中石化職稱英語考試試題庫及答案一、詞匯與語法（共20題，每題1分，共20分）1.Thenewcatalystcan______thereactionratebynearly40%.A.accelerate?B.accumulate?C.accompany?D.accommodate答案：A2.Ifthepressure______above6MPa,theemergencyshutdownvalvewillbetriggeredautomatically.A.raises?B.rises?C.arises?D.raisesup答案：B3.Thetechnicianinsistedthatthedefectivevalve______immediately.A.bereplaced?B.replaced?C.replaces?D.replacing答案：A4.Thereportconcludedthatthecorrosionwas______tochloridestresscracking.A.attributed?B.contributed?C.distributed?D.constituted答案：A5.Notuntiltheflarestackwasrepaired______theunitrestart.A.could?B.can?C.did?D.had答案：A6.Thelaboratoryhaspurchaseda______spectrometerforsulfurcontentanalysis.A.portable?B.portabletype?C.portably?D.portability答案：A7.Themanagerdemandedthatallweldingprocedures______beforecommissioning.A.recertify?B.recertified?C.berecertified?D.arerecertified答案：C8.Theviscosityindexofthebaseoilishigh,______itstemperaturedependenceislow.A.whereas?B.therefore?C.despite?D.otherwise答案：B9.Thefirewaterringmainmustbe______everyshifttoensurereadiness.A.drained?B.flushed?C.sampled?D.vented答案：B10.Thenewregulationrequiresthatstoragetanks______withinternalfloatingroofs.A.equip?B.areequipped?C.beequipped?D.equipped答案：C11.Theoperatornoticeda______soundcomingfromthereciprocatingcompressor.A.harshmetallic?B.harshlymetallic?C.metallicharsh?D.metallicharshly答案：A12.Theunitwasshutdown______thesuddendropincolumnbottomlevel.A.inviewof?B.onbehalfof?C.withregardto?D.bymeansof答案：A13.Theinspectionintervalwasextended______theriskassessmentindicatedlowprobabilityoffailure.A.providedthat?B.sothat?C.inthat?D.exceptthat答案：A14.Thecorrosioncouponwasweighed______microgramstoensureaccuracy.A.by?B.in?C.to?D.with答案：C15.Theemergencyresponseteamis______toarriveatthescenewithinfiveminutes.A.bound?B.supposed?C.obliged?D.compelled答案：B16.Theflaretiptemperaturemust______above500°Ctoensurecompletecombustion.A.maintain?B.bemaintained?C.bemaintaining?D.havemaintained答案：B17.ThenewfirmwareallowstheDCS______thepumpvibrationinrealtime.A.monitor?B.monitoring?C.tomonitor?D.monitored答案：C18.Thechiefengineerrecommendeda______materialforthesourservicepipeline.A.low-carbon?B.lower-carbon?C.lowest-carbon?D.lower-carboned答案：A19.Thecrackingfurnacewasbroughtdownfor______after11,000hoursofoperation.A.decoking?B.deloading?C.depressuring?D.derimming答案：A20.Thesamplewastransferredintoa______bottletoavoidlightdegradation.A.brown-colouredopaque?B.opaquebrown-coloured?C.colouredopaquebrown?D.brownopaque答案：D二、閱讀理解（共4篇，每篇5題，每題2分，共40分）Passage1Therefinery’snewdelayedcokerunitwasdesignedtoprocess1.4milliont/aofvacuumresidue.Aclosed-loopwaterrecyclingsystemwasintegratedtominimiseliquideffluent.Duringstart-up,however,operatorsobservedthatthehigh-pressurewater-jetpumpsrepeatedlytrippedonlowsuctionpressure.Investigationrevealedthatdissolvedgasesintherecycledwaterwerecausingcavitationatthepumpimpellereye.Atemporarydeaeratordrumwasinstalledupstreamofthepumps;thedrumoperatedat60°Cand50kPaabsolute,allowinggasestoflashoff.Afterthreedaysofstableoperation,thedrumwasbypassedtotesttheoriginalconfiguration.Withintwohourspumpvibrationsroseabove8mm/s,confirmingthatthedeaeratorwasessential.Thefinalsolutionwastoinstallapermanentverticaldeaeratorwith5minutesresidencetimeandapackedsectiontoenhancegas-liquidcontact.Sincethen,nocavitation-relatedtripshaveoccurred,andpumplifehasdoubled.21.TheinitialproblemwascausedbyA.hightemperature?B.dissolvedgases?C.lowviscosity?D.highsalinity答案：B22.ThetemporarydeaeratoroperatedatA.50°Cand60kPa?B.60°Cand50kPa?C.60kPaand50°C?D.50kPaand60kPa答案：B23.ThebypasstestaimedtoA.reduceresidencetime?B.validatethediagnosis?C.savesteam?D.increasethroughput答案：B24.ThepermanentdeaeratorwasdesignedwithA.acycloneseparator?B.apackedsection?C.amembranemodule?D.acoalescer答案：B25.ThemainbenefitafterthemodificationwasA.highercokeryield?B.lowerenergyconsumption?C.longerpumplife?D.reducedcokedust答案：CPassage2Sinopec’sQingdaorefineryrecentlyreplaceditstraditionalfixed-roofgasolinetankswithinternal-floating-roof(IFR)tanksequippedwithfull-contactaluminiumhoneycombdecks.Theprimaryobjectivewastocutvolatileorganiccompound(VOC)losses.Priortotheupgrade,breathinglossesduringatypicalsummerdayreached800kgpertank.AfterIFRinstallation,emissionsdroppedto90kg,translatingintoannualsavingsof230tofgasolineand680tofCO?-equivalent.Thedecksarefittedwithdoublewipersealsandcolumnwellswithfabricsleeves.Rim-mountedsecondarysealswereavoidedbecausepreviousinspectionsshowed60%ofrimfiresoriginatedatsecondarysealgroundingstraps.Instead,thedesignemploysacontinuous30mmrimgapmonitoredbyultrasonicsensors.Anygapincreaseabove5mmtriggersamaintenancealert.Theprojectpaybackperiodwas14months,drivenbyproductrecoveryalone,excludingcarboncredits.26.Theoldtanksemittedapproximately______ofgasolineperdayinsummer.A.90kg?B.230kg?C.680kg?D.800kg答案：D27.ThenewdecksaremadeofA.stainlesssteel?B.aluminiumhoneycomb?C.carbonfibre?D.glass-reinforcedplastic答案：B28.SecondarysealswereomittedbecauseA.theyincreasecost?B.theycausegroundingfailures?C.theyreducebuoyancy?D.theyhinderinspection答案：B29.TherimgapismeasuredbyA.radar?B.ultrasonicsensors?C.manualgaugetape?D.infraredcamera答案：B30.ThepaybackwasachievedinA.5months?B.10months?C.14months?D.24months答案：CPassage3Aminescrubbingunitsarepronetofoaming,especiallywhenthegasstreamcontainsheavyhydrocarbonsorfineparticulates.AttheLuoyangpetrochemicalplant,diethanolamine(DEA)lossesreached1.2tpermonth,forcingfrequenttop-upsanddownstreamfilterchanges.Asixsigmateamidentifiedthatthemaincontributorwascompressorlubeoilcarry-over.Theoilformedastableemulsionattheamine-gasinterface,stabilisedbyironsulphideparticles.Thecountermeasurepackageincluded:(1)installationofhigh-efficiencyoilcoalescersupstreamoftheabsorber,(2)replacementoftraditionalsockfilterswithpleated5μmcartridges,(3)continuousinjectionof50ppmoflow-foamingantifoambasedonpolyalkyleneglycol,and(4)upgradeofthecarbonbedfrom6×12meshto4×10meshtoimprovehydrocarbonremoval.Threemonthsafterimplementation,DEAlossesfellto0.3tpermonth,andabsorberpressuredropstabilisedat35kPa,eliminatingunplannedshutdowns.31.TheprimarycauseoffoamingwasA.hightemperature?B.lubeoilcarry-over?C.highCO?content?D.aminedegradation答案：B32.IronsulphideparticlesactedasA.catalysts?B.emulsionstabilisers?C.corrosioninhibitors?D.antifoamagents答案：B33.ThenewfilterratingwasA.1μm?B.5μm?C.10μm?D.50μm答案：B34.TheantifoamdosagewasA.5ppm?B.15ppm?C.50ppm?D.150ppm答案：C35.ThecarbonbedmeshsizewaschangedtoA.6×12?B.4×10?C.8×16?D.12×20答案：BPassage4SinopecResearchInstitutehasdevelopedanano-ceramiccoatingforflaretipsoperatingat1,300°C.Thecoatingconsistsofthreelayers:a200μmmetallicbondcoatofNiCrAlYappliedbyhigh-velocityoxygenfuel(HVOF),a300μmintermediatelayerofyttria-stabilisedzirconia(YSZ)byairplasmaspray,anda100μmtopcoatoflanthanumzirconateforthermalemissivitycontrol.FieldtrialsattheTianjinrefineryshowedthatuncoated310SSflaretipssuffered4mmerosionafter8months,whereascoatedtipsexhibitedlessthan0.2mmloss.Infra-redimagingrevealedsurfacetemperatures80°Cloweroncoatedtips,indicatingreducedthermalstress.Thecoatingalsosuppressedcokedepositionby70%,attributedtothelowsurfaceenergyoflanthanumzirconate.Economicanalysisindicatesathree-foldextensionofflare-tiplife,translatingintosavingsof1.2millionRMBperflareoverfiveyears.36.ThebondcoatmaterialisA.YSZ?B.NiCrAlY?C.La?Zr?O??D.310SS答案：B37.ThetopcoatthicknessisA.100μm?B.200μm?C.300μm?D.500μm答案：A38.ErosiononuncoatedtipswasA.0.2mm?B.2mm?C.4mm?D.8mm答案：C39.LowersurfacetemperatureimpliesA.higheremissivity?B.lowerthermalstress?C.increasedcokeformation?D.reducedflareheight答案：B40.ThecoatingreducedcokedepositionbyA.30%?B.50%?C.70%?D.90%答案：C三、完形填空（共10題，每題1分，共10分）Thedelayed-cokerunitwasshutdownforitsfour-yearlyturnaround.Afterthecokedrumswere__41__andcooled,inspectorsenteredthevesselthroughthebottomhead.Theyfoundunexpected__42__ontheinnersurface:a2mmlayerofhardcokeresemblingmetalcarbide.Laboratoryanalysisrevealedhighvanadiumandnickelcontent,__43__fromthefeedstock.Suchdeposits__44__heattransferandcancausehotspotsleadingtobulging.Theteamdecidedto__45__thelayerusinghigh-pressurewaterjetsoperatingat1,200bar.Toprotectthedrumshell,rotationalnozzleswere__46__withtungsteninsertstominimiseerosion.Thecleaningtook36hoursperdrum,afterwhichUT__47__confirmedwallthicknesswithin1%oforiginalvalues.Therootcausewastracedtoa__48__inthefeedstockquality:theConradsoncarbonresiduehadrisenfrom22%to28%overthepastyear.Asacountermeasure,therefineryintroduceda__49__blendingprotocolwithpurchasedsweetcrudestokeepmetalsbelow150ppm.Sinceimplementation,cokemorphologyhasreturnedtospongecoke,anddrum__50__hasimprovedmarkedly.41.A.steamed?B.vented?C.flooded?D.sketched答案：A42.A.bulging?B.blisters?C.deposits?D.cracks答案：C43.A.stemming?B.draining?C.leaking?D.pouring答案：A44.A.enhance?B.impair?C.induce?D.accelerate答案：B45.A.remove?B.retain?C.record?D.reinforce答案：A46.A.tipped?B.coated?C.lined?D.welded答案：A47.A.survey?B.calibration?C.logging?D.scanning答案：D48.A.surge?B.shift?C.shock?D.spike答案：B49.A.rigorous?B.random?C.reluctant?D.redundant答案：A50.A.reliability?B.liability?C.feasibility?D.versatility答案：A四、翻譯（共2段，每段10分，共20分）段落一（英譯漢）Theintegrationofadvancedprocesscontrol(APC)andreal-timeoptimisation(RTO)hasenabledtheFushunrefinerytopushthereformingunitseverityindexfrom98to102withoutincreasingcatalystcokelaydown.Bydeployingamultivariablepredictivecontrollerthatmanipulates18variables—includingreactorinlettemperatures,recyclegasflow,andseparatorpressure—thesystemcontinuouslydrivestheunittowardtheoptimumseveritywhilerespectingmechanicalconstraintssuchasheatertubeskintemperatureandcompressorsurgelimits.Closed-loopperformanceauditsshowa1.3%yieldincreaseinC??reformateanda3%reductioninenergyconsumptionpertonneoffeed,translatingintoannualbenefitsof4.8millionRMB.答案：先進(jìn)過程控制（APC）與實時優(yōu)化（RTO）的集成使撫順煉油廠能夠在不增加催化劑積碳的前提下，將重整裝置苛刻度指數(shù)從98提升至102。通過部署一套可操控18個變量的多變量預(yù)測控制器——包括反應(yīng)器入口溫度、循環(huán)氫流量及分離器壓力——系統(tǒng)持續(xù)在機(jī)械約束（如加熱爐管壁溫度、壓縮機(jī)喘振極限）范圍內(nèi)將裝置推向最優(yōu)苛刻度。閉環(huán)性能審計顯示，C??重整油收率提高1.3%，每噸進(jìn)料的能耗降低3%，年效益達(dá)480萬元人民幣。段落二（漢譯英）近年來，中國石化大力推廣泄漏檢測與修復(fù)（LDAR）技術(shù)，通過便攜式有機(jī)氣體分析儀對閥門、法蘭、泵密封等潛在泄漏源進(jìn)行周期性巡檢。青島煉化在2022年完成了全廠28萬套密封點的首輪建檔，建立電子標(biāo)簽與地理信息系統(tǒng)（GIS）的關(guān)聯(lián)，實現(xiàn)漏點自動比對與趨勢預(yù)警。全年累計檢測出1650處泄漏，修復(fù)率達(dá)98.7%，減少揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物排放約1200t，直接回收油品價值逾900萬元。下一步，該廠計劃引入紅外熱成像無人機(jī)，對高空及高溫區(qū)域?qū)嵤┛焖俸Y查，進(jìn)一步提升LDAR覆蓋率與效率。答案：Inrecentyears,Sinopechasvigorouslypromotedleakdetectionandrepair(LDAR)technology,usingportableorganicgasanalyserstoconductperiodicinspectionsonpotentialleaksourcessuchasvalves,flangesandpumpseals.In2022QingdaoRefinerycompletedthefirst-roundregistrationof280000sealingpointsacrosstheentireplant,linkingelectronictagswithageographicinformationsystem(GIS)toenableautomaticleakcomparisonandtrendwarnings.Throughouttheyear1650leaksweredetected,achievingarepairrateof98.7%,cuttingvolatileorganiccompoundemissionsbyabout1200tandrecoveringoilproductworthmorethan9millionRMB.Next,theplantplanstointroduceinfraredthermal-imagingdronesforrapidscreeningofelevatedandhigh-temperatureareas,furtherincreasingLDARcoverageandefficiency.五、寫作（共1題，20分）Directions:Youarethetechnicalmanagerofapetrochemicalcomplex.Writeamemo(150–200words)totheplantmanagersummarisingtherootcauseofrepeatedfurn