初中英語《詞匯運(yùn)用》專項(xiàng)練習(xí)與解析(100題)姓名：________分?jǐn)?shù)：________時(shí)間：90分鐘說明：本試卷嚴(yán)格對標(biāo)初中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，貼合課堂教學(xué)與中考備考實(shí)際，精選詞匯運(yùn)用高頻題型，共100道題，每題1分。涵蓋詞性轉(zhuǎn)換、詞義辨析、固定搭配、詞匯填空、根據(jù)句意及首字母填單詞五大題型，全面考查詞匯的理解、辨析與靈活運(yùn)用能力。卷尾附詳細(xì)參考答案與解析，助力學(xué)生夯實(shí)詞匯基礎(chǔ)，掌握運(yùn)用技巧。一、詞匯運(yùn)用（共100題，每題1分，滿分100分）（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（共20題）根據(jù)句意及所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使句子通順、語法正確。Ourteacherisvery________(friend)tous.Wealllikeher.Thisisa________(wonder)trip.Wehadagreattime.Hewantstobea________(science)whenhegrowsup.The________(child)areplayinghappilyinthepark.Mymothercooks________(deliciously)foodforuseveryday.Weshouldprotectthe________(nature)environment.His________(ill)madehisparentsveryworried.ShespeaksEnglishvery________(fluent).Shewonthespeechcontest.The________(develop)ofourcityisgettingfasterandfaster.It's________(danger)toplaywithfire.Heisa________(care)student.Healwaysmakesmistakesinhishomework.Wehavea________(month)testoneachsubject.Thelittlegirlhasa________(love)smile.He________(quick)finishedhishomeworkandwentouttoplay.Thisbookisvery________(help)forourEnglishstudy.The________(visit)fromAmericawillcometoourschooltomorrow.Sheshowedusher________(collect)ofstamps.Weshouldbe________(thank)toourparentsfortheirlove.The________(hot)ofsummermakespeoplefeeluncomfortable.Heisa________(success)businessman.Heownsmanycompanies.（二）詞義辨析（共20題）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最符合句意的一項(xiàng)。Mysisterlikes________(A.listen/B.listening/C.tolistening/D.listens)tomusicinherfreetime.Thereis________(A.a/B.an/C.the/D./)importantmeetingthisafternoon.He________(A.spent/B.took/C.cost/D.paid)twohoursfinishinghishomeworkyesterday.—Whichseasondoyoulikebest?—Ilikespring________(A.good/B.better/C.best/D.well).Shehas________(A.toomany/B.toomuch/C.muchtoo/D.manytoo)homeworktodotoday.Weshould________(A.protect/B.prevent/C.keep/D.stop)animalsfrombeingkilled.Hearrived________(A.in/B.at/C.on/D.for)Beijingyesterdayevening.Thisstoryis________(A.interesting/B.interested/C.interest/D.interests)thanthatone.—CanIborrowyourpen?—Sorry,I________(A.lend/B.borrowed/C.havelent/D.haveborrowed)ittoTom.Sheis________(A.such/B.so/C.very/D.quite)akindgirlthateveryonelikesher.Wewillhaveapicnicifit________(A.won'train/B.doesn'train/C.isn'train/D.didn'train)tomorrow.Hehastwobrothers.Oneisadoctor,________(A.other/B.another/C.theother/D.others)isateacher.Theteacheraskedusto________(A.puton/B.wear/C.dress/D.in)ouruniformstomorrow.Idon'tknow________(A.whattodoit/B.howtodoit/C.howtodo/D.whatdoit).Hehaslivedinthiscity________(A.for/B.since/C.in/D.on)10years.—What'sthe________(A.price/B.cost/C.value/D.money)ofthisbook?—It's20yuan.She________(A.may/B.can/C.must/D.might)beathomenow.Thelightison.Weshouldtryourbestto________(A.improve/B.increase/C.raise/D.lift)ourEnglishlevel.Hemadea________(A.decision/B.decide/C.decisive/D.deciding)tostudyhard.Thefilmisworth________(A.watch/B.watching/C.towatch/D.watched).（三）固定搭配（共20題）根據(jù)句意及所給單詞或漢語提示，填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使句子符合固定搭配要求。Heisgood________playingbasketball.(填介詞)Mymotheroftenremindsme________(finish)myhomeworkontime.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Weshouldpayattention________ourpronunciation.(填介詞)Hesucceeded________passingtheexam.(填介詞)It'stimeforus________(go)toschool.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Sheislookingforwardto________(see)herfriends.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Weshouldtakecare________theoldpeople.