第04講新課學(xué)習(xí)必修第二冊(cè)Unit2（課文學(xué)習(xí)&知識(shí)講解）模塊一思維導(dǎo)圖串知識(shí)模塊二基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)全梳理模塊三教材習(xí)題學(xué)解題模塊四核心考點(diǎn)精準(zhǔn)練模塊五小試牛刀過(guò)關(guān)測(cè)VocabularyMasterwordslike"carry","majority","complain",etc.forfluentexpression.SentencePatternsGrasp"nothingis+comp.than",independentnominative,and"neither...nor...".GrammarUnderstandpresentparticiple'suseasadverbialandobjectcomplementprecisely.CulturalAwarenessAbsorbmoralvaluesandvirtueswithintext,enhanceculturalsensitivity.高頻詞匯1.carry用法：carrysb.throughsth.幫助某人渡過(guò)難關(guān)；使某人熬過(guò)（困難時(shí)期）。例如：Hisunwaveringbeliefcarriedhimthroughthedarkestdaysofhislife.（他堅(jiān)定的信念使他熬過(guò)了生命中最黑暗的日子。）拓展：carryon(with/doingsth.)：繼續(xù)（做某事）。例如：Despitethedifficulties,theycarriedonwiththeirresearch.（盡管困難重重，他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)他們的研究。）carryout：執(zhí)行；實(shí)施；落實(shí)。例如：Theteamcarriedouttheplanmeticulously.（團(tuán)隊(duì)一絲不茍地執(zhí)行了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。）2.majority用法：n.大部分；大多數(shù)。當(dāng)“themajorityof+名詞”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于of后面的名詞。若名詞為復(fù)數(shù)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；若名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如：Themajorityofthestudentsareenthusiasticabouttheschooltrip.（大多數(shù)學(xué)生對(duì)學(xué)校旅行充滿(mǎn)熱情。）例如：Themajorityofthewaterinthelakeispolluted.（湖中的大部分水被污染了。）拓展：major：作為形容詞時(shí)，意為主要的；重要的；大的。例如：Thisisamajorbreakthroughinmedicalresearch.（這是醫(yī)學(xué)研究中的一個(gè)重大突破。）作為動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為主修；專(zhuān)攻。例如：Shemajorsininternationalrelations.（她主修國(guó)際關(guān)系。）minority：意為少數(shù)（人）；少數(shù)民族。例如：Onlyaminorityofthepopulationholdsthisview.（只有少數(shù)人持有這種觀(guān)點(diǎn)。）3.complain用法：vi.&vt.抱怨；發(fā)牢騷；投訴。complain(tosb.)of/aboutsth.：例如：Hecomplainedtothemanagerofthepoorserviceinthehotel.（他向經(jīng)理抱怨酒店服務(wù)差。）complain(tosb.)that...：例如：Shecomplainedtoherparentsthatherworkloadwastooheavy.（她向父母抱怨她的工作量太大。）拓展：“complaint”是名詞，意為投訴；抱怨；訴苦。例如：Thecustomer'scomplaintwasdealtwithpromptly.（顧客的投訴得到了迅速處理。）常用短語(yǔ)“makeacomplaintabout...”（對(duì)……提出投訴）。例如：Theymadeacomplaintaboutthenoisefromtheconstructionsite.（他們對(duì)建筑工地的噪音提出投訴。）4.respond用法：vt.回答；回復(fù)；做出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)。respondto...：例如：Thecompanyfailedtorespondtothecustomers'inquiriesinatimelymanner.（公司未能及時(shí)回復(fù)客戶(hù)的詢(xún)問(wèn)。）respondto...withsth./bydoingsth.：例如：Thegovernmentrespondedtothecrisiswithaseriesofemergencymeasures.（政府以一系列緊急措施應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)。）例如：Herespondedbywritingalongletterofexplanation.（他以寫(xiě)一封長(zhǎng)信解釋作為回應(yīng)。）拓展：“response”是名詞，意為回答；答復(fù)；反應(yīng)；響應(yīng)。例如：Inresponsetothepublic'sconcerns,thenewpolicywasadjusted.（作為對(duì)公眾關(guān)切的回應(yīng)，新政策進(jìn)行了調(diào)整。）常用短語(yǔ)“inresponseto...”（作為對(duì)……的回應(yīng)）。5.elect用法：vt.選舉；推選；選擇；決定。electsb.(as)...：例如：Theclubelectedhimasitsnewpresident.（俱樂(lè)部選他為新主席。）electsb.to...：例如：Shewaselectedtothecitycouncil.（她被選入市議會(huì)。）electtodosth.：例如：Theyelectedtopostponethemeeting.