七年級英語下冊知識點閃記同學(xué)們，七年級下冊的英語學(xué)習(xí)，就像為你們打開了一扇通往更廣闊世界的小窗。詞匯量在增加，語法點也更具挑戰(zhàn)性。這份“閃記”希望能像一把小巧的鑰匙，幫助你們快速回顧和鞏固本學(xué)期的核心知識點，讓學(xué)習(xí)更高效，記憶更輕松。核心詞匯篇詞匯是語言的基石，每天積累一點點，積少成多，聚沙成塔。*家庭成員與人際關(guān)系：熟練掌握father,mother,brother,sister,grandfather,grandmother,uncle,aunt,cousin等，并能描述他們的職業(yè)和特征（如tall,short,kind,young,old）。*學(xué)校生活與學(xué)習(xí)用品：牢記classroom,teacher,student,book,pen,pencil,ruler,bag,desk,chair,schoolbag,notebook,dictionary等，并能談?wù)搶W(xué)?？颇浚–hinese,Math,English,History,Geography,P.E.,Music,Art）和喜歡的科目（favoritesubject）。*時間、日期與季節(jié)：掌握星期（MondaytoSunday）、月份（JanuarytoDecember）、季節(jié)（spring,summer,autumn/fall,winter）的表達(dá)。學(xué)會詢問和回答時間（Whattimeisit?It's...）和日期（What'sthedatetoday?It's...）。*日?；顒优c愛好：能描述日常所做的事情（getup,eatbreakfast,gotoschool,haveclasses,playgames,watchTV,dohomework,gotobed），以及個人愛好（like,love,enjoy+doingsth./sth.），如reading,swimming,singing,dancing,playingbasketball/football/ping-pong。*食物與飲料：區(qū)分healthyfood和unhealthyfood，掌握常見食物名稱（rice,noodles,meat,fish,egg,vegetable,fruit,apple,banana,orange）和飲料（water,milk,juice,tea,coffee），并能表達(dá)喜好和點餐。*交通工具：了解bus,car,bike/bicycle,train,plane,ship,subway等，并能談?wù)撊绾稳ド蠈W(xué)（Howdoyougotoschool?Igotoschoolby.../onfoot.）。*天氣與環(huán)境：學(xué)會描述天氣（sunny,rainy,cloudy,windy,snowy,hot,warm,cool,cold），并能詢問天氣（What'stheweatherliketoday?/How'stheweathertoday?）。小貼士：詞匯記憶要結(jié)合音標(biāo)、詞性和例句，多運用，才能記得牢。關(guān)鍵語法篇語法是語言的骨架，幫助我們組織正確的句子。1.名詞的數(shù)*可數(shù)名詞：有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式。*規(guī)則變化：直接加-s(books,pens)；以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾加-es(buses,boxes,watches,dishes)；以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i加-es(families,babies)；以f/fe結(jié)尾，變f/fe為v加-es(knives,leaves)。*不規(guī)則變化：man-men,woman-women,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,mouse-mice,sheep-sheep,fish-fish(強調(diào)條數(shù)時)。*不可數(shù)名詞：沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如water,milk,rice,bread,meat,music,information。表示數(shù)量時需用“數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞”，如aglassofwater,twobowlsofrice。*名詞所有格：表示“……的”。*單數(shù)名詞后加's(Tom'sbook,theteacher'soffice)。*以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加'(thestudents'classroom)。*表示無生命事物的所有格常用of(thedooroftheroom)。2.代詞*人稱代詞：主格(I,you,he,she,it,we,you,they)作主語；賓格(me,you,him,her,it,us,you,them)作賓語或表語。*物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞(my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their)后接名詞；名詞性物主代詞(mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs)相當(dāng)于“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”。*反身代詞：myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves(常與by搭配，表示“獨自”)。3.Be動詞的用法*我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is連著他(he)、她(she)、它(it)。單數(shù)名詞用is，復(fù)數(shù)名詞全用are。*變否定，be后not加。變疑問，be提前，句末問號莫忘加。4.情態(tài)動詞can/may/must*can：表示“能，會，可以”。