2026年P(guān)TE英國考試學(xué)術(shù)類英語閱讀理解題題型一：多選題（多正確答案）數(shù)量：3題，每題2分題目1（2分）標(biāo)題：TheImpactofRenewableEnergyPoliciesonUKIndustrialSectors內(nèi)容：TheUKgovernmenthasimplementedseveralrenewableenergypoliciesoverthepastdecadetoreducecarbonemissionsandpromotesustainabledevelopment.ThesepoliciesincludetheRenewableHeatIncentive(RHI),theSmartExportGuarantee(SEG),andtheCarbonPriceSupport(CPS)scheme.Accordingtoa2024reportbytheOfficeforNationalStatistics(ONS),therenewableenergysectorhasgrownby15%annually,contributingsignificantlytothecountry'senergymix.However,certainindustrialsectorshavefacedchallengesduetoincreasedenergycosts.Themanufacturingsector,particularlysteelandautomotiveindustries,hasreportedhigherproductionexpensesduetotherisingpriceofgreenenergy.Forinstance,theBritishSteelAssociationhighlightedthatelectricitycostshaveincreasedby30%since2022,forcingsomefactoriestoreduceoutput.Ontheotherhand,thewindandsolarindustrieshavebenefitedimmenselyfromthesepolicies,withcompanieslike?rstedandNextEraEnergyexpandingtheiroperationsintheUK.Thegovernment’snet-zerotargetby2050willlikelyacceleratethesetrends,furtherreshapingtheenergylandscape.問題：Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretruebasedonthepassage?A)TheRenewableHeatIncentive(RHI)hassupportedthegrowthofrenewableenergyintheUK.B)TheautomotiveindustryhasbeennegativelyaffectedbytheSmartExportGuarantee(SEG).C)TheCarbonPriceSupport(CPS)schemehashelpedthewindandsolarsectorsexpand.D)TheONSreportindicatesasteadydeclineinrenewableenergygrowth.答案：A,C解析：A項正確，文中提到RHI政策促進(jìn)了可再生能源增長。C項正確，文中指出政府政策幫助風(fēng)能和太陽能行業(yè)擴(kuò)張。B項錯誤，文中未提及汽車行業(yè)受SEG影響。D項錯誤，報告顯示可再生能源年增長率15%，并非下降。題目2（2分）標(biāo)題：DigitalTransformationintheUKRetailIndustry內(nèi)容：TheUKretailsectorhasundergonesignificantdigitaltransformationinrecentyears,drivenbyconsumerbehaviorshiftsandtechnologicaladvancements.Accordingtoa2023surveybytheBritishRetailConsortium(BRC),65%ofshoppersnowpreferonlineshoppingoverin-storepurchases.Thistrendhasforcedtraditionalretailerstoadaptbyintegratinge-commerceplatformsandadoptingAI-driveninventorymanagementsystems.CompanieslikeTescoandWaitrosehaveinvestedheavilyindigitalinfrastructure,usingbigdataanalyticstopersonalizecustomerexperiences.Forexample,Tesco’s“Clubcard”loyaltyprogramnowleveragesAItorecommendproductsbasedonpurchasehistory.However,smallindependentretailershavestruggledtocompete,astheylackthefinancialresourcesforsuchinvestments.Thegovernmenthasintroducedgrantstosupportsmallbusinessesindigitalizingoperations,buttheimpactremainslimited.問題：Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretruebasedonthepassage?A)TheBRCsurveyshowsadeclineinin-storeshoppingpreferences.B)Waitrosehascompletelyabandonedphysicalstoresinfavorofonlinesales.C)AI-driveninventorysystemsarewidelyadoptedbyUKretailers.D)Governmentgrantshavefullyresolvedthedigitaldivideforsmallretailers.答案：A,C解析：A項正確，文中提到65%的消費者更傾向于線上購物。C項正確，文中指出大型零售商已采用AI庫存系統(tǒng)。B項錯誤，文中未提Waitrose關(guān)閉實體店。D項錯誤，文中稱政府支持有限，未完全解決問題。