考研英語語法及詞匯辨析強化題庫2026版一、單句填空（每題2分，共10題）要求根據(jù)上下文，選擇最恰當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，注意語法和詞匯的搭配。1.Despitetheheavyrain,theteam______tocompletetheprojectontime.A.persistedB.insistedC.precededD.succeeded2.Thenewpolicyaimsto______incomeinequalityandimprovesocialmobility.A.reduceB.increaseC.maintainD.enhance3.Herresearchprovides______evidencethatclimatechangeisaccelerating.A.conclusiveB.conflictingC.convincingD.controversial4.Thecompany'sfailuretomeetitstargetswasduetoalackof______resources.A.sufficientB.excessiveC.inadequateD.abundant5.Theeconomicreformshave______thegrowthofsmallbusinessesinruralareas.A.stimulatedB.restrainedC.suppressedD.sustained6.Thestudyshowsthatregularphysicalactivitycan______theriskofchronicdiseases.A.mitigateB.exacerbateC.diminishD.amplify7.Thegovernment'seffortsto______unemploymenthavehadlimitedsuccess.A.alleviateB.escalateC.provokeD.preserve8.Thenovel's______stylemadeitdifficultforreaderstofollowtheplot.A.convolutedB.straightforwardC.simplisticD.lucid9.Thecommittee'sdecisionwasbasedon______dataratherthanpersonalopinions.A.empiricalB.speculativeC.theoreticalD.intuitive10.Thecompany'snewstrategyisdesignedto______itsmarketshareinAsia.A.expandB.diminishC.stabilizeD.consolidate二、詞匯辨析（每題2分，共10題）要求選擇與劃線詞匯意思最接近或最相關(guān)的選項，注意語境。1.Theeconomicdownturn______manysmallbusinesses.A.impactedB.affectedC.influencedD.altered2.Thescientist's______researchledtoabreakthroughincancertreatment.A.innovativeB.conventionalC.outdatedD.repetitive3.Thegovernment's______approachtoenvironmentalissueshasdrawncriticism.A.proactiveB.reactiveC.passiveD.aggressive4.Theathlete's______performanceimpressedthejudgesandwonheragoldmedal.A.mediocreB.outstandingC.underwhelmingD.average5.Thecompany's______strategyhelpeditovercomethefinancialcrisis.A.conservativeB.riskyC.aggressiveD.prudent6.Thestudy's______findingswerepublishedinaleadingscientificjournal.A.preliminaryB.conclusiveC.speculativeD.preliminary7.Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweenrichandpoor.A.bridgeB.widenC.closeD.narrow8.Theactor's______performancelefttheaudienceinawe.A.lacklusterB.brilliantC.disappointingD.mediocre9.Thegovernment's______responsetothedisasterwaspraisedforitsefficiency.A.sluggishB.promptC.delayedD.inadequate10.Thecompany's______marketpositionhasbeenstrengthenedbyitsinnovativeproducts.A.stagnantB.dominantC.marginalizedD.vulnerable三、語法結(jié)構(gòu)改錯（每題2分，共10題）要求找出句子中的語法錯誤并改正。1.Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposalafterthemeetinghasfinished.→（提示：時態(tài)錯誤）2.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.→（提示：虛擬語氣錯誤）3.Thecompany'sprofitshaveincreasedbecauseofthenewmarketingstrategy.→（提示：主謂一致錯誤）4.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherhasfinishedtheassignment.→（提示：主謂一致錯誤）5.Themanageraskedifwecouldfinishtheprojectbytomorrow.→（提示：時態(tài)錯誤）6.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.→（提示：定語從句錯誤）7.Althoughitwasraining,theywenthikinganyway.→（提示：連詞錯誤）8.Thecompany'sperformanceimprovedbecauseofthenewCEO'sleadership.→（提示：冠詞錯誤）9.Thestudentswereaskedtosubmittheiressaysbeforethedeadline.