(填介詞)Hemadeamistake,soheapologized________histeacher.(填介詞)Myfatherusedto________(smoke),butnowhedoesn't.(填動(dòng)詞原形)Sheisbusy________(prepare)fortheparty.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Wedepend________ourparentswhenweareyoung.(填介詞)Headvisedme________(notgo)outaloneatnight.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Theteacheraskedustolook________thenewwordsinthedictionary.(填介詞)Sheisafraid________dogs.(填介詞)Wespentalotoftime________(do)exercise.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Heisinterested________history.(填介詞)Mymothertoldmetogiveup________(eat)junkfood.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Weshouldlearn________eachother.(填介詞)Hedecided________(travel)toBeijingnextmonth.(填動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式)Sheisproud________herson'sachievements.(填介詞)（四）詞匯填空（共20題）根據(jù)句意及漢語提示，填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使句子通順、語法正確（每空一詞）。Myfavorite________(科目)isEnglish.Weshould________(節(jié)約)waterandelectricity.Therearemany________(美麗的)flowersinthegarden.He________(到達(dá))atschoolontimeeveryday.Mymotherisa________(護(hù)士)inahospital.Wehada________(愉快的)weekendwithourfamily.The________(天氣)isfinetoday.Wecangoforawalk.She________(花費(fèi))twohoursreadingbookseveryday.Weshouldprotectthe________(環(huán)境)aroundus.Myfatherboughtanew________(自行車)forme.The________(圖書館)isagoodplacetoreadbooks.Heisa________(誠實(shí)的)boy.Henevertellslies.Wecelebrate________(春節(jié))withourfamilyeveryyear.She________(邀請)herfriendstoherbirthdayparty.The________(溫度)isverylowtoday.Pleasewearwarmclothes.He________(贏得)thefirstprizeintheEnglishcontest.Weshouldkeepourclassroom________(干凈的)everyday.Myfavorite________(水果)isapple.Shewantsto________(成為)ateacherwhenshegrowsup.Wewenttothe________(博物館)yesterday.（五）根據(jù)句意及首字母填單詞（共20題）根據(jù)句意及首字母提示，填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，使句子通順、語法正確（每空一詞）。Myfavoritecolorisb________,likethesky.Hegetsupe________everymorningtoexercise.Weshouldeatmorevegetablestokeeph________.ThesummervacationstartsinJ________andendsinAugust.Shelikesreadingbooksinthel________.Myfatherd________acartoworkeveryday.TheSpringFestivalisatraditionalC________festival.Heisgoodatplayingthep________.Heplaysitverywell.It'sr________outside.Pleasetakeanumbrella.Weshouldhelpeacho________inourdailylife.Thelittlegirlisverys________.Sheisafraidtospeakinpublic.Mymotheroftencooksd________foodforus.Hes________inNo.3MiddleSchool.Thesunrisesinthee________andsetsinthewest.Wehadagreatt________atthepartylastnight.Shewantstot________aroundtheworldwhenshegrowsup.Thecomputerisausefuli________.Heworkshardtoi________hisEnglishlevel.Myfavoriteseasoniss________.Thetreesturngreen.Pleasebeq________inthelibrary.Don'ttalkloudly.參考答案與解析（一）詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（共20題）friendly解析：形容詞作表語，friend的形容詞形式為friendly（友好的）。wonderful解析：形容詞修飾名詞trip，wonder的形容詞形式為wonderful（精彩的）。scientist解析：不定冠詞a后接名詞，science對應(yīng)的職業(yè)名詞為scientist（科學(xué)家）。children解析：由are可知主語為復(fù)數(shù)，child的復(fù)數(shù)形式為children（孩子們）。delicious解析：形容詞修飾名詞food，deliciously為副詞，此處需用形容詞delicious（美味的）。natural解析：形容詞修飾名詞environment，nature的形容詞形式為natural（自然的）。illness解析：名詞所有格his后接名詞，ill的名詞形式為illness（疾?。?。fluently解析：副詞修飾動(dòng)詞speaks，fluent的副詞形式為fluently（流利地）。development解析：定冠詞the后接名詞，develop的名詞形式為development（發(fā)展）。dangerous解析：固定句型It's+形容詞+todosth.，danger的形容詞形式為dangerous（危險(xiǎn)的）。careless解析：由“總是犯錯(cuò)”可知此處為“粗心的”，care的形容詞形式careless（粗心的）。monthly解析：形容詞修飾名詞test，month的形容詞形式為monthly（每月的）。lovely解析：形容詞修飾名詞smile，love的形容詞形式為lovely（可愛的）。