金屬-有機聚合物催化材料研究進展文獻綜述傳統金屬-有機聚合物用作電催化反應時，需要經過高溫熱解，得到衍生碳材料具有良好的導電性，可用作電催化反應。但是高溫熱解后的材料結構和組成不明確，難以實現材料結構的精準構筑，給催化反應機理的研究帶來挑戰(zhàn)。所以合成可直接用于電催化反應的金屬-有機聚合物材料，研究工作者做了不同嘗試，也得到了很多成果，目前最常用的方法主要有：將金屬-有機聚合物與碳材料復合、電沉積合成超薄金屬-有機聚合物材料、選擇具有多電子的金屬團簇具有共軛結構的配體合成PMOF，對傳統金屬-有機聚合物改性使其導電等。目前，通過材料與導電載體的復合，實現材料整體導電，材料載體一般為碳黑，碳納米管，石墨烯、氧化石墨烯（GO）等物質，利用碳基的接受電子的能力，以及聚合物的供電子能力，實現電子在有機聚合物和碳載體之間的傳輸，從而實現材料導電。材料與導電載體有兩種結合方式，機械復合和原位生長，兩者之間的區(qū)別在于，碳載體加入的次序。機械復合，指在材料合成之后，將材料與碳基一起進行機械研磨，或者通過超聲等方式進行復合。原位生長指在材料的合成過程中加入碳載體，通過控制合成過程中條件，實現材料在碳材料表面的生長，從而實現材料整體的導電，可直接用作氧還原催化劑。該方法避免了碳化過程中結構的坍塌，以及活性組分的流失。在2019年，向中華團隊ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Peng</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>65</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[63]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>65</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998990">65</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Peng,Peng</author><author>Shi,Lei</author><author>Huo,Feng</author><author>Mi,Chunxia</author><author>Wu,Xiaohong</author><author>Zhang,Suojiang</author><author>Xiang,Zhonghua</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Apyrolysis-freepathtowardsuperiorlycatalyticnitrogen-coordinatedsingleatom</title><secondary-title>ScienceAdvances</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ScienceAdvances</full-title></periodical><pages>eaaw2322</pages><volume>5</volume><number>8</number><dates><year>2019</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>/content/5/8/eaaw2322.abstract</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1126/sciadv.aaw2322</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[63]發(fā)表了一篇文章，采用機械研磨的方法，將合成鐵酞氰聚合物與石墨烯一起研磨，實現鐵酞氰在石墨烯上表面的均勻生長，通過鐵酞氰與石墨烯的物理結合，實現兩者電子云的重疊，提高整體的導電性能，合成了一種氮摻雜單原子催化劑，具有良好的氧還原(ORR)催化性能，在0.1MKOH溶液中，半波電位高達880-910mV，優(yōu)于Pt/C氧還原半波電位性能，860mVvsRHE，Tafel斜率僅為31.7mV/dec，并且在鋅-空氣電池的應用上，表現出優(yōu)異的功率密度123.43mW·cm?2，而商業(yè)Pt/C在同樣條件下功率密度為113.81mW·cm?2，在電流密度為100mA·cm-2時，比容量為732

mAh/gZn，良好的穩(wěn)定性，300循環(huán)后，性能只衰減0.1%。材料結構和性能如圖1-4所示。通過該方法合成的材料，避免了碳化過程中金屬團聚等問題，分子結構明確，使得催化反應過程中機理更加清晰。圖1-4：材料結構及氧還原催化性能ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Peng</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>65</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[63]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>65</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998990">65</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Peng,Peng</author><author>Shi,Lei</author><author>Huo,Feng</author><author>Mi,Chunxia</author><author>Wu,Xiaohong</author><author>Zhang,Suojiang</author><author>Xiang,Zhonghua</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Apyrolysis-freepathtowardsuperiorlycatalyticnitrogen-coordinatedsingleatom</title><secondary-title>ScienceAdvances</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ScienceAdvances</full-title></periodical><pages>eaaw2322</pages><volume>5</volume><number>8</number><dates><year>2019</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>/content/5/8/eaaw2322.abstract</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1126/sciadv.aaw2322</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[63]Figure1-4.MaterialstructureandoxygenreductioncatalyticperformanceADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Peng</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>65</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[63]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>65</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998990">65</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Peng,Peng</author><author>Shi,Lei</author><author>Huo,Feng</author><author>Mi,Chunxia</author><author>Wu,Xiaohong</author><author>Zhang,Suojiang</author><author>Xiang,Zhonghua</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Apyrolysis-freepathtowardsuperiorlycatalyticnitrogen-coordinatedsingleatom</title><secondary-title>ScienceAdvances</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ScienceAdvances</full-title></periodical><pages>eaaw2322</pages><volume>5</volume><number>8</number><dates><year>2019</year></dates><urls><related-urls><url>/content/5/8/eaaw2322.abstract</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1126/sciadv.aaw2322</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[63]2018年，D.M團隊ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Micheroni</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>63</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[61]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>63</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998759">63</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Micheroni,Daniel</author><author>Lan,Guangxu</author><author>Lin,Wenbin</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>EfficientElectrocatalyticProtonReductionwithCarbonNanotube-SupportedMetal–OrganicFrameworks</title><secondary-title>JournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>JournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety</full-title></periodical><pages>15591-15595</pages><volume>140</volume><number>46</number><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>2018/11/21</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>AmericanChemicalSociety</publisher><isbn>0002-7863</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1021/jacs.8b09521</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1021/jacs.8b09521</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[61]在碳納米管上生長卟啉金屬MOFs材料，提高了電子在碳納米管和卟啉之間傳導的能力，使得材料導電性能良好，可直接應用于電催化反應。