（他們決定推遲會(huì)議。）拓展：“election”是名詞，意為選舉；當(dāng)選。例如：Thegeneralelectionisscheduledfornextmonth.（大選定于下個(gè)月舉行。）6.tend用法：vt.照顧；照料。例如：Thekindnursetendedthewoundedsoldiersdayandnight.（這位善良的護(hù)士日夜照料受傷的士兵。）拓展：tendtowards/to...：趨向；趨于。例如：Theeconomytendstowardsaslowdown.（經(jīng)濟(jì)趨于放緩。）tendtodosth.：往往會(huì)做某事；易于做某事。例如：Hetendstobeforgetful.（他往往很健忘。）tendency：是名詞，意為趨勢(shì)；傾向；偏好。例如：Thereisagrowingtendencyforpeopletoworkfromhome.（人們?cè)诩夜ぷ鞯内厔?shì)日益增長(zhǎng)。）7.scared用法：adj.害怕的；對(duì)……感到驚慌或恐懼的。bescaredof(doing)sth.：例如：Thelittlegirlisscaredofthedark.（小女孩害怕黑暗。）例如：Heisscaredofmakingmistakes.（他害怕犯錯(cuò)。）bescaredtodosth.：例如：Sheisscaredtospeakinpublic.（她不敢在公眾場(chǎng)合講話(huà)。）bescaredtodeath：嚇得要死。例如：Whentheearthquakehit,theywerescaredtodeath.（地震發(fā)生時(shí)，他們嚇得要死。）拓展：scare：作為動(dòng)詞，意為驚嚇；使害怕。例如：Thehorrormoviescaredtheaudience.（這部恐怖電影嚇壞了觀(guān)眾。）常用短語(yǔ)“scaresb.away/off”（把某人嚇跑）。例如：Theloudnoisescaredthebirdsaway.（大噪音把鳥(niǎo)嚇跑了。）scary：是形容詞，意為恐怖的；可怕的。例如：Thatwasareallyscaryexperience.（那是一次非?？膳碌慕?jīng)歷。）8.replace用法：vt.接替；取代；更換。例如：Newtechnologyhasreplacedtraditionalmethodsinmanyindustries.（在許多行業(yè)中，新技術(shù)已經(jīng)取代了傳統(tǒng)方法。）拓展：“replacement”是名詞，意為替換；替代品；接替者。例如：Weneedtofindareplacementforthebrokenmachine.（我們需要找到損壞機(jī)器的替代品。）其他“代替……”的表達(dá)有：“taketheplaceof...”。例如：Renewableenergyisgraduallytakingtheplaceoffossilfuels.（可再生能源正在逐漸取代化石燃料。）“insteadof...”。例如：I'llhaveasaladinsteadoffries.（我要一份沙拉而不是薯?xiàng)l。）9.operation用法：n.手術(shù)；企業(yè)；經(jīng)營(yíng)。haveanoperationon...：例如：Hehadanoperationonhisheartlastyear.（他去年做了心臟手術(shù)。）inoperation：運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中；生效；實(shí)施中。例如：Thenewfactoryisnowinoperation.（新工廠(chǎng)現(xiàn)在已投入運(yùn)營(yíng)。）comeintooperation：開(kāi)始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；生效。例如：Thenewlawwillcomeintooperationnextweek.（新法律下周開(kāi)始生效。）put...intooperation：使……運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；實(shí)施……。例如：Thecompanyputthenewproductionlineintooperation.（公司使新生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)投入運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。）拓展：operate：作為動(dòng)詞，意為操作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；工作；經(jīng)營(yíng)；動(dòng)手術(shù)。例如：Canyouoperatethiscomplexequipment?（你能操作這臺(tái)復(fù)雜的設(shè)備嗎？）例如：Thecompanyoperatesglobally.（這家公司在全球運(yùn)營(yíng)。）例如：Thesurgeonwilloperateonthepatienttomorrow.（外科醫(yī)生明天給病人動(dòng)手術(shù)。）operator：是名詞，意為電話(huà)接線(xiàn)員；操作人員。例如：Theoperatorconnectedmetotherightdepartment.（接線(xiàn)員把我接到了正確的部門(mén)。）10.whisper用法：vi.&vt.悄聲說(shuō)；耳語(yǔ)；低語(yǔ)；傳言；謠傳。whispersth.tosb.：例如：Shewhisperedasecrettoherbestfriend.（她悄悄地把一個(gè)秘密告訴了她最好的朋友。）whisperaboutsth.：例如：Thestudentswerewhisperingabouttheupcomingexam.（學(xué)生們?cè)谇那恼務(wù)摷磳⒌絹?lái)的考試。）Itiswhisperedthat...：例如：Itiswhisperedthatthefamousactorisgettingmarried.（據(jù)傳這位著名演員要結(jié)婚了。）inawhisper=inwhispers：低聲地；悄聲地。例如：Theyweretalkinginwhisperssoasnottowakethebaby.（他們低聲交談以免吵醒嬰兒。）11.assist用法：vt.幫助；援助。assist(sb.)with/insth.：例如：Thevolunteersassistedtheoldpeoplewiththeirdailychores.（志愿者幫助老人做日?，嵤隆＃├纾篐eassistedintheorganizationoftheevent.