大學英語四級模擬試卷976

一、作文（本題共7題，每題7.0分，共7分。）

1、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteALetterofApplication.You

shouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.所修

專業(yè)、學習成績2.英語水平3.能力及業(yè)余愛好ALetterofApplication

標準答案：ALetterofApplicationDearSir/Madam,MynameisLiMing,Iamwriting

toyoutoinquire,whetherthereisanopeninginyourcompany.Ihavenowcompletedall

thecoursesrequiredforastudentmajoringincomputer.

知識點解析：暫無解析

二、快速閱讀理解（本題共10題，每題1.0分，共10

分。）

HowShouldYouBuildupYourVocabularyExactlywhatdoyoudoduringanormal

day?Howdoyouspendyourtime?PaulT.Rankinverymuchwantedananswertothat

question.Togetit,heaskedsixty-eightindividualstokeepanaccurate,detailedrecordof

whattheydideveryminuteoftheirwakinghours.Whenheconsolidated（鞏固）his

findings,hediscoveredthattheaverageindividualspent70percentofhiswakingtime

doingonethingonly-communication.Thatmeanteitherreading,writing,speakingor

listening.PutthatevidencealongsideoftheresearchfindingsuncoveredbytheHuman

EngineeringLaboratories.Inexploringaptitudesandcareersinvolving,amongother

things,datafrom30,000vocabularytestsgivenyearly,theydiscoveredthatbigincomes

andbigvocabulariesgotogether.Vocabulary,morethananyotherfactoryetknown,

predictsfinancialsuccess.Anditallfits.Eachwordyouaddtoyourvocabularymakes

youabetterreader,writer,speakerandlistener.Furthermore,linguisticscientistsare

quicktopointoutthatweactuallythinkwithwords.Ifthatisso,newwordsmakeus

betterthinkersaswellascommunicators.Nowondermorewordsarelikelytomean

moremoney.Whatbetterreasonforbeginningrightnowtoextendyourvocabulary?

Takereading.Whatexactlydoyouread?Commonsensesaysyoureadwords.Research

confirmsthatfact."Vocabularyincontext"contributes39percenttocomprehension.

That'smorethananyotherfactorisolatedandstudicd-cvcnmorethanintelligence.And

"worddiscrimination"contributesmoretospeedofreadingthananyotherfactor-28

percent.Inshort,youreffortstoimprovevocabularywillpayoffinbothcomprehension

andspeed.Suppose,asyou'rereadingalong,youlumtebsacrossastrangeword.Didyou

findyourselfstoppingforacloserlookatlumtebs?Pardonthespellingslip.That's

actuallythewordstumble（偶然發(fā)現）.Theletterjustgotmixedaround.Obviouslyyou

nowknowthatstrangewordsdoslowyoudown—orevenstopyoucompletely.

Furthermore,strangewordshinder（妨礙）comprehension.Whichiseasiertounderstand,

"eschewgarrulity"or"avoidingtalkingtoomuch'1?Whatyouneedisavital,dynamic

approachtovocabularybuilding.Hybrid（混合種）corncombinesthebestqualitiesof

severalvarietiestoensuremaximumproductivity.Ahybridapproachtovocabulary

should,inthesameway,ensuremaximumresults.ThafswhyyoushouldusetheCPD

formula.ThroughContextWhenstudentsinacollegeclasswereaskedwhatshouldbe

donewhentheycameacrossanunknownwordintheirreading,84percentsaid,"Lookit

upinfiledictionary."Ifyoudo,however,youshort-circuittheverymentalprocesses

neededtomakeyoureffortsmostproductive.Buithere'sanotherreason.Suppose

someoneasksyouwhatthewordfastmeans.Youanswer,"speedyorswift".Butdoesit

meanthatinsuchcontextsas"fastcolor","fastwoman",or"fastfriend'1?Andifahorse

isfast,isitsecurelytiedorgalloping（飛馳）attopspeed?Itcouldbeeither.Itall

depends.Onthedictionary?No,oncontext-onhowthewordisactuallyused.Afterall,

thereareovertwentydifferentmeaningsforfastinthedictionary.Butthedictionary

doesn'ttellyouwhichmeaningisintended.That*swhyitmakessuchgoodsenseto

beginwithcontext.ThroughWordPartsNowforthenextstep.Oftenunfamiliarwords

containoneormoreparts,which,ifrecognized,providedefinitehelpwithmeaning.