龍曉靜ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Long</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>64</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[62]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>64</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998817">64</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Long,Xiaojing</author><author>Li,Daohao</author><author>Wang,Binbin</author><author>Jiang,Zhenjie</author><author>Xu,Wenjia</author><author>Wang,Bingbing</author><author>Yang,Dongjiang</author><author>Xia,Yanzhi</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>HeterocyclizationStrategyforConstructionofLinearConjugatedPolymers:EfficientMetal-FreeElectrocatalystsforOxygenReduction</title><secondary-title>AngewandteChemieInternationalEdition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AngewandteChemieInternationalEdition</full-title></periodical><pages>11369-11373</pages><volume>58</volume><number>33</number><keywords><keyword>electrocatalysis</keyword><keyword>graphene</keyword><keyword>heterocycles</keyword><keyword>linearconjugatedpolymer</keyword><keyword>oxygenreductionreaction</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>2019/08/12</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd</publisher><isbn>1433-7851</isbn><work-type>/10.1002/anie.201905468</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1002/anie.201905468</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>/10.1002/anie.201905468</electronic-resource-num><access-date>2021/03/17</access-date></record></Cite></EndNote>[62]等研究人員，在還原石墨烯上聚合不同的單體，生成線性聚合物，在這些聚合物中，吡啶和噻吩分子與氧化石墨烯共價連接形成的材料（P-T）具有顯著的氧還原催化性能，在0.1MKOH溶液中，半波電位為0.79V（vsRHE），優(yōu)異的電化學穩(wěn)定性。如圖1-5所示。圖1-5：材料結構與催化性能ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Long</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>64</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[62]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>64</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998817">64</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Long,Xiaojing</author><author>Li,Daohao</author><author>Wang,Binbin</author><author>Jiang,Zhenjie</author><author>Xu,Wenjia</author><author>Wang,Bingbing</author><author>Yang,Dongjiang</author><author>Xia,Yanzhi</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>HeterocyclizationStrategyforConstructionofLinearConjugatedPolymers:EfficientMetal-FreeElectrocatalystsforOxygenReduction</title><secondary-title>AngewandteChemieInternationalEdition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AngewandteChemieInternationalEdition</full-title></periodical><pages>11369-11373</pages><volume>58</volume><number>33</number><keywords><keyword>electrocatalysis</keyword><keyword>graphene</keyword><keyword>heterocycles</keyword><keyword>linearconjugatedpolymer</keyword><keyword>oxygenreductionreaction</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>2019/08/12</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd</publisher><isbn>1433-7851</isbn><work-type>/10.1002/anie.201905468</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1002/anie.201905468</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>/10.1002/anie.201905468</electronic-resource-num><access-date>2021/03/17</access-date></record></Cite></EndNote>[62]Figure1-5.MaterialstructureandcatalyticperformanceADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Long</Author><Year>2019</Year><RecNum>64</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[62]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>64</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615998817">64</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Long,Xiaojing</author><author>Li,Daohao</author><author>Wang,Binbin</author><author>Jiang,Zhenjie</author><author>Xu,Wenjia</author><author>Wang,Bingbing</author><author>Yang,Dongjiang</author><author>Xia,Yanzhi</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>HeterocyclizationStrategyforConstructionofLinearConjugatedPolymers:EfficientMetal-FreeElectrocatalystsforOxygenReduction</title><secondary-title>AngewandteChemieInternationalEdition</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>AngewandteChemieInternationalEdition</full-title></periodical><pages>11369-11373</pages><volume>58</volume><number>33</number><keywords><keyword>electrocatalysis</keyword><keyword>graphene</keyword><keyword>heterocycles</keyword><keyword>linearconjugatedpolymer</keyword><keyword>oxygenreductionreaction</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2019</year><pub-dates><date>2019/08/12</date></pub-dates></dates><publisher>JohnWiley&Sons,Ltd</publisher><isbn>1433-7851</isbn><work-type>/10.1002/anie.201905468</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1002/anie.201905468</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>/10.1002/anie.201905468</electronic-resource-num><access-date>2021/03/17</access-date></record></Cite></EndNote>[62]JosephT.Hupp團隊ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Goswami</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>113</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[59]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>113</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1616076105">113</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Goswami,Subhadip</author><author>Ray,Debmalya</author><author>Otake,Ken-ichi</author><author>Kung,Chung-Wei</author><author>Garibay,SergioJ.