題目3（2分）標(biāo)題：TheRoleofHigherEducationintheUKEconomy內(nèi)容：Highereducationinstitutions(HEIs)intheUKplayacrucialroleindrivingeconomicgrowthbyproducingskilledgraduatesandconductingresearch.A2024reportbytheDepartmentforEducation(DfE)foundthatgraduatesearn,onaverage,20%morethannon-graduatesovertheirlifetime.UniversitiesliketheUniversityofOxfordandCambridgehavestrongtieswithindustry,facilitatingknowledgetransferandinnovation.However,thesectorfaceschallenges,includingrisingtuitionfeesandfundingcuts.TheDfEhasproposedreformstoincreasepublicfundingforHEIs,buttheseplanshavefacedcriticismfromstudentunions.Meanwhile,internationalstudentscontributesignificantlytotheeconomy,withover600,000foreignstudentsenrolledinUKuniversitiesannually.Thegovernmenthasintroducedpost-studyworkvisastoencourageskilledimmigrantstostayintheUK.問題：Whichofthefollowingstatementsaretruebasedonthepassage?A)TheUniversityofCambridgehasnocollaborationwithindustry.B)Graduatesearnsignificantlymorethannon-graduates,accordingtotheDfE.C)ThegovernmenthasfullyresolvedfundingissuesforHEIs.D)InternationalstudentsdonotcontributetotheUKeconomy.答案：B解析：B項正確，文中提到畢業(yè)生平均收入比非畢業(yè)生高20%。A項錯誤，文中強(qiáng)調(diào)牛津和劍橋與產(chǎn)業(yè)合作緊密。C項錯誤，文中提到政府提議改革但未完全解決資金問題。D項錯誤，文中指出國際學(xué)生是經(jīng)濟(jì)重要貢獻(xiàn)者。題型二：填空題（單空）數(shù)量：4題，每題1分題目4（1分）標(biāo)題：ClimateChangeAdaptationinCoastalCities內(nèi)容：Climatechangeposessignificantthreatstocoastalcitiesworldwide,primarilythroughrisingsealevelsandextremeweatherevents.TheUK,withitsextensivecoastline,hasimplementedseveraladaptationstrategies.Forinstance,theTangierBreakwaterprojectinDoverisdesignedtoprotectthetownfromstormsurges.Additionally,thegovernmenthasfundedcoastalerosiondefensesinregionslikeNorfolkandSuffolk.Thesemeasuresaimtoreducedamageandensurelong-termresilience.However,criticsarguethatsuchprojectsarecostlyandmaynotbesustainableinthelongrun.TheEnvironmentAgencyhasrecommendedintegratingnature-basedsolutions,suchasmangroveforests,tocomplementharddefenses.Despitethesechallenges,theUK’sapproachtocoastaladaptationservesasamodelforothervulnerableregions.問題：ThepassagementionsabreakwaterprojectinDoverthatisintendedtoprotectthetownfrom______.答案：stormsurges解析：文中明確提到Dover的TangierBreakwater旨在防御風(fēng)暴潮。題目5（1分）標(biāo)題：TheRiseofElectricVehiclesintheUK內(nèi)容：TheUKgovernmenthassetagoaltophaseoutsalesofnewpetrolanddieselcarsby2030,drivingtheadoptionofelectricvehicles(EVs).A2024reportbytheSocietyofMotorManufacturersandTraders(SMMT)revealedthatEVregistrationsincreasedby40%inthefirsthalfoftheyear.Thisgrowthissupportedbyincentivessuchasthe￡3,000governmentgrantforpurchasingEVsandtheexpansionofcharginginfrastructure.However,thetransitionfaceschallenges,includingrangeanxietyandhighbatterycosts.Thegovernmenthasinvestedinbatteryrecyclingprogramstoaddressenvironmentalconcerns.Despitethesehurdles,expertspredictthatEVswilldominatetheUKmarketby2035.問題：ToencourageEVadoption,theUKgovernmentoffersa______grantfornewelectricvehiclepurchases.答案：￡3,000解析：文中直接提及政府提供3,000英鎊的購車補(bǔ)貼。題目6（1分）標(biāo)題：PublicHealthInitiativesintheUK內(nèi)容：TheUKhaslaunchedseveralpublichealthinitiativestocombatnon-communicablediseases.TheNationalObesityStrategy,introducedin2023,aimstoreducechildhoodobesityratesby20%withinadecade.Thisstrategyincludesmeasuressuchassugartaxreformsandpromotinghealthierschoolmealoptions.A2024studybytheNationalHealthService(NHS)foundthattheseeffortshavealreadyledtoaslightdeclineinobesityamongchildrenaged10-11.AnotherkeyinitiativeistheSmoke-FreeGenerationprogram,whichaimstomaketheUKsmoke-freeby2030.Thegovernmenthasincreasedsmokingtaxesandfundedanti-smokingcampaigns.Whileprogresshasbeenmade,disparitiesremain,particularlyindisadvantagedcommunities.