（他協(xié)助組織了這次活動(dòng)。）assistsb.indoing/todosth.：例如：Thetutorassistedthestudentinimprovinghiswritingskills.（導(dǎo)師幫助學(xué)生提高寫(xiě)作技能。）例如：Thecoachassistedtheathletetobreaktherecord.（教練幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員打破紀(jì)錄。）拓展：assistance：是名詞，意為幫助。例如：Withtheassistanceofmoderntechnology,wecansolvemanyproblemsmoreeasily.（借助現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，我們可以更輕松地解決許多問(wèn)題。）常用短語(yǔ)“cometoone'sassistance”（幫助某人）。例如：WhenIlostmyway,akindstrangercametomyassistance.（當(dāng)我迷路時(shí)，一個(gè)好心的陌生人來(lái)幫助我。）assistant：作為名詞，意為助理；助手。例如：Myassistantwillhandlethedetails.（我的助手會(huì)處理細(xì)節(jié)。）作為形容詞，意為助理的；副的。例如：Heisanassistantprofessor.（他是一名助理教授。）12.memory用法：n.記憶力；回憶。inmemoryof...：為了紀(jì)念……。例如：Themonumentwasbuiltinmemoryoftheheroeswhosacrificedthemselves.（這座紀(jì)念碑是為了紀(jì)念犧牲的英雄們而建的。）haveagood/badmemoryfor...：例如：Hehasagoodmemoryforhistoricalevents.（他對(duì)歷史事件記憶力很好。）in/withinone'smemory：例如：Thisisthemostseverestorminmymemory.（這是我記憶中最嚴(yán)重的風(fēng)暴。）frommemory：例如：Theoldmanrecitedthepoemfrommemory.（老人憑記憶背誦了這首詩(shī)。）拓展：“memorize”是動(dòng)詞，意為記住；記憶。例如：Youshouldmemorizethesekeypointsfortheexam.（你應(yīng)該記住這些考試要點(diǎn)。）13.tear用法：n.眼淚；淚水。intears：流著淚；含著淚；哭著。例如：Themotherwasintearswhensheheardthenewsaboutherson.（母親聽(tīng)到兒子的消息時(shí)哭了。）burstintotears：突然大哭起來(lái)。例如：Thechildburstintotearswhenhecouldn'tfindhistoy.（孩子找不到玩具時(shí)突然大哭起來(lái)。）bemovedtotears：感動(dòng)得流淚。例如：Theaudiencewasmovedtotearsbythetouchingperformance.（觀(guān)眾被感人的表演感動(dòng)得流淚。）拓展：“tear”作為動(dòng)詞，意為撕裂；撕碎。例如：Hetoretheenvelopeopenimpatiently.（他不耐煩地撕開(kāi)了信封。）常用短語(yǔ)“teardown”（拆除；拆掉）。例如：Theoldbuildingwastorndowntomakewayforanewone.（舊建筑被拆除以便建造新的。）“tearup”（撕毀；撕碎）。例如：Shetoreuptheletterinanger.（她生氣地撕毀了信。）14.harm用法：n.&vt.傷害；損害。doharmto...：例如：Excessivedrinkingdoesgreatharmtoone'sliver.（過(guò)度飲酒對(duì)肝臟有很大損害。）cause...harm：例如：Theaccidentcausedseriousharmtohisphysicalandmentalhealth.（這次事故對(duì)他的身心健康造成了嚴(yán)重傷害。）meannoharm：沒(méi)有惡意。例如：Imeannoharm.Ijustwanttogiveyousomeadvice.（我沒(méi)有惡意。我只是想給你一些建議。）thereisnoharmindoingsth.：做某事沒(méi)有壞處。例如：Thereisnoharmintryingnewthings.（嘗試新事物沒(méi)有壞處。）拓展：harmful：是形容詞，意為有害的。例如：Pollutionisharmfultotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.（污染對(duì)環(huán)境和人類(lèi)健康有害。）harmless：是形容詞，意為無(wú)害的；無(wú)惡意的。例如：It'sjustaharmlessjoke.Don'ttakeittooseriously.（這只是一個(gè)無(wú)害的玩笑。別太當(dāng)真。）重點(diǎn)句型1.nothingis+形容詞比較級(jí)+than....用法：該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“沒(méi)有什么比……更……”，用比較級(jí)的形式來(lái)表達(dá)最高級(jí)的含義。than后面可以接名詞、代詞或不定式。例如：Nothingismorepreciousthantime.（沒(méi)有什么比時(shí)間更珍貴。）拓展：其他用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：“比較級(jí)+thananyother+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”。例如：Thisbuildingistallerthananyotherbuildinginthecity.（這座建筑比城市里任何其他建筑都高。）“比較級(jí)+thantheother+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”。例如：Thisbookismoreinterestingthantheotherbooksontheshelf.（這本書(shū)比書(shū)架上其他的書(shū)都有趣。）2.