Supposeyoureadthatsomeone"hadapredilectionforreadingmysteries'1.Thecontext

certainlyisn'ttoohelpful.Butdoyouseeaprefix,suffixorrootthatyouknow?Well,

there*sthefamiliarprefixpre-,meaning"before'.Lookbackatthecontextandtry

inserting"before".Readingmysteriesapparentlycomes"before"otherkindsofreading.

Yes,apredilection-orpreferenceissomethingput"before"somethingelse.Ortakethe

wordmonolithic.Trytoisolatetheparts.Thereistheprefixmono-,meaning"one",and

therootlith,meaning"stone".Finally,there'sthesuffix-ic,meaning"consistingof.

Thosethreepartsadduptothisdefinition:"consistingofonestone".Tospeedupyour

useofwordparts,youwillbeintroducedtothefourteenmostimportantwordsinthe

Englishlanguage.Theprefixandrootelementsinthosefewwordsarcfoundinover

14,000wordsofdeskdictionarysize.Withthoseamazinglyusefulshortcuts,youcan

buildvocabulary,notasnail'space,onewordatatime,butingiantstrides,uptoathou

sandwordsatatime.Yoursecondstep,then,istolookforfamiliarwordparts.Iftheydo

notgiveyouexaclnieanings,theyshouldalleastbringyoumuchcloser.Throughthe

DictionaryNowyoucanseewhyyoushouldconsultthedictionarylast,notfirst.You've

lookedcarefullyatthecontext.You'velookedforfamiliarwordparts.Nowyouplay

SherlockHolmesanexcitingrole.Youhypothesize.Inlightofcontextorwordparts,you

trytosolveamystery.Whatexactlydoesthatstrangewordmean?Onlyafteryougo

throughthementalgymnasticstocomeupwithatentativedefinitionshouldyouopenthe

dictionarytoseeifyou'reright.Afterall,thosefirsttwostepsorapproachessparka

strongerthanusualinterestinthatdictionarydefinition.You'renowpersonallyinvolved.

Didyoufigureoutthewordmeaning?Yourheightenedinterestwillleadtoabetter

memoryofbothwordandmeaning.Italsoencouragesyourdevelopmentofthehabits

neededtoaccelerateyourprogress.Andwhenyouseeinblackandwhitethedefinition

youhadexpected,whatafeelingofaccomplishmentisyours.Inthatway,theCPD

Formulaprovidestheexactdynamicinterplayofapproachesfbrmaximumeffectiveness.

Well,thereitis,yournewformulaContext,Parts,Dictionary.Useit!Theexercisesthat

followwillgiveyouspecific,step-by-stephelpinsharpeningyourawarenessof

contextualclues,learningthemostusefulwordparts,andusingthedictionarywith

increasedaccuracyandease.Theresultswillbelikethemoneyinthebank.

2、Thispassageismeanttoteachreadershowtoenlargetheirvocabulariesbymeansof

theCPDFormula.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：綜合文章的三個小標題可知本文是教讀者如何使用theCPDformula

來擴大詞匯量的。答案為［Y］。

3、PaulT.Rankinfoundthattheaverageindividualspentmostofhiswakingtime

reading,writing,speakingorlistening.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：這是關于PaulT.Rankin對人如何使用時間的研究發(fā)現的表述，故可

定位于第一段。根據第一段最后兩句可判斷本題為［Y］。

4、TheresearchfindingsoftheHumanEngineeringLaboratoriesshowedthatincomes

andvocabulariesarecloselyrelated.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：這是關于HumanEngineeringLaboralories的發(fā)現的表述，故可定位于

第二段。根據第二段第二句的后半部分theydiscoveredthatbigincomesandbig

vocabulariesgotogether可判斷本題為［Y］。

5、Intelligenceisthemostimportantfactorinreadingcomprehension.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析：這是對閱讀中影響因素的表述，可定位于第四段。根據第四段第五、

六句可知，vocabulary對閱讀的影響要大于inlelligence,可判斷本題為［N］。

6、Moststudentswillconsultthedictionarywhentheyencounteranewword,whichis

ofgreathelptothem.