</author><author>Islamoglu,Timur</author><author>Atilgan,Ahmet</author><author>Cui,Yuexing</author><author>Cramer,ChristopherJ.</author><author>Farha,OmarK.</author><author>Hupp,JosephT.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Aporous,electricallyconductivehexa-zirconium(iv)metal–organicframework</title><secondary-title>ChemicalScience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ChemicalScience</full-title></periodical><pages>4477-4482</pages><volume>9</volume><number>19</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><publisher>TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry</publisher><isbn>2041-6520</isbn><work-type>10.1039/C8SC00961A</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1039/C8SC00961A</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1039/C8SC00961A</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[59]，將MOFs材料與C60組裝，使C60球狀體嵌入到金屬有機框架內，通過金屬框架與C60之間形成供-受電子之間的關系，使材料達到整體導電的目標，實驗表明C60填充了MOFs材料60%的孔穴結構，使不能導電的MOFs材料，導電率增加到10?3S·cm?1。材料結構如圖1-6所示。圖1-6：材料結構ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Goswami</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>113</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[59]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>113</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1616076105">113</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Goswami,Subhadip</author><author>Ray,Debmalya</author><author>Otake,Ken-ichi</author><author>Kung,Chung-Wei</author><author>Garibay,SergioJ.</author><author>Islamoglu,Timur</author><author>Atilgan,Ahmet</author><author>Cui,Yuexing</author><author>Cramer,ChristopherJ.</author><author>Farha,OmarK.</author><author>Hupp,JosephT.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Aporous,electricallyconductivehexa-zirconium(iv)metal–organicframework</title><secondary-title>ChemicalScience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ChemicalScience</full-title></periodical><pages>4477-4482</pages><volume>9</volume><number>19</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><publisher>TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry</publisher><isbn>2041-6520</isbn><work-type>10.1039/C8SC00961A</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1039/C8SC00961A</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1039/C8SC00961A</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[59]Figure1-6.MaterialstructureADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Goswami</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>113</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[59]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>113</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1616076105">113</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Goswami,Subhadip</author><author>Ray,Debmalya</author><author>Otake,Ken-ichi</author><author>Kung,Chung-Wei</author><author>Garibay,SergioJ.</author><author>Islamoglu,Timur</author><author>Atilgan,Ahmet</author><author>Cui,Yuexing</author><author>Cramer,ChristopherJ.</author><author>Farha,OmarK.</author><author>Hupp,JosephT.</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Aporous,electricallyconductivehexa-zirconium(iv)metal–organicframework</title><secondary-title>ChemicalScience</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>ChemicalScience</full-title></periodical><pages>4477-4482</pages><volume>9</volume><number>19</number><dates><year>2018</year></dates><publisher>TheRoyalSocietyofChemistry</publisher><isbn>2041-6520</isbn><work-type>10.1039/C8SC00961A</work-type><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1039/C8SC00961A</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1039/C8SC00961A</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[59]人們還采用電聚合的方法，在電極表面形成理想的MOFs材料，可以控制電壓、溶劑、表面活性劑、溫度等因素，從而控制合成材料的厚度，材料越薄，電子傳輸路徑越短，越容易實現材料的導電，并且材料表面更多的活性位點暴露出來，可以提高材料的催化活性ADDINEN.CITEADDINEN.CITE.DATA[69-71]，合成示意圖如圖1-7。趙申龍等ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhao</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>76</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[72]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>76</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615999998">76</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhao,Shenlong</author><author>Wang,Yun</author><author>Dong,Juncai</author><author>He,Chun-Ting</author><author>Yin,Huajie</author><author>An,Pengfei</author><author>Zhao,Kun</author><author>Zhang,Xiaofei</author><author>Gao,Chao</author><author>Zhang,Lijuan</author><author>Lv,Jiawei</author><author>Wang,Jinxin</author><author>Zhang,Jianqi</author><author>Khattak,AbdulMuqsit</author><author>Khan,NiazAli</author><author>Wei,Zhixiang</author><author>Zhang,Jing</author><author>Liu,Shaoqin</author><