→（提示：被動語態(tài)錯誤）10.Thecommitteedecidedtopostponethemeetinguntilnextweek.→（提示：時態(tài)錯誤）四、長難句分析（每題3分，共5題）要求分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，并解釋劃線部分的作用。1.Thegovernment'sdecisiontoimplementstricterenvironmentalregulationshassparkeddebateamongindustriesandenvironmentalistsalike.→（劃線部分：形容詞短語）2.Despitethechallengesfacedbysmallbusinesses,theirresilienceandadaptabilityhaveallowedthemtothriveincompetitivemarkets.→（劃線部分：狀語從句）3.Thestudy,whichwasconductedoverfiveyears,revealedsignificantcorrelationsbetweenpollutionlevelsandrespiratorydiseases.→（劃線部分：非限制性定語從句）4.Ifthecompanyfailstomeetitsfinancialtargets,itmayhavetolayoffalargenumberofemployees.→（劃線部分：條件狀語從句）5.Thenovel'sintricateplot,whichspansmultipledecadesandinvolvesnumerouscharacters,hasbeenpraisedforitscomplexityanddepth.→（劃線部分：非限制性定語從句）五、詞匯搭配（每題2分，共10題）要求選擇與劃線動詞或形容詞最搭配的副詞或名詞。1.Thenewpolicyisdesignedto______reducepovertyinruralareas.A.significantlyB.graduallyC.temporarilyD.partially2.Thecompany'sperformanceimproved______lastyearduetothenewCEO'sleadership.A.dramaticallyB.slightlyC.steadilyD.unexpectedly3.Thestudyshowsthatregularphysicalactivitycan______mitigatetheriskofchronicdiseases.A.effectivelyB.barelyC.rarelyD.moderately4.Thegovernment'seffortsto______alleviateunemploymenthavehadlimitedsuccess.A.recentlyB.recentlyC.recentlyD.recently5.Thenovel's______stylemadeitdifficultforreaderstofollowtheplot.A.complexB.simpleC.straightforwardD.convoluted6.Theathlete's______performanceimpressedthejudgesandwonheragoldmedal.A.outstandingB.mediocreC.underwhelmingD.average7.Thecompany'snewstrategyisdesignedto______expanditsmarketshareinAsia.A.significantlyB.graduallyC.partiallyD.moderately8.Thegovernment's______responsetothedisasterwaspraisedforitsefficiency.A.promptB.delayedC.sluggishD.inadequate9.Thestudy's______findingswerepublishedinaleadingscientificjournal.A.preliminaryB.conclusiveC.speculativeD.controversial10.Theactor's______performancelefttheaudienceinawe.A.brilliantB.lacklusterC.disappointingD.mediocre答案與解析一、單句填空1.A(persisted)-堅持完成2.A(reduce)-減少差距3.C(convincing)-有力證據(jù)4.C(inadequate)-資源不足5.A(stimulated)-刺激增長6.A(mitigate)-減輕風險7.A(alleviate)-緩解失業(yè)8.A(convoluted)-復(fù)雜句式9.A(empirical)-基于數(shù)據(jù)10.A(expand)-擴大份額二、詞匯辨析1.B(affected)-影響2.A(innovative)-創(chuàng)新研究3.B(reactive)-被動應(yīng)對4.B(outstanding)-出色表現(xiàn)5.D(prudent)-謹慎策略6.B(conclusive)-最終結(jié)論7.A(bridge)-縮小差距8.B(brilliant)-精彩表演9.B(prompt)-及時應(yīng)對10.B(dominant)-領(lǐng)先地位三、語法結(jié)構(gòu)改錯1.Thecommitteewilldiscusstheproposalafterthemeetinghasended.→過去時態(tài)需一致2.Ifshehadstudiedharder,shewouldhavepassedtheexam.→虛擬語氣需用過去式3.Thecompany'sprofitshaveincreasedbecauseofthenewmarketingstrategy.→主語復(fù)數(shù)，謂語用have4.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherhasfinishedtheassignment.→就近原則，謂語用has5.Themanageraskedifwecouldfinishtheprojectbytomorrow.→by+時間點6.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.→which指代物，無需加which7.Althoughitwasraining,theywenthikinganyway.→連詞搭配錯誤，改為Despite8.Thecompany'sperformanceimprovedbecauseofthenewCEO'sleadershi