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)用法：當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，就需要把其邏輯主語(yǔ)放在前面，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的邏輯主語(yǔ)常由名詞或主格代詞充當(dāng)，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，可用來(lái)表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式、伴隨或補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明等情況。例如：Therainhavingstopped,wecontinuedourjourney.（雨停了之后，我們繼續(xù)旅程。）這里“Therain”是“havingstopped”的邏輯主語(yǔ)，該結(jié)構(gòu)表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于“Aftertherainstopped”。拓展：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)還有其他形式，如：名詞/主格代詞+過(guò)去分詞。例如：Thetaskfinished,wefeltasenseofaccomplishment.（任務(wù)完成后，我們有一種成就感。）“Thetask”是“finished”的邏輯主語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間上的先后順序，相當(dāng)于“Afterthetaskwasfinished”。名詞/主格代詞+不定式。例如：Somestudentstohelp,theteacherfinishedtheprojectquickly.（有一些學(xué)生幫忙，老師很快完成了項(xiàng)目。）“Somestudentstohelp”表示補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。3.neither...nor...用法：“neither...nor...”意為“既不……也不……”，常用來(lái)連接兩個(gè)并列的成分，如兩個(gè)名詞、代詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞等。當(dāng)連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要遵循“就近原則”，即與靠近謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)在人稱(chēng)和數(shù)上保持一致。例如：Neithertheteachernorthestudentsaresatisfiedwiththeresult.（老師和學(xué)生都對(duì)結(jié)果不滿(mǎn)意。）這里靠近謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“are”的主語(yǔ)是“thestudents”，所以謂語(yǔ)用“are”。如果連接的是兩個(gè)并列分句，且位于句首時(shí)，要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即把助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前面。例如：Neitherdoeshelikereading,nordoeshelikewriting.（他既不喜歡閱讀，也不喜歡寫(xiě)作。）拓展：表達(dá)“也不……”的倒裝句還可以用“neither/nor+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”。例如：Ican'tplaythepiano.Neithercanmysister.（我不會(huì)彈鋼琴。我妹妹也不會(huì)。）語(yǔ)法精講1.現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)(1)基本用法：邏輯主語(yǔ)通常是句子的主語(yǔ)，且和主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。它能表示多種邏輯關(guān)系。時(shí)間關(guān)系：例如：Enteringtheroom,Isawabeautifulbouquetofflowers.（走進(jìn)房間的時(shí)候，我看到了一束漂亮的花。）相當(dāng)于WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawabeautifulbouquetofflowers.原因關(guān)系：例如：Knowinghishonesty,Itrustedhimcompletely.（因?yàn)橹浪苷\(chéng)實(shí)，所以我完全信任他。）這里“Knowinghishonesty”是原因狀語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于BecauseIknewhishonesty.條件關(guān)系：例如：Workinghard,youwillachieveyourgoals.（如果努力工作，你將會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。）相當(dāng)于Ifyouworkhard,youwillachieveyourgoals.讓步關(guān)系：例如：Admittingwhathesaid,Istillthinkheiswronginsomeways.（盡管承認(rèn)他說(shuō)的話(huà)，但我仍然認(rèn)為他在某些方面是錯(cuò)的。）相當(dāng)于AlthoughIadmitwhathesaid,Istillthinkheiswronginsomeways.伴隨關(guān)系：例如：Laughingandtalking,thechildrenwalkedtoschool.（孩子們笑著、說(shuō)著走向?qū)W校。）“Laughingandtalking”表示伴隨的動(dòng)作，和“walked”同時(shí)發(fā)生。結(jié)果關(guān)系：例如：Thestormlastedfordays,causinggreatdamagetothecrops.（暴風(fēng)雨持續(xù)了好幾天，給莊稼造成了巨大的損害。）“causinggreatdamagetothecrops”是“暴風(fēng)雨持續(xù)好幾天”導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。