A、Y

B、N

C>NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析：這是關于閱讀時查字典的表述，故可定位于ThroughtheDictionary這

一部分，根據其第一句話可判斷本題為［N］。

7、Throughwordparts,youcanbuildyouvocabularyuptoathousandwordsatatime.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：A

知識點解析：這是關于wordparts的表述，故可定位于ThroughWordParts這一部

分。根據ThroughWordParts這個小標題卜的第三段最后一句"Withthoseamazingly

usefulshortcuts,youCallbuildvocabulary,notasnail'space,onewordatatime,

butingiantstrides,uptoathousandwordsatatime.”可判斷本題為［Y］。

8、Readersshouldconsultthedictionarylastbutnotfirstbecauseitcoststoomuchtime.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

標準答案：B

知識點解析：這是關于閱讀時查字典的表述，故町定位于ThroughtheDictionary這

一部分。根據ThroughtheDictionary這個小標題下的內容可知其原因不是時間而問

題，故本題答案為［N］。

9、Ifonehasalargervocabulary,heorshewillbeabetterthinkerandabetter.

標準答案：communicators

知識點解析：這是對詞匯量大的好處的描述，故可定位于第三段。根據第三段第四

句Ifthatisso,newwordsmakeusbetterthinkersaswellascommunicators可知本題

答案。

10、JustlikeHybridcorn,theCPDformulashouldalsoensure.

標準答案：maximumresults

知識點解析：這是勺擴大詞匯量的一種綜合方法的總體表述，可定位于文章前面部

分。根據第六段第三句Ahybridapproachtovocabularyshould,inthesameway,

ensuremaximumresults可知本題答案。

11、Byusingcontextandwordparts,readers5heightenedinterestwillleadto.

標準答案：abettermemoryofbothwordandmeaning

知識點解析；題干既含wordparts又含contexts,因此不可能在這兩部分找到，只

可能在文章的整體介紹部分成ThroughtheDictionary這一部分中介紹什么時候使用

這種方法的時候才會出現。根據ThroughtheDictionary這個小標題下的第二段第四

句Yourheightenedinterestwillleadtoabettermemoryofbothwordandmeaning可知

本題答案。

三、聽力短對話（本題共8題，每題1.0分，共8分0）

12、

A、Themanandwomanstudythesamecourse.

B、Jimlivesnearertotheuniversitythantheman.

C>ThemanlivesnearertotheuniversitythanJim.

D^Themanandwomanlivetogether.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：M:I'mgoingtoseeJim.Weneedtodiscusstoday'slecture.W:Helives

faraway.Nexttimeyoushouldbothgotoyourplaceafteralecture.Q:Whichofthe

followingiscertainlytrue?

13、

Thebank.

B、Thecarpark.

C、Thelake.

D、Theoffice.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：M:Excuseme,couldyoutellmehowIfindBauhausPlaza?W:Bauhaus

Plaza...hmmm...yes,sure.It'soverbythelakeontheothersideofthispark.Q:Where

isBauhausPlazanearto?

14、

A、112.

B、117.

C>132.

D、123.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：W:Hithem.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldhelpme.I'mtryingtogetto

MarbleGardens.DoyouknowwhichbusIshouldtake?M:Yes,ofcourse.Youshould

takebus123andchangetobus112atHomesStreet.Q:Whichbusshouldshetakefirst?

15、

A^Alongtime,it'saquietarea.

B>Notlong,it?sabusyarea.

C^5minutes.

D^30minutesorso.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：W:WillIhavetowaitlongforabus?M:Notatall!The333comespast

thereallthetime.It'saverybusyarea.Q:Howlongwillthewomanhavetowait?

16、

A、Shethinksshehasbrokenherarm.

B、Shehasanupsetstomach.

C^Shethinksshehasbrokenherleg.

D、Shehasabadcold.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：M:OK.Everyonetakesascatoverthereandyoucanseeadoctorwhen

it'syourturn.IfthedoctorthinksthatitcouldbebrokenthenhewillsendyouovertoX-

ray.W:HowlongwillIhavetowait?Myleghurts!Tminpain!Q:Whatiswrongwith

thewoman?

17、

A、Becauseshehasnothingelsetodothatevening.

