiodineCalcoholDsafranin第2題After(),thecellofGram-negativebacterialosesstainandbecomescolorless.AdyingofcrystalvioletBmordantingCalcoholwashDdyingofsafraninHomework1.6第1題Glycocalyxcanencompassbothcapsulesandslimelayersbecausetheyusuallyarecomposedof(

).AmonosaccharidesBLipopolysaccharidesCpolysaccharidesDglycoprotein第2題Slimelayersarelayersthatarewellorganizedandnoteasilywashedoff.Homework1.7第1題PHBisakindofcarbonsource,canbe

usedinmakingbiodegradeableplastics.第2題Polyphosphategranulesstorethephosphateneededforsynthesisofimportantcellconstituentssuchas().AribosomeBcellwallCnucleicacidsDplasmmembraneHomework1.8第1題Whichoccupyasmuchashalfthesporevolumeandwas

madeofpeptidoglycan?AcortexBcoreCinnermembraneD

exosporium第2題Thecorehasveryhighwatercontent,highamountsofdipicolinicacidcomplexedwithcalciumions(Ca-DPA),andaslightlylowerpH.Homework1.9第1題Themorphologiesof

Endosporesare()AcentrallylocatedsporesBterminalsporesC

swollensporesD

subterminalspores正確答案：ABC第2題whichofthefollowingstrainscouldn’tproduceendospores?A

BacillussubtilisBBacillusmegateriumCClostridiumpectinovorumDE.coliHomework1.10第1題Mostbacterialandarchaealreproduceby（）AbinaryfissionBproducehyphaCformmultinucleoidfilamentDmultiplefission

第2題Despitethediversityofbacterialreproductivestrategies.Inallcases,thegenomeofthecellmustbereplicatedandsegregatedtoformdistinctnucleoids.Homework2.1第1題Whichisanirregularnetworkofbranchingandfusingmembranoustubules

ofwhichfunctionsaretotransportofmaterials.AnucleusBendoplasmicreticulumC

ribosomeD

Golgi第2題Bacterialandarchaealcellsarefunctionallysimplerinseveralways.Theylackmitosisandmeiosis,andhaveadifferentgeneticorganization.

Homework2.2第1題whichonecouldusuallybeusedtoproduceorganicacids?AmoldByeastCbacteriaDmushroom第2題FungiusuallygrowbetterinanacidicpH.Homework2.3第1題InthelifecycleofS.cerevisiae,italternatesbetweenhaploidanddiploidstates.第2題Whennutrientsarelimited,diploidS.cerevisiaecellsundergomeiosistoproduce()haploidcellsA1B2C3D4Homework2.4第1題Arthroconidiaisakindofsexualspore.

第2題Reproductioninfungicanbeeitherasexualorsexual.Homework3.1第1題Whicharethecharacteristcsofviruses?

AinfectiousagentsBsimpleCacellularDcellular正確答案：ABC第2題Virusescanexistonly

intracellularly.Homework3.2第1題Thesimplestvirionsareconstructedofanucleocapsid.第2題

whichoneisofhelicalcapsidstructure?ATobaccomosaicvirusBinfluenzaviruseCadenovirusDHIVHomework3.3第1題Thepossiblenucleicacidtypesare(

).AdsDNABssDNACssRNADdsRNA正確答案：ABCD第2題MostDNAvirusesuse()astheirgeneticmaterial.AdsDNABssDNACssRNADdsRNAHomework3.4第1題T4isanexampleofavirulentphage.

第2題Thestepsofalyticvirustoinvadeabacterialcellare.

AattachmentandinjectionBreplicationCassembleDrelease正確答案：ACBDHomework4.1第1題Whichcarbonsource

canbeusedfirstlybythemicroorganisms?AstarchBglucoseClactoseDsucrose第2題Aminoacidscanonlybeusedasnitrogensource.Homework4.2第1題Therearetwonutritionaltypesaccordingtothecarbonsources.A

phototrophsandchemotrophsBautotrophsandheterotrophsClithotrophsandorganotrophD

autotrophsandorganotrophHomework4.3第1題Therateofpassivediffusiondependsonthesizeoftheconcentrationgradientbetweenacell'sexterioranditsinterior.第2題Activetransportisthetransportofsolutemoleculestohigherconcentrationswithouttheinputofmetabolicenergy.Homework4.4第1題Thecompositionofaculturemediumarepeptone5.0g/L,beefextract3.0g/L.Whichtypeisthismediumclassified?AdefinedmediumBcomplexmediumCsolidmediumDdifferentialmedium第2題OntheEMBplates,coloniesofGram-negativebacteriaare().Ared,metallicsheenBgreen,metallicsheenCred,clearzoneDgreen,clearzoneHomework5.1第1題Howmanyhigh-energybondsinamoleculeofATP?A1B2C3D4第2題Biochemicalpathwayscanalsobelinearandcyclic.Homework5.2第1題WhichonehasthemostnegativeE0’ACO2/GlucoseBH+/H2CNAD+/NADHDH2O/O2第2題TheprocessofemployGlucosetoreleaseenergy,isaprocessof().AAnabolismBCatabolismCmetabolismDcatalyzing第3題TheelectronsaretransferredtoO2

viaaseriesof

electroncarriers

thatareorganizedintoasystemcalled().AFMNBNADHCCoQDETCHomework5.3第1題Thereare3typesinthebiologicalfulingofheterochemoorganisms.