(2)注意事項(xiàng)：時(shí)態(tài)形式：一般式（doing）：表示和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。例如：Hearingthenews,shejumpedwithjoy.（聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，她高興得跳了起來(lái)。）“聽(tīng)到消息”和“跳起來(lái)”幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。完成式（havingdone）：表示在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生。例如：HavingvisitedParismanytimes,heknewthecityverywell.（因?yàn)槿ミ^(guò)巴黎很多次，所以他對(duì)這個(gè)城市非常了解。）“去過(guò)巴黎很多次”這個(gè)動(dòng)作在“對(duì)這個(gè)城市非常了解”之前。語(yǔ)態(tài)形式：主動(dòng)式（doing和havingdone）：例如：Takingawalkinthepark,Ienjoyedthefreshair.（我在公園散步，享受著新鮮空氣。）“Takingawalk”是主動(dòng)動(dòng)作，邏輯主語(yǔ)是I。被動(dòng)式（beingdone和havingbeendone）：例如：Beingpraisedbytheteacher,hefeltalittleshy.（被老師表?yè)P(yáng)的時(shí)候，他感覺(jué)有點(diǎn)害羞。）“Beingpraised”是被動(dòng)動(dòng)作，邏輯主語(yǔ)是he。例如：Havingbeeninvitedtotheparty,shepreparedanicegift.（已經(jīng)被邀請(qǐng)參加聚會(huì)后，她準(zhǔn)備了一份精美的禮物。）“Havingbeeninvited”是完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)“被邀請(qǐng)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作先完成。獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí)，在現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)前加上邏輯主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：Themeetingbeingover,alltheparticipantslefttheroom.（會(huì)議結(jié)束后，所有與會(huì)者都離開(kāi)了房間。）“Themeeting”是“beingover”的邏輯主語(yǔ)，和句子主語(yǔ)“alltheparticipants”不同。2.現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)用法：用于感官動(dòng)詞（如see、hear、feel、watch、notice等）和使役動(dòng)詞（如have、get、leave、keep等）后，表示賓語(yǔ)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。感官動(dòng)詞后：例如：Isawaboyrunningontheplayground.（我看見(jiàn)一個(gè)男孩正在操場(chǎng)上跑步。）“running”作“aboy”的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明“男孩”正在進(jìn)行“跑步”這個(gè)動(dòng)作。例如：Sheheardsomeonesinginginthenextroom.（她聽(tīng)到有人在隔壁房間唱歌。）“singing”補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明“有人”正在“唱歌”。使役動(dòng)詞后：例如：Thebosshadtheworkersworkingovertime.（老板讓工人們加班。）“working”表示“工人們”正在進(jìn)行“加班”這個(gè)動(dòng)作。例如：Heleftthewaterrunning.（他讓水一直流著。）“running”說(shuō)明“水”的狀態(tài)是“一直流著”。拓展：在“with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，和賓語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。例如：Withthewindblowingstrongly,wehadtostayindoors.（因?yàn)轱L(fēng)刮得很大，我們不得不待在室內(nèi)。）“blowing”作“thewind”的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，“thewind”和“blowing”是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。提升練習(xí)(2019人教版英語(yǔ)必修三第18頁(yè))Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.feelwantfacesmilereturnworryhearknockfeelwantfacesmilereturnworryhearknock1.___________thathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,Mr.Johnsonhurriedtothehospital.2.Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhour___________abouthim.3.Isawherwhisperingsomethingintohisear,obviouslynot___________tobeheard.4.Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone___________athisdoor.5.___________higherimportandexportcosts,thecompanyislookingforwaystosurvive.6.___________fromtheNorthPole,thetravelerwroteabookabouthisexperienceandhaditpublishedthefollowingyear.7.Thechildlayonhermother’slap,___________sweetly.8.