閱讀理解長難句簡析 [2015新課標(biāo)I卷]BThefreezingNortheasthasn’tbeenaterriblyfunplacetospendtimethiswinter,sowhenthechancecameforaweekendtoSarasota,Florida,mybagswerepackedbeforeyoucouldsay“sunshine”.IleftforthelandofwarmthandvitaminC(維生素C),thinkingofbeachesandorangetrees.Whenwetoucheddowntoblueskiesandwarmair,Isentupasmallprayerofgratefulness.Swimmingpools,winetasting,andpinksunsets(atnormaleveninghours,not4intheafternoon)filledtheweekend,①butthebestpart—particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables—wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’marketthatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall.Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturdayfrom7a.m.to1p.m.,rainorshine,alongNorthLemonandStatestreets.Basketsofperfectredstrawberries,thered-paintedsidesoftheJavaDawgcoffeetruck;andmostofall,thetomatoes:amazing,large,softandroundredtomatoes.Disappointedbymanyabroken,vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的)promise,I’verefusedtobuywintertomatoesforyears.Nomatterhowattractivetheylookinthestore,onceIgetthemhomethey’reunfailinglydry,hard,andtasteless.ButIhomedin,withuncertainty,ononeparticulartableattheBrown’sGroveFarm’sstand,fulloffreshandsofttomatoesthesizeofmyfist.Theseweretherealdeal—and②atthatmoment,IrealizedthatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthingsthatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths.③DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight,myhappinessdeepenedwhenIlearnedthatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty,anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton,where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight.Withoutevenseeingthemenu,IknewI’dbeorderingeverytomatoonit.①butthebestpart—(particularlytomytaste,dulledbymonthsofcold-weatherrootvegetables)—wasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’market(thatprovedtobemorethanworththeearlywake-upcall).分析：括號內(nèi)內(nèi)容為插入語。其中particularlytomytaste可以理解為作定語，修飾part；dulledby...作狀語；thatproved...引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾adventure。簡化：butthebestpartwasa7a.m.adventuretotheSarasotafarmers’market.簡譯：但是，在厭倦了幾個月冷天氣下的根莖類蔬菜之后，最對我胃口的部分是早上7點去Sarasota農(nóng)貿(mào)市場采購。那絕對是值得上早起。②atthatmoment,Irealized(thatthebestpartofSarasotainwinterwasgoingtobeeatingthings)(thatbackhomeinNewYorkIwouldn’tbeexperiencingagainformonths).分析：前一個括號為賓語從句；后一個括號為定語從句，修飾things。簡化：atthatmoment,Irealizedit.簡譯：那一刻我意識到，冬季的Sarasota最棒的部分是去吃東西。而這些東西是我在紐約幾個月都享受不到的。③(DelightedasIwasbythetomatoesinsight),myhappinessdeepened{whenIlearned(thatBrown’sGroveFarmisoneofthesuppliersforJackDusty)},(anewlyopenedrestaurantattheSarasotaRitzCarlton),(where—luckilyforme—Iwasplanningtohavedinnerthatverynight).分析：Delightedas...是由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“雖然”；when...引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。其中that...引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作learned的賓語；anewlyopenedrestaurant...作JackDusty同位語；where...引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾SarasotaRitzCarlton。簡化：myhappinessdeepened.（其他都是修飾成分）簡譯：雖然眼前的西紅柿令我很高興，但在我了解到Brown’sGroveFarm是JackDusty的供應(yīng)商之一時，我的快樂加倍了。JackDusty是SarasotaRitzCarlton新開的一家餐館，而我那天晚上正打算去那吃晚飯——這對我來說真是太幸運了。CSalvadorDali(1904—1989)wasoneofthemostpopularofmodernartists.①ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonalitywithanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore.Amongtheworksandmasterworksonexhibitionthevisitorwillfindthebestpieces,mostimportantlyThePersistenceofMemory.ThereisalsoL’EnigmesansFinfrom1938,worksonpaper,objects,andprojectsforstageandscreenandselectedpartsfromtelevisionprogrammesreflectingtheartist’sshowmanqualities.ThevisitorwillentertheWorldofDalithroughaneggandismetwiththebeginning,theworldofbirth.②Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubjectwiththevisitorexitingthroughthebrain.TheexhibitionshowshowDalidrawstheviewerbetweentwoinfinities(無限).“③Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansioncominginandoutoffocus:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpaintingthatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras,”explainsthePompidouCentre.Thefineselectionofthemajorworkswasdoneinclosecollaboration(合作)withtheMuseoNacionalReinaSofiainMadrid,Spain,andwithcontributionsfromotherinstitutionsliketheSalvadorDaliMuseuminSt.Petersburg,Florida.①ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingitsrespectandadmirationfortheartistandhispowerfulpersonality(withanexhibitionbringingtogetherover200paintings,sculptures,drawingsandmore).分析：withsth.doing作方式狀語。簡化：ThePompidouCentreinParisisshowingsth.fortheartistandhispowerfulpersonality.簡譯：法國的蓬皮社中心通過一次匯集超過200幅油畫、雕像、素描等作品的展覽，表達(dá)了對這位藝術(shù)家及其強(qiáng)烈個人特色的尊重和贊賞。②Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubject(withthevisitorexitingthroughthebrain).分析：with…sb.doing作伴隨狀語。簡化：Theexhibitionfollowsapathoftimeandsubject.簡譯：展覽根據(jù)時間和主題展開，（最后）觀眾會通過“大腦”離開（theWorldofDali）。③Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansion(cominginandoutoffocus):amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpainting(thatheusedinhismuseum-theatreinFigueras).