否定形式can't(cannot)。*Icanswim.Ican'tfly.Canyoudance?Yes,Ican./No,Ican't.*may：表示“可以，可能”，語氣比can更委婉。否定形式maynot。*must：表示“必須，一定”。否定形式mustn't(禁止，不允許)/needn't(不必)。*Youmuststudyhard.Youmustn'tplayontheroad.5.介詞*時間介詞：*in：用于年、月、季節(jié)、泛指的上午/下午/晚上(in2023,inJuly,insummer,inthemorning)。*on：用于具體某一天、星期幾、節(jié)日(onMonday,onJune1st,onChildren'sDay)。*at：用于具體時刻、正午/午夜(at7:00,atnoon,atnight)。*地點介詞：*in：在……里面(inthebox,intheclassroom)。*on：在……上面(onthedesk,onthewall)。*under：在……下面(underthechair)。*behind：在……后面(behindthedoor)。*nextto/beside：在……旁邊(nexttothewindow)。*infrontof：在……前面。*其他常用介詞：with(和……一起，用……工具),from(來自……),to(到……，向……),for(為了……，給……)。6.基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞*基數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)量(one,two,three...twenty,thirty...onehundred)。*序數(shù)詞：表示順序(first,second,third...tenth,twentieth,thirtieth...hundredth)。*序數(shù)詞前通常加定冠詞the。7.時態(tài)初探：一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時*一般現(xiàn)在時：*表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)。*標(biāo)志詞：often,usually,always,sometimes,never,everyday/week...*結(jié)構(gòu)：*主語+be動詞(am/is/are)+...*主語+實義動詞原形/第三人稱單數(shù)形式+...*當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，實義動詞后加-s或-es(works,watches,goes,does)。*否定句和疑問句要借助助動詞do/does。*現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：*表示此時此刻正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作。*標(biāo)志詞：now,look,listen。*結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be動詞(am/is/are)+動詞-ing形式+...*動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成：直接加-ing(playing)；去e加-ing(making)；雙寫末尾輔音字母加-ing(running,swimming)。8.形容詞與副詞*形容詞：修飾名詞，作定語或表語(aredapple,Sheishappy)。*副詞：修飾動詞、形容詞或其他副詞，通常表示動作發(fā)生的方式、程度等(runfast,verygood,studyhard)。*形容詞比較級：*規(guī)則變化：直接加-er(tall-taller)；以e結(jié)尾加-r(nice-nicer)；以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i加-er(happy-happier)；重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫末尾輔音字母加-er(big-bigger,hot-hotter)。*不規(guī)則變化：good/well-better,bad/ill-worse,many/much-more,little-less,far-farther/further。*結(jié)構(gòu)：A+be動詞+形容詞比較級+than+B.(TomistallerthanMike.)重要句型篇掌握這些核心句型，能讓你更自信地開口說英語。*問候與告別：Hello!/Hi!Goodmorning/afternoon/evening!Howareyou?I'mfine,thankyou.Andyou?Goodbye!/Bye!*介紹與談?wù)撊耍篢hisis...What'shis/hername?His/Hernameis...Howoldishe/she?He/Sheis...yearsold.*詢問物品與位置：What'sthis/thatinEnglish?It'sa/an...Whatarethese/those?Theyare...Whereis...?It'sin/on/under...Whereare...?Theyarein/on/under...*談?wù)撓埠门c厭惡：Doyoulike...?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.What'syourfavorite...?Myfavorite...is...Ilike...(verymuch).Idon'tlike...*提出請求與提供幫助：CanIhave...?Canyouhelpme?Sure./Ofcourse./Noproblem.*談?wù)撎鞖猓篧hat'stheweatherliketoday?It'ssunny/rainy/cloudy/windy/snowy.*談?wù)撜谧龅氖虑椋篧hatareyoudoing?Iam(verb)-ing...Whatishe/she/itdoing?He/She/Itis(verb)-ing...聽說讀寫小貼士*聽力：多聽課文錄音、英文