B、Becauseshelikestheman.

C、Becauseshehasoncereadabookwrittenbytheman.

D、Becausesheisinterestedinthetopicofthelecture.

標準答案：D

知識點解析:M:Areyougoingtolistentotheguestspeakerthisevening?W:I

certainlyam.He'sspeakingonatopicclosetomyheart.Q:Whyisthewomangoingto

listentotheguestspeaker?

18、

A、Arestaurant.

B、Abar.

C、Alibrary.

D、Aclassroom.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：M:Thatwasagreatdinner,I'mreallyfull!W:Yes,metoo.Shallweget

thebill?Q:Whatistheprobableplaceofthisconversation?

19、

A、Themenu.

B、Thebill.

C^Thewinelist.

D、Thespecialfoodoftheday.

標準答案：D

知識點解析:W:Iwonderwhatthedailyspecialsarc.M:Ididn'tseeaspecialsboard,

solet'saskthewaiter.Excuseme,waiter,whatarcthespecialstoday?Q:Whatarcthey

askingfor?

四、聽力長對話（含3小題）（本題共3題，每題7.0

分，共3分。）

20、

A^Apoet.

B、Anovel.

C、Thephysicstest.

D^Theoralpresentation.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

21、

A、logooutforexercise.

Togooutforshopping.

C^TogotothelibrarytoborrowabookonWilliamCarlosWilliams.

D、Tohelpthewomanwithheroralpresentation.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

22、

A、Intheclassroom.

B、Inthedinninghall.

C、Inthewoman'sroom.

D、Intheman'sroom.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

五、聽力長對話（含4小題）（本題共4題，每題7.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、ThegirPsfather

Thegirfsteacher.

C、ThegirPsfriend.

D、Aninterviewer.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

24、

A、Separatingdifferenttypesofgarbage.

B>Disposingoftrashproperly.

C>Havingafamilyclean-upparty.

D、Placingmoretrashcansonthestreets.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

25、

A、Savemoney.

B、Cutdownonwaste.

C、Protecttheforests.

D、Keeptheenvironmentclean.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

26、

A、Visitarecyclingcenter.

Cleananeighbourhoodpark.

C、Collectnewspapers.

D、Meetherfriendsinherneighbourhood.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

六、聽力短文（含3小題）（本題共6題，每題7.0

分，共6分。）

27>

A、Gatheringnon-relevantmaterials.

B、Stealinganotherperson'sidea.

C、Sharingnoteswithsomeoneelse.

D、Handinginassignmentslate.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：Whatdoesthespeakerwarnthestudentsagainstdoing?

28、

A、Inthestudent^ownwords.

B>Indirectquotations.

C^Inshortphrases.

D、Inshorthand.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：Accordingtothespeaker,howshouldmostofthenotesbetaken?

29、

A、Itshouldbeassimilatedthoroughly.

B、Itshouldbeenclosedinquotationmarks.

C、Itshouldbeparaphrasedbythestudent.

D、Itshouldbeauthorizedbytheauthor.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：Whatdoesthespeakersayadirectquotationshouldbeused?

30、

A、Crimescommittedbyyoungpeople.

B、Crimescommittedbyneedypeople.

C、Influenceonyoungpeople.

D、Stealingandviolence.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

31、

A、Theyarcusuallypoorandinneed.

B、Theydonothaveasmuchfreedomormoneyastheywant.

C^Theyliveinanenvironmentwhereeverybodyknowseachother.

D^Theyarcnotsatisfiedwiththeadultworld.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：暫無解析

32、

A、Thefamilyandtheschool.

B、Theadultsandthemassmedia.

C、Thesocietyandtheyoungpeople.

D、Theyoungpeoplethemselves.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

七、聽力短文（含4小題）（本題共［題，每題7.0

分，共［分。）

33、

A、shortageofdays.

B、superstition.

C、inabilitytodividetheyear.