author>Zhao,Huijun</author><author>Tang,Zhiyong</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Ultrathinmetal–organicframeworknanosheetsforelectrocatalyticoxygenevolution</title><secondary-title>NatureEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NatureEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>16184</pages><volume>1</volume><number>12</number><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>2016/11/28</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2058-7546</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1038/nenergy.2016.184</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/nenergy.2016.184</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[72]通過電聚合的方法，在玻碳電極和銅片上合成超薄的Ni-Co雙金屬MOFs催化劑，具有很好的導電性，在堿性條件下，該材料表現出很好的氧析出催化性能，使用玻璃碳電極上做載體，在其上合成的超薄鎳雙金屬-有機骨架納米片，需要250mV的過電位達到10mA·cm-2的電流密度。當MOF納米片沉積到泡沫銅上時，過電位降至189mV。分子結構如圖1-8所示。電聚合過程中，對合成條件要求比較苛刻，材料合成過程中，厚度難以控制。圖1-7：電聚合方法示意圖ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>daSilva</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>112</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[73]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>112</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1616067236">112</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>daSilva,GilvaldoG.</author><author>Silva,CecíliaS.</author><author>Ribeiro,RogérioT.</author><author>Ronconi,CéliaM.</author><author>Barros,BráulioS.</author><author>Neves,JorgeL.</author><author>Júnior,SeverinoAlves</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Sonoelectrochemicalsynthesisofmetal-organicframeworks</title><secondary-title>SyntheticMetals</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>SyntheticMetals</full-title></periodical><pages>369-373</pages><volume>220</volume><keywords><keyword>HKUST-1</keyword><keyword>Cu-BTC</keyword><keyword>Sonoelectrochemical</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>2016/10/01/</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0379-6779</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/science/article/pii/S0379677916302272</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>/10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.07.003</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[73]Figure1-7.SchematicdiagramofelectropolymerizationmethodADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>daSilva</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>112</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[73]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>112</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1616067236">112</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>daSilva,GilvaldoG.</author><author>Silva,CecíliaS.</author><author>Ribeiro,RogérioT.</author><author>Ronconi,CéliaM.</author><author>Barros,BráulioS.</author><author>Neves,JorgeL.</author><author>Júnior,SeverinoAlves</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Sonoelectrochemicalsynthesisofmetal-organicframeworks</title><secondary-title>SyntheticMetals</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>SyntheticMetals</full-title></periodical><pages>369-373</pages><volume>220</volume><keywords><keyword>HKUST-1</keyword><keyword>Cu-BTC</keyword><keyword>Sonoelectrochemical</keyword></keywords><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>2016/10/01/</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>0379-6779</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/science/article/pii/S0379677916302272</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>/10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.07.003</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[73]圖1-8：材料結構與催化性能ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhao</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>76</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[72]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>76</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615999998">76</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhao,Shenlong</author><author>Wang,Yun</author><author>Dong,Juncai</author><author>He,Chun-Ting</author><author>Yin,Huajie</author><author>An,Pengfei</author><author>Zhao,Kun</author><author>Zhang,Xiaofei</author><author>Gao,Chao</author><author>Zhang,Lijuan</author><author>Lv,Jiawei</author><author>Wang,Jinxin</author><author>Zhang,Jianqi</author><author>Khattak,AbdulMuqsit</author><author>Khan,NiazAli</author><author>Wei,Zhixiang</author><author>Zhang,Jing</author><author>Liu,Shaoqin</author><author>Zhao,Huijun</author><author>Tang,Zhiyong</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Ultrathinmetal–organicframeworknanosheetsforelectrocatalyticoxygenevolution</title><secondary-title>NatureEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NatureEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>16184</pages><volume>1</volume><number>12</number><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>2016/11/28</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2058-7546</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1038/nenergy.2016.184</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/nenergy.2016.184</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[72]Figure1-8.MaterialstructureandcatalyticperformanceADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Zhao</Author><Year>2016</Year><RecNum>76</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[72]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>76</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615999998">76</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Zhao,Shenlong</author><author>Wang,Yun</author><author>Dong,Juncai</author><author>He,Chun-Ting</author><author>Yin,Huajie</author><author>An,Pengfei</author><author>Zhao,Kun</author><author>Zhang,Xiaofei</author><author>Gao,Chao</author><author>Zhang,Lijuan</author><author>Lv,Jiawei</author><author>Wang,Jinxin</author><author>Zhang,Jianqi</author><author>Khattak,AbdulMuqsit</author><author>Khan,NiazAli</author><author>Wei,Zhixiang</author><author>Zhang,Jing</author><author>Liu,Shaoqin</author><author>Zhao,Huijun</author><author>Tang,Zhiyong</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Ultrathinmetal–organicframeworknanosheetsforelectrocatalyticoxygenevolution</title><secondary-title>NatureEnergy</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NatureEnergy</full-title></periodical><pages>16184</pages><volume>1</volume><number>12</number><dates><year>2016</year><pub-dates><date>2016/11/28</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2058-7546</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1038/nenergy.2016.184</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/nenergy.2016.184</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[72]研究人員會通過配體和金屬節(jié)點的選擇設計，合成具有導電能力的聚合物，其中多金屬氧酸鹽金屬有機框架（PMOF）是一類導電聚合物，通過選擇多電子的金屬氧酸根團簇作為節(jié)點，選擇合適的配體，形成規(guī)整的有序的多孔結構，金屬氧酸根團簇作為電子供體，配體作為電子受體，實現材料內電子的傳輸，實現材料的導電。2018年，王毅榮ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[58]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615999381">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wang,Yi-Rong</author><author>Huang,Qing</author><author>He,Chun-Ting</author><author>Chen,Yifa</author><author>Liu,Jiang</author><author>Shen,Feng-Cui</author><author>Lan,Ya-Qian</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Orientedelectrontransmissioninpolyoxometalate-metalloporphyrinorganicframeworkforhighlyselectiveelectroreductionofCO2</title><secondary-title>NatureCommunications</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NatureCommunications</full-title></periodical><pages>4466</pages><volume>9</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>2018/10/26</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2041-1723</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1038/s41467-018-06938-z</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41467-018-06938-z</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[58]等將金屬多氧酸根團簇與卟啉合成規(guī)整有序的金屬多氧酸根團簇-卟啉框架，具有良好的導電能力，對CO2的還原具有很好的選擇催化作用。目前這類材料的研究已經有很多的成果，有很大的應用前景，材料結構和性能如圖1-9所示。圖1-9：材料結構與催化性能ADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[58]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615999381">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wang,Yi-Rong</author><author>Huang,Qing</author><author>He,Chun-Ting</author><author>Chen,Yifa</author><author>Liu,Jiang</author><author>Shen,Feng-Cui</author><author>Lan,Ya-Qian</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Orientedelectrontransmissioninpolyoxometalate-metalloporphyrinorganicframeworkforhighlyselectiveelectroreductionofCO2</title><secondary-title>NatureCommunications</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NatureCommunications</full-title></periodical><pages>4466</pages><volume>9</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>2018/10/26</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2041-1723</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1038/s41467-018-06938-z</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41467-018-06938-z</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[58]Figure1-9.MaterialstructureandcatalyticperformanceADDINEN.CITE<EndNote><Cite><Author>Wang</Author><Year>2018</Year><RecNum>70</RecNum><DisplayText><styleface="superscript">[58]</style></DisplayText><record><rec-number>70</rec-number><foreign-keys><keyapp="EN"db-id="xwr2asv2pdp5vdevpt5ptax9watwrtspeex0"timestamp="1615999381">70</key></foreign-keys><ref-typename="JournalArticle">17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author>Wang,Yi-Rong</author><author>Huang,Qing</author><author>He,Chun-Ting</author><author>Chen,Yifa</author><author>Liu,Jiang</author><author>Shen,Feng-Cui</author><author>Lan,Ya-Qian</author></authors></contributors><titles><title>Orientedelectrontransmissioninpolyoxometalate-metalloporphyrinorganicframeworkforhighlyselectiveelectroreductionofCO2</title><secondary-title>NatureCommunications</secondary-title></titles><periodical><full-title>NatureCommunications</full-title></periodical><pages>4466</pages><volume>9</volume><number>1</number><dates><year>2018</year><pub-dates><date>2018/10/26</date></pub-dates></dates><isbn>2041-1723</isbn><urls><related-urls><url>/10.1038/s41467-018-06938-z</url></related-urls></urls><electronic-resource-num>10.1038/s41467-018-06938-z</electronic-resource-num></record></Cite></EndNote>[58]同時也有研究者通過對一些常規(guī)材料進行改進，使原本不能導電或者導電性很差，需要高溫碳化才能用作電催化材料，能夠不用高溫碳化而具有良好的催化性能。2014年，Talin等人