分析：comingin…作定語，修飾前面兩個并列名詞；that…引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾Baroque。簡化：Fromtheinfinitysmalltotheinfinitylarge,contractionandexpansion:amazingFlemishaccuracyandtheshowyBaroqueofoldpainting.簡譯：從極小到極大，有收縮也有膨脹：驚人的弗蘭德斯的精確性以及他曾在弗萊格斯博物館劇院運用的古畫才有的巴洛克風(fēng)格。DConflictisonthemenutonightatthecaféLaChope.Thisevening,asoneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneisleadingtwoofFrance’sfavoritepastimes,coffeedrinkingandthe“talkingcure”.Heretheyarelearningtogetintouchwiththeirtruefeelings.Itisn’talwayseasy.Theycustomers—somethirtyParisianswhopayjustunder$2(plusdrinks)persession—arequicktointellectualize(高談闊論),slowtoopenupandconnect.“Youareforbiddentosay‘onefeels’or‘peoplethink’,”Lehannetoldthem.“Say‘Ithink,’‘Thinkme’.”Acafésocietywherenointellectualizingisallowed?Itcouldn’tseemmoreun-French.ButLehanne’spsychologycaféisaboutmorethanknowingoneself:It’stryingtohelpthecity’stroubledneighborhoodcafes.①Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle—longerworkinghours,afast-foodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesiretospendmoretimeathome.Dozensofnewthemecafesappeartochangethesituation.②Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,fillingtableswellintotheevening.Thecity’s“psychologycafes”,whichoffergreatcomfort,areamongthemostpopularplaces.Middle-agedhomemakers,retirees,andtheunemployedcometosuchcafestotalkaboutlove,anger,anddreamswithapsychologist.AndtheycometoLehanne’sgroupjusttolearntosaywhattheyfeel.“There’sastrongneedinParisforcommunication,”saysMauriceFrisch,acaféLaChoperegularwhoworksasareligiousinstructorinnearbychurch.“Peoplehavefewrealfriends.Andtheyneedtoopenup”.Lehannesaysshe’dliketoseepsychologycafesalloverFrance.“Ifpeoplehadnormallives,thesecafeswouldn’texist,”shesays.“Iflifeweren’tabattle,peoplewouldn’tneedaspecialplacejusttospeak.”Butthen,itwouldn’t’beFrance.①Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle—longerworkinghours,afast-foodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesire(tospendmoretimeathome).分析：fallvictimto：成為……的受害者/犧牲品；非謂語tospend…作定語，修飾desire。簡化：Overtheyears,ParisiancafeshavefallenvictimtochangesintheFrenchlifestyle.簡譯：這些年，巴黎咖啡館因法國生活方式的改變而成了犧牲品——更長的工作時間、快餐的流行以及年青一代人更喜歡待在家里的傾向。②Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,(fillingtableswellintotheevening).分析：非謂語filling…作伴隨狀語。簡化：Cafesfocusedaroundpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon.簡譯：專注于心理學(xué)、歷史和工程學(xué)的咖啡館開始流行。到了晚上都是賓客如云。閱讀理解長難句簡析 [2015新課標(biāo)II卷]BYourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.①Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinwhetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.Youcanmakeyourenvironmentworkforyouinsteadofagainstyou.Herearesomewaystoturnyourhomeintopartofyourdietplan.Openthecurtainsandturnupthelights.Darkenvironmentsaremorelikelytoencourageovereating,forpeopleareoftenlessself-conscious(難為情)whenthey’reinpoorlylitplaces—andsomorelikelytoeatlotsoffood.Ifyourhomedoesn’thaveenoughwindowlight,getmorelampsandfloodtheplacewithbrightness.Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy,peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing,whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint,goblue.Don’tforgettheclock—ortheradio.②Peoplewhoeatslowlytendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthosewhorushthroughtheirmeals.Beginkeepingtrackofthetime,andtrytomakedinnerlastatleast30minutes.Andwhileyou’reatit,actuallysitdowntoeat.Ifyouneedsomehelpslowingdown,turnonrelaxingmusic.Itmakesyoulesslikelytorushthroughameal.Downsizethedishes.Bigservingbowlsandplatescaneasilymakeusfat.Weeatabout22percentmorewhenusinga12-inchplateinsteadofa10-inchplate.Whenwechoosealargespoonoverasmallerone,totalintake(攝入)jumpsby14percent.Andwe’llpourabout30percentmoreliquidintoashort,wideglassthanatall,skinnyglass.①Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayarolein(whetheryoupackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff).分析：whether…引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作in的賓語。簡化：Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayaroleinsth.簡譯：專家說，你如何設(shè)計你的家對于你的體重增減能起到作用。②People(whoeatslowly)tendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthose(whorushthroughtheirmeals).分析：兩個who…均引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾前面的名詞或代詞。簡化：Peopletendtoconsumeabout70fewercalories(卡路里)permealthanthose.簡譯：吃飯慢的人比那些吃飯狼吞虎咽的人每餐一般會少攝入70卡路里。C①Morestudentsthaneverbeforearetakingagapyear(間隔年)beforegoingtouniversity.Itusedtobecalledthe“yearoff”betweenschoolanduniversity.②Thegap-yearphenomenonoriginated(起源)withthemonthsleftovertoOxbridgeapplicantsbetweenentranceexamsinNovemberandthestartofthenextacademicyear.Thisyear,25,310studentswhohaveacceptedplacesinhighereducationinstitutionshaveputofftheirentryuntilnextyear,accordingtostatisticsonuniversityentranceprovidedbyUniversityandCollegeAdmissionsService(UCAS).Thatisarecord14.7%increaseinthenumberofstudentstakingagapyear.TonyHigginsfromUCASsaidthatthestatisticsaregoodnewsforeveryoneinhighereducation.“Studentswhotakeawell-plannedyearoutaremorelikelytobesatisfiedwith,andcomple