___________hurtbytherejection,shebitherlipandquietlywalkedaway.核心考點(diǎn)1：carry1.（選擇題）Thelovefromhisfamilycarriedhim______thehardtime.A.offB.throughC.outD.on2.（翻譯題）他的友誼幫我熬過(guò)了孤獨(dú)的日子。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Weshouldcarry______ourplan.核心考點(diǎn)2：majority1.（選擇題）The______ofpeoplelikemusic.A.majorB.majorityC.mostD.mainly2.（翻譯題）大多數(shù)孩子都喜歡玩游戲。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）A______(major)ofthestudentsarehere.核心考點(diǎn)3：complain1.（選擇題）Shecomplained______herteacherabouttoomuchhomework.A.toB.forC.withD.at2.（翻譯題）他向父母抱怨學(xué)校的飯菜不好吃。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Hecomplained______aheadache.核心考點(diǎn)4：respond1.（選擇題）Theboyresponded______myquestionquickly.A.toB.forC.withD.at2.（翻譯題）她用微笑回應(yīng)了他的幫助。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Therewasnoresponse______hisletter.核心考點(diǎn)5：elect1.（選擇題）Weelectedhim______ourleader.A.asB.forC.toD.with2.（翻譯題）他們選舉了一位新班長(zhǎng)。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Hewaselected______theteam.核心考點(diǎn)6：tend1.（選擇題）Thedoctortended______thesickpeople.A.forB.toC.withD.at2.（翻譯題）護(hù)士們精心照料病人。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Pricestend______goup.核心考點(diǎn)7：scared1.（選擇題）Thegirlisscared______dogs.A.ofB.toC.withD.at2.（翻譯題）他害怕晚上一個(gè)人走路。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Theloudnoisescaredthebaby______(cry).核心考點(diǎn)8：“nothingis+形容詞比較級(jí)+than....”1.（選擇題）Nothingis______(interesting)thanreadingagoodbook.2.（翻譯題）沒(méi)有什么比健康更重要。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Nothingis______(exciting)thantravelingtonewplaces.核心考點(diǎn)9：獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)1.（填空題）Thehomework______(finish),wewentouttoplay.2.（翻譯題）天氣晴朗，我們決定去野餐。_______________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Themeeting______(begin),everyonegotdowntobusiness.核心考點(diǎn)10：“neither...nor...”1.（填空題）NeitherhisfriendsnorTom______(like)spicyfood.2.（翻譯題）他既不喜歡跑步也不喜歡游泳。__________________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______(be)satisfiedwiththeresult.核心考點(diǎn)11：現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)1.（填空題）______(walk)alongthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.2.（翻譯題）因?yàn)橹浪苊?，我沒(méi)有打擾他。__________________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）______(study)hardfortheexam,hegotgoodgrades.核心考點(diǎn)12：現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.（填空題）Isawaboy______(play)footballinthepark.2.（翻譯題）我聽(tīng)到她在隔壁房間唱歌。__________________________________________________________________________________3.（填空題）Thebosskepttheworkers______(work)overtime.一、單句語(yǔ)法填空題1.Afterhe____(finish)hishomework,hewenttoplayfootball.2.____(see)fromthetopofthemountain,thecitylooksbeautiful.3.Themanstoodthere,____(look)atthepictureonthewall.4.Weheardher____(sing)inthenextroom.5.Themeeting____(hold)tomorrowisveryimportant.6.Ihavealotofwork____(do)today.7.Withthework____(do),hewenthome.8.Thegirlisbusy____(prepare)fortheexam.9.