2026年專業(yè)翻譯資格證書考試中英翻譯實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)題一、英譯漢（共5題，每題10分，總分50分）1.文化與旅游領(lǐng)域題目：TheForbiddenCity,oncetheimperialpalacefor24emperorsoftheMingandQingdynasties,isnowaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite.Itattractsmillionsofvisitorsannually,offeringaglimpseintoChina'srichhistoryandarchitecturalgrandeur.Thepalacecomplex,spanning720,000squaremeters,features9,999rooms,symbolizingthesupremepoweroftheemperors.答案：故宮曾是明清兩代24位皇帝的皇宮，現(xiàn)已成為聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界文化遺產(chǎn)。每年吸引數(shù)百萬游客，展現(xiàn)了中國悠久的歷史和建筑雄偉。宮殿占地72萬平方米，擁有9999間房屋，象征著皇帝至高無上的權(quán)力。解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)了原文的歷史文化信息和數(shù)據(jù)，采用符合中文表達(dá)習(xí)慣的句式，如“曾是……皇宮”“現(xiàn)已成為”“展現(xiàn)”等，避免直譯帶來的生硬感。文化專有名詞“故宮”“聯(lián)合國教科文組織”等直接對(duì)應(yīng)，確保專業(yè)性。2.科技與創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域題目：Artificialintelligence(AI)hasrevolutionizedindustriesbyautomatingtasksandenhancingdecision-making.However,ethicalconcerns,suchasdataprivacyandjobdisplacement,remainprominent.GovernmentsandtechcompaniesmustcollaboratetoestablishrobustregulationstoensureAIbenefitssocietysustainably.答案：人工智能（AI）通過自動(dòng)化任務(wù)和提升決策能力，推動(dòng)各行業(yè)變革。但數(shù)據(jù)隱私和就業(yè)沖擊等倫理問題仍需重視。政府與科技公司需協(xié)同制定健全的法規(guī)，確保AI可持續(xù)發(fā)展。解析：譯文采用簡潔的短句結(jié)構(gòu)，符合中文科技文本的簡潔性要求?！白詣?dòng)化任務(wù)”“提升決策能力”“倫理問題”“協(xié)同制定”等術(shù)語準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng)原文，避免冗余表達(dá)。3.經(jīng)濟(jì)與貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域題目：China'sBeltandRoadInitiative(BRI)hasfacilitatedglobaltradeandinfrastructuredevelopment,fosteringeconomiccooperationamongparticipatingnations.CriticsarguethattheBRImayleadtodebtsustainabilityissuesforsomecountries.BalancinggrowthwithresponsibilityremainsakeychallengeforBeijing.答案：中國的“一帶一路”倡議促進(jìn)全球貿(mào)易與基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推動(dòng)參與國經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。批評(píng)者認(rèn)為該倡議可能引發(fā)部分國家債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。平衡發(fā)展與責(zé)任，仍是北京面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確處理專有名詞“一帶一路”倡議，采用“促進(jìn)”“推動(dòng)”“引發(fā)”“平衡”等動(dòng)詞，使行文流暢?！皞鶆?wù)可持續(xù)性”“發(fā)展責(zé)任”等表述符合中文經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的術(shù)語習(xí)慣。4.國際關(guān)系領(lǐng)域題目：TheUS-Chinatradewarhasstrainedbilateralrelations,affectingglobalsupplychainsandeconomicstability.Bothnationsmustseekwin-winsolutionsthroughdialoguetomitigatetensions.Theroleofmultilateralinstitutions,suchastheWTO,iscrucialinmediatingdisputes.答案：中美貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)加劇雙邊關(guān)系緊張，影響全球供應(yīng)鏈與經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定。兩國需通過對(duì)話尋求互利解法，緩解矛盾。世界貿(mào)易組織等多邊機(jī)構(gòu)在調(diào)解爭端中作用關(guān)鍵。解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)原文的沖突與解決方案邏輯，使用“加劇”“緩解”“調(diào)解”等動(dòng)詞，符合國際關(guān)系文本的正式性?！皐in-winsolutions”“multilateralinstitutions”等術(shù)語采用通用譯法，避免歧義。5.環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)域題目：Climatechangeposesseverethreatstoecosystems,includingrisingsealevelsandextremeweatherevents.Renewableenergyadoptionmustacceleratetomeetglobalcarbonneutralitygoals.Internationalcooperationisessentialtocombatthisglobalcrisis.答案：氣候變化對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，表現(xiàn)為海平面上升和極端天氣頻發(fā)。加速可再生能源轉(zhuǎn)型，是達(dá)成全球碳中和目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵。國際協(xié)作對(duì)應(yīng)對(duì)全球危機(jī)至關(guān)重要。