問題：TheNationalObesityStrategytargetsareductioninchildhoodobesityratesby______%.答案：20解析：文中明確指出該戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)是將兒童肥胖率降低20%。題目7（1分）標(biāo)題：TheUK’sSpaceIndustryDevelopment內(nèi)容：TheUKspaceindustryhasgrownrapidlyinrecentyears,supportedbygovernmentinvestmentsandprivatesectorpartnerships.TheUKSpaceAgencyhassecuredcontractsworth￡2billionforsatellitemanufacturingandlaunchservices.CompanieslikeBlueOriginandVirginOrbithaveestablishedlaunchpadsintheUK,contributingtothecountry’sglobalcompetitivenessinspaceexploration.However,thesectorfaceschallenges,suchashighdevelopmentcostsandregulatoryhurdles.Thegovernmenthasintroducedtaxincentivestoattractinvestmentinspacetechnology.Despitetheseobstacles,theUKaimstobecomealeaderinsatellitecommunicationsandEarthobservationby2030.問題：ContractssecuredbytheUKSpaceAgencyarevaluedatapproximately______billionpounds.答案：2解析：文中提到合同總額為20億英鎊，填“2”即可。題型三：句子匹配題數(shù)量：5題，每題1分題目8（1分）標(biāo)題：AgriculturalInnovationintheUK內(nèi)容：TheUKagriculturalsectorhasembracedtechnologicalinnovationstoimproveefficiencyandsustainability.Precisionfarming,usingGPSandIoTsensors,hasreducedwaterandfertilizerusageby30%.Additionally,verticalfarminginurbanareas,suchasLondonandManchester,hasminimizedtransportationcostsandcarbonemissions.Thegovernmenthassupportedtheseinitiativesthroughgrantsandresearchfunding.However,smallfarmersstruggletoadoptadvancedtechnologiesduetohighcosts.Despitethis,theUKremainsagloballeaderinagriculturalinnovation.句子選項：①TheuseofIoTsensorshassignificantlyreducedresourcewastageinfarming.②VerticalfarmingisprimarilypracticedinruralareasoftheUK.③Thegovernmentprovidesfinancialsupportforagriculturaltechnologyadoption.④Precisionfarmingismorecost-effectiveforlarge-scalefarmsthansmallones.答案：①,③解析：①正確，文中提到IoT傳感器減少資源浪費。③正確，政府提供資金支持。②錯誤，文中說垂直農(nóng)業(yè)在都市發(fā)展。④錯誤，文中未比較規(guī)模差異。題目9（1分）標(biāo)題：TourismRecoveryintheUKPost-Pandemic內(nèi)容：TheUKtourismindustryhasreboundedsincetheCOVID-19pandemic,withinternationalvisitorsreturninginlargenumbers.ThegovernmenthaseasedvisarestrictionsandpromotedculturallandmarksliketheTowerofLondonandStonehenge.A2024reportbytheTourismAlliancefoundthattouristspendinghasexceededpre-pandemiclevels.However,regionaldisparitiespersist,asruralareashavenotbenefitedasmuchasmajorcities.Thegovernmenthasintroducedschemestosupportlocalbusinessesinlessvisitedregions.Despitethesechallenges,tourismisexpectedtocontribute￡100billiontotheUKeconomythisyear.句子選項：⑤TheTowerofLondonhasbecomelesspopularamonginternationaltourists.⑥Governmentpoliciesaimtodistributetourismbenefitsmoreevenlyacrossregions.⑦Pre-pandemictouristspendinghasbeenfullyrestoredintheUK.⑧TheTourismAlliancehashighlightedtheneedforvisarelaxation.答案：⑥,⑧解析：⑥正確，文中提到政府支持偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)發(fā)展。⑧正確，報告中提及放寬簽證政策。⑤錯誤，文中強(qiáng)調(diào)塔樓仍是熱門景點。⑦錯誤，文中說支出“超過”而非“完全恢復(fù)”。題目10（1分）標(biāo)題：FinancialTechnologyintheUK內(nèi)容：TheUKisaglobalhubforfinancialtechnology(FinTech),attractingmajorinvestmentsandstartups.TheFinTechCityinLondonhostsover1,000companiesspecializingindigitalbanking,blockchain,andAI-drivenfinance.Thegovernmenthasintroducedregulatorysandboxestoencourageinnovationwhileensuringconsumerprotection.However,challengesremain,suchascybersecurityrisksandregulatorycompliance.TheBankofEnglandhasproposedstricterguidelinesfordigitalcurrencydevelopment.Despitethesehurdles,theUK’sFinTechsectorisexpectedtogrowby25%inthenextfiveyears.