D、toomanymonths.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：此題考查對所聽內容的理解能力。題干中的“encounter”意為“遭遇”與

“complicaled”意為“使...復雜”，有語意上的重疊關系。

八、聽力復合式聽寫（本題共〃題，每題7.0分，共

“分。）

Moreandmoreforeignstudentsexperiencetheirindependentlifeinthequesttogaina

westerneducation.Theyaresurroundedbyan[Bl]culture,environmentand

socialnorms,whilebeingawayfromfamilyandfriends.Whatwould[B2]

overseasstudentsdointheirpreparationstostudyoverseas?Gettoknowyour

newhomebeforeyoulandinit.Thereisno[B3]forgoodpreparation.Ann

yourselfwithbackgroundknowledgeby[B4]informationaboutthecountry

youaregoingto.Learningaboutthehistory,culture,tradition,languageandeven[B5]

suchasfood,music,transport,weatherandsocialactivitiesofyournewhost

countryareall[B6].ThankstotheInternet,mostofthiscanbefoundatthe

[B7]ofabutton.Attitudeiseverything.Don't[B8]thepowerofthe

mindindetermininghoweventsturnout.Decidehowtoapproachanysituation,before

youareplacedinit.Forexample,[B9]Packusingyourheadandyourheart.

Itsnoteasybeingpracticalwhendecidingwhattopack.Whateveryoubring,[BIO]

.Thisincludespracticalitemssuchasstudymaterials,oldclassnotes,favorite

textbooksorpensandeventhecontactdetailsofpreviousteachers.[Bill.

34、[Bl]

標準答案：unfamiliar

知識點解析：此空位于名詞cullure之前，應該填入一個形容詞。unfamiliar意為

“不熟悉的，生疏的”。

35、[B2]

標準答案：prospective

知識點解析：止[空位于名詞短語overseasstudents之前，應該填入形容詞。

prospective意為“未來的

36、[B3]

標準答案：substitute

知識點解析：此空位于否定詞no之后，應該填入名詞。substitute意為“代替者”。

37、[B4]

標準答案：researching

知識點解析：此空位于介詞by之后，名詞informalion之前，應該填入動詞的現在

分詞。research意為"研究”。

38、[B5]

標準答案：details

知識點解析：此空和language并列，應該填入一個名詞。deiail意為“明細”。

39、[B6]

標準答案：essential

知識點解析：此空位于系動詞are之后，應該填入一個形容詞作表語。essen-tial意

為“必不可少的”。

40、[B7]

標準答案：click

知識點解析：此空位于介詞詞組之中，應該填入一個名詞。click意為“點擊”。

41、[B8]

標準答案；underestimate

知識點解析：此空位于名詞之前，應該填入動詞。underestimate意為“低估”。

42、[B9]

標準答案：apositiveattitudetowardyournewhomeandhostswillbringpositive

results

知識點解析：positiveattitude,hosts

43、[BIO]

標準答案：makesurethatwillbesomethingthatyouthinkmighthelpyourchancesof

succeeding

知識點解析：makesure,succeeding

44、[Bill

標準答案：Itemssuchasanalbumwithphotographsoffamilycanhelpyoufeelcloser

tohome

知識點解析：album,photographs

九、閱讀（選詞填空）（本題共70題，每題7.0分，共

10分。）

With950millionpeople,IndiarankssecondtoChinaamongthemostpopulous（人口多

的）countries.ButsinceChinalaunchedafamilyplanningprogramin1971,Indiahas

been[SI]thegap.Indianshavereducedtheirbirthratebutnotnearlyasmuch

astheChinesehave.Ifcurrentgrowthratescontinue,India'spopulationWill[S2]

China'saroundtheyear2028atabout1.7billion.Shouldthathappen,itwon'tbe

the[S3]oftheenlightenedwomenofKerala,astateinsouthernIndia.While

Indiaasawholeaddsalmost20millionpeopleayear,Kerala'spopulationisvirtually

[S4].Thereasonisno[S5]:nearlytwothirdsofKeralawomen

practicebirthcontrol,comparedwithabout40%intheentirenation.Thedifferencelies

intheemphasisputonhealthprograms,includingbirthcontrol,bythestateauthorities.