AaerobicrespirationBaerobicrespiration,anaerobicrespirationCfermentationDEMPpathway正確答案：ABC第2題WhichisnotthepathwayforproducingH?AEMPBHMPCEDDETCHomework5.4第1題Whichonecouldnotbetheelectrondonorforchemoautotrophicmicroorganisms?AH2BH2SCSO32-DSO42-第2題

Therearemanykindsofmechanismsforproducingenergy,suchas()AOxidativephosphorylationBSubstancelevelphosphorylationCPhotophosphorylationDcatabolism正確答案：ABCHomework5.5第1題Manyenzymesdodoubledutyinthemetabolism.Homework6.1第1題Spread-plateandpour-platetechniquesaresimilarinthattheybothdiluteasampleofcellsbeforeseparatingthemspatially.

第2題Coloniesofbacteriaaredifferentin(

).AformBelevationCmarginDcolor正確答案：ABCDHomework6.2第1題Populationgrowthofmicrobesreproducingbybinaryfissioninabatchculturecanbeplottedasthelogarithmofthenumberofviablecellsversustheincubationtime.Therearefourdistinctphases(

).AlagphaseBlogphaseCstationaryphaseDdeathphase正確答案：ABCD第2題ThegenerationtimeofE.coliundertheincubationtemperature40°Cisabout（）。A10minB20minC1hD12hHomework6.3第1題Indirectmeasurementofcellnumbers,()isemployed.

AmicroscopeBcountingchamberCpetridishDinoculatingloop第2題TheresultsofplatingcountsareoftenexpressedintermsofCFU.

Homework6.4第1題Mostknownbacteriaandprotistsareneutrophiles.

第2題()donotrequireO2forgrowthbutgrowbetterinitspresence.

AobligateaerobesBfacultativeanaerobesCaerotolerantmicrobesDstrictanaerobesHomework7.1第1題TransformationexperimentsuggestedDNAwasresponsibleforstoringgeneticinformation.第2題Inthephageinfectionexperiment,theDNAofphageislabeledby

_____.A32PB35SC15ND13C第3題

mRNAservesasatemplate

duringtheprocessofproteintranslation.Homework7.2第1題TheDNAofplasimdisphysicallyseparatedfromthatofchromosome.Homework7.3第1題Mutantisaproductofmutation,orinotherwords,resultedfrommutation.

第2題Amestestisanexperimentalproceduretodeterminewhetherachemicalispotentialmutagen.Homework7.4第1題ThebacteriastraininvolvedinAmestestis_______.

ASaccharomycescerevisiaeBE.coliCSalmonellatyphimuriumDStreptomycescoelicolerHomework7.5第1題Whichisnot

oneofthetypesofgeneticrecombinationforprokaryote?ATransformationBTransductionCConjugationDHybridizationHomework7.6第1題WhichenzymewouldbeusedforconnectingvectorandtargetDNAfragment?ALigaseBEndonucleaseCDNaseDRNaseHomework8.1第1題TaqenzymewasfirstlyisolatedfromThermusaquaticus(Taq).

Homework8.2第1題Mycorrhizarepresentstoakindofsymbiosisbetweenplantandmicrobes.Homework8.3第1題Incarboncycle,manybacteriaandsomefungiplayas_____________.

AproducersBconsumersCdecomposersDprimaryconsumersHomework8.4第1題Chemicaloxygendemand(COD)istheamountofoxygennecessarytooxidizealloftheorganiccarboncompletelytoCO2

andH2O.Homework8.5第1題Somemicroorganismscanplaybeneficaleffectsonplantgrowthwhilesomecanplaynegativeeffects.Homework9.1第1題Amicroorganismthat

causediseasetoits'hostcanbecalledpathogen.

Homework9.2第1題Adaptiveimmnunityisalsocallednon-specificimmunity.Homework9.3第1題Anantigencanhaveseveralantigenicdeterminantsitesthatcanbindspecificallywithantibody.Homework9.4第1題Physicalbindbetweenantigenandantibodycanbereversedonsomeconditions.Homework9.5第1題Autovaccineisakindof______vaccine.AliveBDNACdeadDtoxoidHomework10.1第1題Oneofthefirststrainsstudiedandoftenismorefullycharacterizedthanotherstrainsiscalled____正確答案：:typestrain第2題Eachtaxonhasaspecificsuffix.第3題Intaxonomichierarchysystem,eachorganismsisassignedtoaKingdom,____,Class,Order,____，____and____.正確答案：:Phylum正確答案：:Family正確答案：:Genus正確答案：:SpeciesHomework10.2第1題Thescientificnameofmicrobialusedisthedoublenamemethodestablishedby_.ABergeyBWoeseCLinnaeusDAinsworth第2題Thegenericnameandthespeciesnameshouldnotbelatinizedanditalicized.第3題Thescientificnameofmicrobialiscomposedofthe____nameandthe____nameinbinominalnomenclature.正確答案：:genericname正確答案：:speciesnameHomework10.3第1題Allthemorphologyfeaturescanbeusedtoidentifyallmajorgroupsofmicroorganisms.第2題(

)is

idealforstudiesofmicrobialevolution,relatedness