句子選項：⑨TheFinTechCityislocatedoutsideLondon.⑩TheBankofEnglandsupportsthedevelopmentofdigitalcurrencies.?RegulatorysandboxesareonlyavailableintheUS.?StartupsinFinTechfacefewercybersecuritychallengesthantraditionalbanks.答案：⑩解析：⑩正確，文中提到英格蘭銀行提出更嚴(yán)格指南。⑨錯誤，F(xiàn)inTechCity在倫敦。?錯誤，文中未提美國獨有。?錯誤，文中未比較安全風(fēng)險差異。題目11（1分）標(biāo)題：TransportationInfrastructureintheUK內(nèi)容：TheUKgovernmenthasinvestedheavilyinupgradingtransportationinfrastructuretoreducecongestionandimprovesustainability.TheCrossrailprojectinLondon,completedin2019,hassignificantlyreducedtraveltimesbetweenthecityandsuburbs.Additionally,theHighSpeed2(HS2)railline,underconstruction,aimstoconnectLondonwithBirminghamandtheNorthofEngland.However,criticsarguethattheprojectsaretooexpensiveandmaynotdelivertheexpectedbenefits.Environmentalgroupshaveraisedconcernsaboutthecarbonfootprintoflarge-scaleconstruction.Despitethesedebates,thegovernmentremainscommittedtomodernizingtheUK’stransportnetwork.句子選項：④TheCrossrailprojecthasnotimprovedtravelefficiencyinLondon.⑤TheHS2raillinewillprimarilybenefitsouthernEngland.⑥TheUKgovernmentprioritizesroadinfrastructureoverrail.⑦High-speedrailisconsideredenvironmentallysustainable.答案：⑦解析：⑦正確，文中提到政府致力于現(xiàn)代化交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)（含環(huán)?？剂浚?。④錯誤，文中強(qiáng)調(diào)Crossrail提升效率。⑤錯誤，HS2連接倫敦與北部。⑥錯誤，文中重點發(fā)展高鐵。題目12（1分）標(biāo)題：EducationReformintheUK內(nèi)容：TheUKgovernmenthasintroducedreformstoimprovethequalityofeducation,particularlyinstateschools.TheTeachingSchoolsAlliancehasbeenestablishedtosharebestpracticesandtrainteachers.Additionally,theNationalTutoringProgrammeprovidesfundingforafter-schooltutoringtohelpdisadvantagedstudents.A2024studyfoundthattheseinitiativeshaveimprovedexamresultsinparticipatingschools.However,somecriticsarguethatthereformsaretoofocusedonurbanareas,neglectingruralschools.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtoexpandthetutoringprogramtomoreregions.Despitethesechallenges,thereformsareseenasasteptowardcreatingamoreequitableeducationsystem.句子選項：⑧TheNationalTutoringProgrammeexcludesstudentsfromruralareas.⑨TeachingSchoolsAlliancefocusessolelyonprivateschoolreforms.⑩Tutoringprogramshavenotimprovedexamperformance.?Thegovernmentplanstoextendeducationalsupporttomoreregions.答案：?解析：?正確，文中提到政府計劃擴(kuò)大支持范圍。⑧錯誤，文中提該計劃已覆蓋部分偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)。⑨錯誤，聯(lián)盟面向所有學(xué)校。⑩錯誤，研究顯示成績提升。題型四：排序題數(shù)量：2題，每題2分題目13（2分）標(biāo)題：TheUK’sRenewableEnergyTargets內(nèi)容：TheUKhassetambitioustargetstoreducecarbonemissionsandtransitiontorenewableenergy.Thegovernment’sNet-ZeroStrategyoutlinesseveralkeymilestones.First,thecountryaimstoachieve50%renewableenergyinitspowermixby2030.Second,thephasingoutofcoalpowerisscheduledfor2024.Third,thedevelopmentofoffshorewindfarmswillbeprioritizedtomeetenergydemandssustainably.Finally,thegovernmentplanstointroducecarboncapturetechnologiesinindustrialsectors.ThesemeasuresarepartofabroaderefforttoaligntheUKwiththeParisAgreementgoals.However,criticsarguethatthetimelineisunrealisticandmayrequireadditiona