解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確翻譯“carbonneutrality”“extremeweatherevents”等術(shù)語，使用“表現(xiàn)為”“加速”“協(xié)作”等動(dòng)詞，符合中文環(huán)境文本的表達(dá)習(xí)慣。二、漢譯英（共5題，每題10分，總分50分）1.文化與旅游領(lǐng)域題目：兵馬俑是秦始皇陵的陪葬坑，被譽(yù)為“世界第八大奇跡”，展現(xiàn)了秦朝強(qiáng)大的軍事力量和精湛的工藝水平。每個(gè)陶俑的面部表情和服裝細(xì)節(jié)都獨(dú)一無二，反映了古代工匠的非凡創(chuàng)造力。答案：TheTerracottaArmy,a陪葬坑partofEmperorQinShiHuang'smausoleum,ishailedasthe"EighthWonderoftheWorld,"showcasingthemightoftheQinDynasty'smilitarypowerandexquisitecraftsmanship.Eachwarriorstatuefeaturesuniquefacialexpressionsandclothingdetails,reflectingtheextraordinarycreativityofancientartisans.解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確處理專有名詞“兵馬俑”“秦始皇陵”，使用“hailedas”“showcasing”“reflecting”等連接詞，使行文連貫。文化概念“陪葬坑”“工匠”采用符合英文習(xí)慣的表述。2.科技與創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域題目：5Gtechnologyhasenabledfasterinternetspeedsandreal-timedatatransmission,revolutionizingtelecommunications.However,itsdeploymentraisesconcernsaboutcybersecurityandenergyconsumption.Expertscallforstricteroversighttoensure5Gnetworksaresecureandsustainable.答案：5Gtechnologyenablesfasterinternetspeedsandreal-timedatatransmission,transformingtelecommunications.Yetitsdeploymentraisesissuesofcybersecurityandenergyconsumption.Expertsadvocateforstricterregulationtoguaranteesecureandsustainable5Gnetworks.解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確翻譯“real-timedatatransmission”“cybersecurity”“sustainable”等術(shù)語，使用“transforming”“advocatefor”“guarantee”等動(dòng)詞，符合英文科技文本的正式性。3.經(jīng)濟(jì)與貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域題目：中國制造業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，推動(dòng)了全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的重組。高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，為經(jīng)濟(jì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展注入新動(dòng)能。政府鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)新，以提升國際競爭力。答案：ThetransformationandupgradingofChina'smanufacturingsectorhavereshapedglobalsupplychains.High-techindustriesarethriving,injectingnewmomentumintohigh-qualityeconomicdevelopment.Thegovernmentencouragesinnovationtoenhanceinternationalcompetitiveness.解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確翻譯“轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)”“產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈重組”“高質(zhì)量發(fā)展”等經(jīng)濟(jì)術(shù)語，使用“reshaped”“thriving”“injecting”等動(dòng)詞，符合英文經(jīng)濟(jì)文本的動(dòng)態(tài)表達(dá)。4.國際關(guān)系領(lǐng)域題目：中歐全面投資協(xié)定（RCEP）的簽署，標(biāo)志著區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化邁入新階段。協(xié)定將促進(jìn)貿(mào)易便利化，但也可能引發(fā)產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭加劇。各國需平衡合作與競爭關(guān)系。答案：ThesigningoftheRegionalComprehensiveEconomicPartnership(RCEP)marksanewphaseinregionaleconomicintegration.Theagreementwillfacilitatetrade便利化butmayintensifyindustrialcompetition.Nationsmustbalancecooperationwithrivalry.解析：譯文準(zhǔn)確翻譯“RCEP”“貿(mào)易便利化”“產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭”等術(shù)語，使用“facilitate”“intensify”“balance”等動(dòng)詞，符合英文國際關(guān)系文本的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。5.環(huán)境保護(hù)領(lǐng)域題目：中國政府承諾2060年前實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和，并加大可再生能源投入。植樹造林和節(jié)能減排措施有助于改善空氣質(zhì)量，保護(hù)生物多樣性。國際合作對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)全球氣候目標(biāo)至關(guān)重要。答案：Chinahaspledgedtoachievecarbonneutralityby2060andhasincreasedinvestmentinrenewableenergy.Afforestationandenergyconservationmeasureshelpimproveairqualityandprotectbiodiversity.Internationalcooperationis