Andaneducationaltraditionandmatrilineal（母系的）customsinpartsofKeralahelpgirls

andboysget[S6]goodschooling.WhileoneinthreeIndianwomenis[S7]

,90%ofthoseinKeralacanreadandwrite.Higherliteracyrates[S8]

familyplanning."Unlikeourparents,weknowthatwecandomoreforour

childrenifwehavefewerofthem/'saysLeilaCherian.33,wholivesinthevillageof

Kudamaloor.Shehaslimitedherselftothreechildren——onebelowthe[S9]

averageoffour.Thatkindofrestraint（抑制；克制）willkeepKeralafromputting

added[S10]onworldfoodsupplies.[A]stable[F]flexible[K]foster[B]

widening[G]closing[L]mystery[C]educated[H]exceed[M]national[D]pressure[I]

equally[N]advocate[E]fault[J]general[O]officially

45、[SI]

標準答案:G

知識點解析?：開篇句指出中國人口最多，印度次之，隱含的意思是兩國之間有差

距；空格所在句中But語義轉折，指出中國于1971年開始實行計劃生育，導致的

結果肯定是中國人口增加速度在減慢，這樣印度就在縮小與中國人口之間的差距，

故選[G]closing“縮小”而不是Bwidening。本題同時提醒大家注意dose/widen與

gap的搭配關系，可以與g叩搭配的動詞還有narrow,bridge等。

46、[S2]

標準答案：H

知識點解析：本空需要填入一個及物動詞。聯系上文，第一段一直在將印度人口與

中國人口數量做比較，上一句已經指出，印度對人口出生率雖有控制，但不如中國

那么有成效。木句假設的情況是“如果按現在的人口出生率繼續(xù)增長下去“，推測導

致的結果可能就是印度的人口會在2028年超過中國，故選[H]exceed“超過”。

47、[S3]

標準答案：E

知識點解析：本題需要與50題聯系起來解答，同時從語篇角度分析。本段轉入對

Kerala州人口增長狀況與全國人口增長狀況的比較。聯系下文可看出，此州的人口

狀況比全國的人口增長穩(wěn)定，因此空銘所在句說明，即使印度的人口再飛速增長，

也不是因為這個州婦女口勺過錯，因為該州人口增長并不快，故選[E]。

48、[S4]

標準答案：A

知識點解析：注意空格所在句的句間關系，while提示主從句之間進行對照，從句

用數字（20millionpeopleayear）說明印度全國人口增長速度過快，那么對照而言，

Kerala人口的增長應該是相對穩(wěn)定,即選Astable,排除[F]flexible。

49、[S5]

標準答案：L

知識點解析：冒號后的句子是對Thereason（即Kenda人口相對穩(wěn)定的原因）的說

明，既然已經明確指出，那說明此原因就是公開的，而不是神秘的，所以選[L]

mystery"神秘"，nomystery相當于notmysteriouso

50、[S6]

標準答案：I

知識點解析：本空需要二真入一個副詞，equally與officially均可以入選，但從語義

上分析?，但根據句內隱含的因果關系，既然Kerala州有教育的傳統(tǒng)和母系氏族的

習俗，就不難判斷出，此州的女孩能得到和男孩同樣好的教育，所以選equally"相

等的，平等的“，排除officially"官方地，正式地”。

51、[S7]

標準答案：C

知識點解析：本句比較的是Kerala州與整個印度婦女的教育狀況，所填詞與后面

的readandwnte表達的意思相同，表示受教育的，所以選Ceducated。

52、[S8]

標準答案：K

知識點解析：本題考查詞語的搭配關系，所填詞的主語是higheMitcracyrates,賓

語是familyplanning,更高的文化水平自然有助于進行人口控制，所以選foster”培

養(yǎng)，鼓勵干擾項[N]advocate"提倡，鼓吹”與主觀性名詞搭配，即多以人作為主

語，而不能是要句中的higherliteracyrateso

53、[S9]

標準答案：M

知識點解析：選此題時不要脫離語境，既然是Kerala州人口與全國人口的對比，

因此應該填入|M|national而不是general0

54、[S10]

標準答案：D

知識點解析：本題考醒詞語的搭配關系，填入的名詞用于add...on結構，故選

pressure,這種克制（即計劃生育）將使得Kerala不會對世界食品供應再施加壓力。

十、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）（本題共10題，每題1.0

分,共10分。）

Judgingfromrecentsurveys,mostexpertsinsleepbehaviouragreethatthereisvirtually

anepidemicofsleepinessinthenation.can'tthinkofasinglestudythathasn'tfound

Americansgettinglesssleepthantheyoughtto,"saysDr.David.Evenpeoplewhothink

theyaresleepingenoughwouldprobablybebetteroffwithmorerest.Thebeginningof

ourslccp-dcflcitcrisescanbetracedtotheinventionofthelightbulbacenturyago.

Fromdiaryentriesandotherpersonalaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturies,sleep

scientistshavereachedtheconclusionthattheaveragepersonusedtosleepabout9.5

hoursanight."Thebestsleephabitsoncewereforcedonus,whenwehadnothingtodo

intheeveningdownonthefarm,anditwasdark.**Bythe1950sand1960s,thesleep

schedulehadbeenreduceddramatically,tobetween7.5andeighthours,andmostpeople

hadtowaketoanalarmclock."Peoplecheatintheirsleep,andtheydon'tevenrealize

they'redoingit,"saysDr.David."Theythinkthey'reokaybecausetheycangetbyon6.5

hours,whentheyreallyneed7.5,eightorevenmoretofeelideallyvigorous."Perhaps

themostmercilessrobberofsleep,researcherssay,isthecomplexityoftheday.

Wheneverpressuresfromwork,family,friendsandcommunitymount,manypeople

considersleep（heleastexpensiveitemonhisprogramme.HInoursociety,you're

considereddynamicifyousayyouonlyneed5.5hours'sleep.Ifyou'vegottoget8.5

hours,peoplethinkyoulackdriveandambition.'1Todeterminetheconsequencesof

sleep-deficit,researchershaveputsubjectsthroughasetofpsychologicaland

performancetestsrequiringthem,forinstance,toaddcolumnsofnumbersorrecalla

passagereadtothemonlyminutesearlier."Wc'vcfoundthatifyou'reinsleepdeficit,

performancesuffers,"saysDr.David."Short-termmemoryisweakened,asareabilities

tomakedecisionsandtoconcentrate.*'

55、Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?

A、Researchontheconsequencesofsleep-deficit.

B、Theepidemicofsleepinessinthemodemtimes.

C、Thehistoryofpeople'ssleepingpatterns.

D、Theminimumofoursleepinghours.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第一段點題：美國國內普遍存在的睡眠不足現象，接下來的幾個

段分別從睡眠不足的起因和結果來闡述這一土題。選項A）是對文章最后一個段的

概括，不全面；選項C）只是在文章第二段有所提及，用比較的方法來說明現代人

睡眠不足的現象，不是文章的主題；選項D）也只是在第二段中有所提及。

56、WhichofthefollowingisDr.David'sopinion?

A、Peoplewhothinktheyaresleepingenougharebetteroffthanthosewhodon't.

B、Somepeoplecanremainvigorouswithonly6.5hours'sleepanight.

C、Iftheyget8.5hours'sleep,peoplewillbefullofdriveandambition.

D、People'smentalpowersuffersiftheyareinsleepdeficit.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：文章最后一段講到睡眠不足對人們的影響時引用了Dr.David的話：

我們發(fā)現如果你的睡眠不足，那么你的表現就會不佳，你的短期記憶力將減弱，同

時決策能力會降低，也更難集中精力，由此可知D）正確。選項A）是對文章第一段

最后一句話的誤解；選項B）和。是對文章第二段最后一句話的誤解。

57>Peopleinthe1thand1thcenturiessleptabout.hoursanightbecause.

A、theywereforcedbytheirparentstodoso

B、theyknewwhatwasbestfortheirhealth

C^theyhadtodosobecauseoftheirlifestyleandthelackofelectricity

D、theywerenotsodynamicandambitiousasmodempeoplearc

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章第二段第一句指出，我們睡眠不足這一危機始源于一個世紀以前

電燈的發(fā)明。接著在第三句講到，以前那些最好的睡眠習慣是強加于我們的，因為

那時我們在晚上無事可做，而且沒有電燈，一片漆黑，由此可知選項C）正確。

58、Themajorcauseofsleep-deficitofmodempeopleis.

