高中英語語法主謂一致專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試題主謂一致是英語句子構(gòu)造的核心邏輯之一，要求主語與謂語在“數(shù)”的范疇上保持一致。它貫穿語法填空、短文改錯(cuò)、書面表達(dá)等高考題型，是精準(zhǔn)表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵。以下結(jié)合“語法一致”“意義一致”“就近一致”三大原則，設(shè)計(jì)分層訓(xùn)練題并附解析，助力同學(xué)們突破語法難點(diǎn)。一、語法一致原則專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（形式?jīng)Q定數(shù)）核心邏輯：主語的“單復(fù)數(shù)形式”直接決定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)（單數(shù)主語→單數(shù)謂語；復(fù)數(shù)主語→復(fù)數(shù)謂語）。基礎(chǔ)鞏固題1.Asingleflower____(brighten)thewholeroom.2.Thesebeautifulflowers____(brighten)thewholeroom.3.Freshair____(be)necessaryforourhealth.能力提升題1.Thenewsabouttheearthquake____(shock)everyone.2.Myfavoritesubject____(be)EnglishandChinese.（提示：“and”連接的表語不改變主語單復(fù)數(shù)）3.Everyboyandeverygirlintheclass____(know)theschoolrules.二、意義一致原則專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（含義決定數(shù)）核心邏輯：謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由主語的“實(shí)際意義”決定（如集合名詞表“整體”用單數(shù)，表“成員”用復(fù)數(shù)；時(shí)間/金錢/距離表“整體概念”用單數(shù)）。集合名詞考點(diǎn)1.Ourteam____(be)thebestintheschool.（team表“整體”）2.Theteam____(be)discussingtheirstrategy.（team表“成員”）3.Thefamily____(move)toanewcitylastyear.（family表“整體”）時(shí)間/金錢/距離考點(diǎn)1.Tenthousandyuan____(be)notasmallamountforastudent.2.Twokilometers____(be)ashortdistancetowalk.三、就近一致原則專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練（鄰近主語決定數(shù)）核心邏輯：謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)由靠近它的主語決定（典型結(jié)構(gòu)：therebe,notonly...butalso...,either...or...等）。經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu)訓(xùn)練1.There____(be)apenandthreebooksonthedesk.2.Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudents____(love)thismovie.3.Eitheryouoryourbrother____(have)tocleantheroom.四、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)主謂一致專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練不定代詞作主語1.Everyoneintheclub____(enjoy)theparty.2.Neitheroftheanswers____(be)correct.非謂語/從句作主語1.____(learn)aforeignlanguage____(open)upnewopportunities.（動(dòng)名詞短語作主語）2.Whathetoldus____(be)veryinspiring.（主語從句作主語）綜合訓(xùn)練題（含高考高頻考點(diǎn)）請(qǐng)結(jié)合上述原則，完成以下句子的謂語動(dòng)詞填空：1.Thenumberofpeopleinthehall____(be)over500.2.Anumberofbirds____(fly)tothesouthinwinter.3.Neitherthemanagernortheworkers____(be)satisfiedwiththeplan.4.Thepolice____(be)lookingforthemissingchild.5.Threeyears____(pass)sincewegraduated.6.Whatthescientistsdiscovered____(change)ourunderstandingoftheuniverse.7.Notonlythetwinsbutalsotheirmother____(like)painting.8.Eachstudentandeachteacher____(receive)agiftonTeachers’Day.9.Thefamily____(be)watchingTVtogethernow.10.Togiveis____(receive).參考答案及解析一、語法一致原則基礎(chǔ)鞏固題1.brightens（單數(shù)主語“asingleflower”→單數(shù)謂語）2.brighten（復(fù)數(shù)主語“theseflowers”→復(fù)數(shù)謂語）3.is（不可數(shù)名詞“air”→單數(shù)謂語）能力提升題1.shocked（不可數(shù)名詞“news”→單數(shù)謂語，結(jié)合語境用過去式）2.is（主語“subject”為單數(shù)，表語“EnglishandChinese”是對(duì)“subject”的補(bǔ)充說明）3.knows（“every...andevery...”結(jié)構(gòu)作主語，謂語單數(shù)）二、意義一致原則集合名詞考點(diǎn)1.is（team表“整體”→單數(shù)謂語）2.are（team表“成員”→復(fù)數(shù)謂語）3.moved（family表“整體”→單數(shù)謂語，結(jié)合“l(fā)astyear”用過去式）時(shí)間/金錢/距離考點(diǎn)1.is（“tenthousandyuan”表“整體金額”→單數(shù)謂語）2.is（“twokilometers”表“整體距離”→單數(shù)謂語）三、就近一致原則1.is（therebe句型中，靠近的主語“apen”是單數(shù)→is）2.love（靠近的主語“students”是復(fù)數(shù)→love）3.has（靠近的主語“yourbrother”是單數(shù)→has）四、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)不定代詞作主語1.enjoys（everyone→單數(shù)謂語）2.is（neitherof...→單數(shù)謂語）非謂語/從句作主語1.Learning;opens（動(dòng)名詞短語“l(fā)earning...”作主語→單數(shù)謂語）2.was（主語從句“whathetoldus”表“單數(shù)概念”→單數(shù)謂語，結(jié)合語境用過去式）綜合訓(xùn)練題1.is（“thenumberof...”表“數(shù)量”→單數(shù)謂語）2.fly（“anumberof...”表“許多”→復(fù)數(shù)謂語）3.are（neither...nor...中靠近的主語“workers”是復(fù)數(shù)→are）4.are（police表“成員”→復(fù)數(shù)謂語）5.haspassed（“threeyears”表“整體時(shí)間”→單數(shù)謂語，結(jié)合“since”用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）6.changed（主語從句表“單數(shù)概念”→單數(shù)謂語，結(jié)合語境用過去式）7.likes（notonly...butalso...中靠近的主語“mother”是單數(shù)→likes）8.receives（“each...andeach...”→單數(shù)謂語）