____(notreceive)areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.10.Theteacherhadthestudents____(clean)theclassroom.11.Thehouse____(build)lastyearisverybig.12.____(compare)withyou,Istillhavealongwaytogo.13.Nothingis____(valuable)thanhealth.14.NeitherhenorI____(be)goodatmath.15.Herwordsmademe____(feel)better.二、閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇最佳選項(xiàng)YouprobablyknowwhoMarieCuriewas,butyoumaynothaveheardofRachelCarson.Oftheoutstandingladieslistedbelow,whodoyouthinkwasthemostimportantwomanofthepast100years?JaneAddams(1860-1935)AnyonewhohaseverbeenhelpedbyasocialworkerhasJaneAddamstothank.Addamshelpedthepoorandworkedforpeace.Sheencouragedasenseofcommunity(社區(qū))bycreatingsheltersandpromotingeducationandservicesforpeopleinneed.In1931,AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowintheNobelPeacePrize.RachelCarson(1907-1964)Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmentalmovementmightnotexisttoday.Herpopular1962bookSilentSpringraisedawarenessofthedangersofpollutionandtheharmfuleffectsofchemicalsonhumansandontheworld’slakesandoceans.SandraDayO’Connor(1930-present)WhenSandraDayO’ConnorfinishedthirdinherclassatStanfordLawSchool,in1952,shecouldnotfindworkatalawfirmbecauseshewasawoman.ShebecameanArizonastatesenator(參議員)and,in1981,thefirstwomantojointheUSSupremeCourt.O’Connorgavethedecidingvoteinmanyimportantcasesduringher24yearsonthetopcourt.RosaParks(1913-2005)On1December1955,inMontgomery,Alabama,RosaParkswouldnotgiveupherseatonabustoawhitepassenger.HersimpleactlandedParksinprison.ButitalsosetofftheMontgomerybusboycott.Itlastedformorethanayear,andkickedoffthecivil-rightsmovement.“TheonlytiredIwas,wastiredofgivingin,”saidParks.1．WhatisJaneAddamsnotedforinhistory?A．Hersocialwork. B．Herteachingskills.C．Hereffortstowinaprize. D．Hercommunitybackground.2．WhatwasthereasonforO’Connor’sbeingrejectedbythelawfirm?A．Herlackofpropertraininginlaw.B．Herlittleworkexperienceincourt.C．Thediscrimination(歧視)againstwomen.D．Thepoorfinancialconditions.3．Whomadeagreatcontributiontothecivil-rightsmovementintheUS?A．JaneAddams. B．RachelCarson.C．SandraDayO’Connor. D．RosaParks.AChinesefemalepilothassetarecordinthecountry’sairlineindustryafterflyingasmallplanefor40minutesinBeijing.MiaoXiaohong,oneofChina’ssecondbatch(一批)offemalepilots,controlledtheTecnamP2010planetotakeoff,turn,climb,diveandlandsafelyattheShifosiAirportinPingguDistrictofBeijing.In1956,MiaoXiaohong,whograduatedfromahighschoolinJinan,wonapositioninthesecondbatch.Shegraduatedfromtheflightschoolin1958.Inthefollowingyears,sheflewmanyimportantmissions.In1963,sheacceptedamissiontoairdropmaterialsfortheflood-strickenareasinHeheiProvince.Poorvisibility(能見(jiàn)度)preventedherlocatingthetargetareasasthecloudswereabout100metersabovetheground,butshemanagedtofinishthetask.In1989,sheretiredandstartedherwritingcareer.Whenshecollectedmaterialsforherbooks,shefoundthatmanyagedpilotsinothercountriesstillflew,soshehadtheideaofreturningtothesky.Topreparefortheflight,shewalked3,000stepseverydayandmovedherarmstomeettherequirementsforhigh-altitudeflightduringthepasttwomonths.Differentfrompastflightsformissions,thistimehergoalwastoenjoytheflight.Shesaidthatitwasexcitingandfresh.“Seeingtheboundlessblueskyunfoldinfrontofme,Ifeelitisveryopen,”shesaid.ThetrainersaidthatMiaoXiaohongcouldfinish30hoursofflighttogetalicenseforthecommercialflight.Shesaid,“Myphysicalconditionisgoodenoughtofinishthe30-hourflightbutitisnotsoimportantformetogetsuchalicense.Afterachievingmydreamofreturningtothesky,Ihopetoencourageyoungwomentojointheairlineindustry.I’m82yearsoldandIcanflyagain.You,theyoungpeople,canflyandwillflybetterthanme.”4．WhatcanwelearnaboutMiaoXiaohongfromherairdropmission?A．Shewasaveryluckypilot. B．Sheseldomfinishedhardtasks.C．Shehadexcellentflyingskills. D．Shesufferedfrompooreyesight.5．WhatmadeMiaoXiaohonghavetheideaofflyingaplaneattheageof82?A．Herdeeploveforshy. B．Therequirementsofherbooks.C．Herwishtosetaflyingrecord. D．Theinfluenceofforeignagedpilots.6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMiaoXiaohong?A．Strict. B．Determined. C．Stubborn. D．Generous.7．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．ReturningtotheBlueSky. B．ImprovingYourFlightSkills.C．ManagingtoFinishDifficultTasks. D．ImprovingYourselftoSetaRecord.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白位置的最佳選項(xiàng)HouYifan,bornonFebruary27,1994inJiangsu,China,isaworld-famousChinesechessplayer.ShewastheWomen’sWorldChesschampion,theyoungestevertowinthetitle.Houstartedplayingchesswhenshewas5yearsoldin1999.8“ItwassointerestingthatIwasattractedbythechessanddecidedtotakeupthehobby,”saidHou.“9Evenwhenthereareonlyfiveorsixpiecesleftontheboard,youcannotpredictalltheresults.”saidHou.“Soinsteadoffocusingtoomuchontheories,weshoulddependonpracticeandskillsmore.”Learningmethodsfromthepastmatchesandpracticingchessbecameherdailyactivities.10shebecametheyoungestchesschampionintheworldattheageof16.Althoughshebecameafamouschessstarknownallovertheworld,Houwasn’tproudofit.“I’mhappytowinthesetitles,butIknowthisisacoinwithtwosides,”Houadded.“AsIgainpublicattention,myfaultswillbecomelarger.SoIshouldkeepimproving.”11In2012,shestudiedInternationalRelationsatPekingUniversityandthenshewenttotheUniversityofOxfordin2018.In2020,shebecamea`teacheratShenzhenUniversity.12A．Chessisabraingamefullofuncertainties.B．Itneededalotofhardwork,butitwasworthit.C．Oneofthebeautifulaspectsofchessisitsuniversality.D．ShewantedtoteachwhatshehadlearnedtomoreyoungChinesepeople.E．Atthattime,herparentstookHoutotrydifferentbraingamesatatrainingcenter.F．In2013,HouYifanwontheWomen’sWorldChessChampionshipforthethirdtime.G．Havingfocusedoninternationalchessforalongtime,Houthendecidedtostudyincollege.三、完形填空AstheotherfourplayersenjoythecrucialvictoryinanArenaofValor(《傳說(shuō)對(duì)決》)competition,theyremainedunawarethattheirteammateLuDongisaParalympic(殘奧會(huì))13championwhoplayswithherfeet.Lu14aninterestinArenaofValorin2017.15,herappearancesinInternetcafesdrewalotofcuriousglances,whichmadeher16.However,italsoledtogenerouscomplimentswhenothers17herremarkableskills.Besidesvideogames,Luhas18anhourdailytopianopracticeforthepastthreeyearsandhasalsoshowcasedherskillsinbothcookingandbeautymakeup