A^theendlessTVprogrammeintheevenings

B、heavyworkloadoftheday

C、sufficientenergymodempeopleusuallyhave

D、loudnoisesinthemodemcities

標準答案：B

知識點解析：文章第三段明確指出：研究人員認為，也許最殘忍的睡眠剝奪者就是

白天的繁雜瑣事（complexityoftheday）,包括來自工作、家庭、朋友以及社區(qū)的壓

力等，所以B）為正確答案。文章雖然提到電的發(fā)明使得人們的睡眠日益減少；但

并沒有指出這是主要原因，而且文中也沒有提到電視節(jié)目，所以排除A）；根據交

章第二和第三段可知，每個人所需要的睡眠時間事實上是相當的，有的人自吹睡

五、六個小時即可，為的是讓別人以為自己非常有活力和動力，但實際是自欺欺

人，所以排除C）；選項D）文章沒有提及。

59、Whatdoestheword"subjects"（Line1,Para.）mean?

A、Personorthingthatisbeingdiscussedordescribed.

B、Branchofknowledgestudiedinaschool.

C^Personorthingbeingtreatedinacertainwayorbeingexperimentedon.

D、AnymemberofaStateapartfromthesupremeruler.

標準答案：c

知識點常析：這句話的狀語從句的意思是：確定睡眠不足的后果，而主句又提到心

理和實際表現測試，由此可推知subjects的意思應該與實驗有關，而后面的現在分

詞短語更明確地說明了subjects所要做的事情：數字計算、背誦文章等，由此通過

排除法可知選項C）“受實驗者，受治療者，臨床醫(yī)學研究的對象”為答案。根據

requiring后面所表示的動作可知subjects應該是可以實施這些動作的施動者，即必

須是人，所以排除A）和B）；選項D）和實驗沒有關系。

Forsometimepastithasbeenwidelyacceptedthatbabies-andothercreatures-leamto

dothingsbecausecertainactsleadto"rewards*';andthereisnoreasontodoubtthatthis

istrue.Butitusedalsotobewidelybelievedthateffectiverewards,atleastintheearly

stages,hadtobedirectlyrelatedtosuchbasicphysiological（生理的）"drives"asthirstor

hunger.Inotherwords,ababywouldlearnifhegotfoodordrinkorsomesortof

physicalcomfort,nototherwise.Itisnowclearthatthisisnotso.Babieswilllearnto

behaveinwaysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptthesuccessful

outcome.Papousekbeganhisstudiesbyusingmilkinthenormalwayto"reward*'the

babiesandsotaughtthemtocarryoutsomesimplemovements,suchasturningthehead

toonesideortheother.Thenhenoticedthatababywhohadhadenoughtodrinkwould

refusethemilkbutwouldstillgoonmakingthelearnedresponsewithclearsignsof

pleasure.Sohebegantostudythechildren'sresponsesinsituationswherenomilkwas

provided.Hequicklyfbundthatchildrenasyoungasfourmonthswouldlearntoturn

theirheadstorightorleftifthemovement"switchedon"adisplayoflights-andindeed

thattheywerecapableoflearningquitecomplexturnstobringaboutthisresult,for

instance,twoleftortworight,oreventomakeasmanyasthreeturnstooneside.

Papousek'slightdisplaywasplaceddirectlyinfrontofthebabiesandhemadethe

interestingobservationthatsometimestheywouldnotturnbacktowatchthelights

closelyalthoughtheywould"smileandbubble"whenthedisplaycameon.Papousek

concludedthatitwasnotprimarilythesightofthelightswhichpleasedthem,itwasthe

successtheywereachievinginsolvingtheproblem,inmasteringtheskill,andthatthere

existsafundamentalhumanurgetomakesenseoftheworldandbringitunder

intentionalcontrol.

60、Accordingtotheauthor,babieslearntodothingswhich.

A、aredirectlyrelatedtopleasure

B、willmeettheirphysicalneeds

C、willbringthemafeelingofsuccess

D、willsatisfytheircuriosity

標準答案：C

知識點解析：觀點態(tài)度題。文章的第一段闡述的是以往人們的誤解，而A）、B）表

達的正是這種錯誤的認：只，所以不對。第二段中說到“Babieswilllearntobehavein

waysthatproduceresultsintheworldwithnorewardexceptthesuccessfuloutcome（孩

子們會學會自己行為的方式，這種方式在世界上帶來的結果，并不是獎勵，而是成

功）”，從此句可以判斷選C）。

61>Papouseknoticedinhisstudiesthatababy.

A、w