quickly解析：副詞修飾動(dòng)詞finished，quick的副詞形式為quickly（快速地）。helpful解析：形容詞作表語，help的形容詞形式為helpful（有幫助的）。visitors解析：由fromAmerica可知此處為“游客”，visitor的復(fù)數(shù)形式為visitors（游客們）。collection解析：形容詞性物主代詞her后接名詞，collect的名詞形式為collection（收藏）。thankful解析：固定搭配bethankfultosb.，thank的形容詞形式為thankful（感激的）。heat解析：定冠詞the后接名詞，hot的名詞形式為heat（熱度）。successful解析：形容詞修飾名詞businessman，success的形容詞形式為successful（成功的）。（二）詞義辨析（共20題）B解析：likedoingsth.表示“喜歡做某事”，為固定搭配，故選B。B解析：important是以元音音素開頭的單詞，前面用不定冠詞an，故選B。A解析：spendtime(in)doingsth.表示“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，主語為人，故選A。C解析：由問句“最喜歡哪個(gè)季節(jié)”可知用最高級best，故選C。B解析：homework為不可數(shù)名詞，toomuch修飾不可數(shù)名詞，故選B。A解析：protect...from...表示“保護(hù)……免受……”，prevent/stop...from...表示“阻止……做……”，結(jié)合句意選A。A解析：Beijing為大地點(diǎn)，arrivein后接大地點(diǎn)，arriveat后接小地點(diǎn)，故選A。A解析：interesting修飾物，interested修飾人，由than可知用比較級moreinteresting，故選A。C解析：由“抱歉”可知筆已經(jīng)借給湯姆了，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)havelent，lendsth.tosb.表示“把某物借給某人”，故選C。A解析：such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句，so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句，結(jié)合句式選A。B解析：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句，主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故選B。C解析：兩者中的另一個(gè)用theother，one...theother...表示“一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……”，故選C。A解析：puton強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿上”的動(dòng)作，wear強(qiáng)調(diào)“穿著”的狀態(tài)，dress后接人，in為介詞，結(jié)合句意選A。B解析：howtodoit表示“如何做這件事”，whattodo表示“做什么”，it為賓語，故選B。A解析：for后接時(shí)間段，since后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，10years為時(shí)間段，故選A。A解析：詢問價(jià)格用What'sthepriceof...，故選A。C解析：由“燈亮著”可知推測她一定在家，must表示肯定推測，故選C。A解析：improve表示“提高（水平、能力等）”，increase表示“增加（數(shù)量）”，raise表示“舉起、籌集”，lift表示“抬起”，結(jié)合句意選A。A解析：makeadecision表示“做決定”，為固定搭配，故選A。B解析：beworthdoingsth.表示“值得做某事”，為固定搭配，故選B。（三）固定搭配（共20題）at解析：begoodatdoingsth.表示“擅長做某事”，為固定搭配。tofinish解析：remindsb.todosth.表示“提醒某人做某事”，為固定搭配。to解析：payattentiontosth.表示“關(guān)注某事”，為固定搭配。in解析：succeedindoingsth.表示“成功做某事”，為固定搭配。togo解析：It'stimeforsb.todosth.表示“到某人做某事的時(shí)間了”，為固定搭配。seeing解析：lookforwardtodoingsth.表示“期待做某事”，to為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞。of解析：takecareof表示“照顧”，為固定搭配。to解析：apologizetosb.表示“向某人道歉”，為固定搭配。smoke解析：usedtodosth.表示“過去常常做某事”，為固定搭配，后接動(dòng)詞原形。preparing解析：bebusydoingsth.表示“忙于做某事”，為固定搭配。on解析：dependon表示“依靠、依賴”，為固定搭配。nottogo解析：advisesb.nottodosth.表示“建議某人不要做某事”，為固定搭配。up解析：lookup表示“查閱（字典、資料等）”，為固定搭配。of解析：beafraidofsth.表示“害怕某物”，為固定搭配。doing解析：spendtimedoingsth.表示“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”，為固定搭配。in解析：beinterestedinsth.表示“對某事感興趣”，為固定搭配。eating解析：giveupdoingsth.表示“放棄做某事”，為固定搭配。from解析：learnfromeachother表示“互相學(xué)習(xí)”，為固定搭配。totravel解析：decidetodosth.表示“決定做某事”，為固定搭配。of解析：beproudof表示“為……感到驕傲”，為固定搭配。（四）詞匯填空（共20題）subject解析：“科目”譯為subject，由is可知用單數(shù)形式。save解析：“節(jié)約”譯為save，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should后接動(dòng)詞原形。beautiful解析：“美麗的”譯為beautiful，修飾名詞flowers。arrives解析：“到達(dá)”譯為arrive，主語he為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式arrives。nurse解析：“護(hù)士”譯為nurse，不定冠詞a后接單數(shù)形式。pleasant解析：“愉快的”譯為pleasant，修飾名詞weekend。weather解析：“天氣”譯為weather，為不可數(shù)名詞。spends解析：“花費(fèi)”譯為spend，主語she為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式spends。environment解析：“環(huán)境”譯為environment，為不可數(shù)名詞。bicycle/bike解析：“自行車”譯為bicycle或bike，不定冠詞a后接單數(shù)形式。library解析：“圖書館”譯為library，由is可知用單數(shù)形式。honest解析：“誠實(shí)的”譯為honest，修飾名詞boy。SpringFestival解析：“春節(jié)”譯為SpringFestival，為專有名詞，首字母大寫。invited解析：“邀請”譯為invite，結(jié)合句意可知用一般過去時(shí)invited。temperature解析：“溫度”譯為tem