大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷8（共9套）

（共190題）

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第1套

一、仔細閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Duuloibandthelicallli-uaicsyslcnibinallnaliunsslilllargelyusepapciluuomiiiuiiicalc.

Thispaperisshuttledfromonehospitaltoanother,oftendoesn'tarriveonlimeand

sometimesdoesn'tshowupatall.Someofthemostimportantinformationiswrittenin

longhand,andhowlegibleisyourdoctor'shandwriting?Fortunately,thereisagrowing

movementtochangethat,usingelectronicinformationtechnology.Whilerelativelyfew

providersuseelectronichealthrecordsintheiroffices,thatfigureisincreasingrapidly.

Moredoctorsarcusingcomputerstoorderdiagnostictestsandtreatment.Gradually,

institutionsarebuildingsystemswithcommoncodingsystemsthatallowthemto

exchangedata.Thesinglemostimportantbenefitofelectronicrecordsisthattheymake

itpossibletodeliverinformationtoyourdoctoratthemomentheismakingdecisions

aboutyoucare.Insteadofhavingtoreadthroughwhatcanbehundredsofpagesinyour

medicalrecordtofindaparticulartestresults,oryourweighthasbeenoverthepastthree

years,thatdataarenowavailableinaninstant.Technologyisalsomakingiteasierfor

patientstocommunicatewithdoctorsandparticipateintheirtreatment-enablingthem,

forexample,toaskforarefillandreferral,ortotransmitimportantinformationlikethe

blood-pressurereadingstakenonhomemachines.Prescribingmedicinesisalsogettinga

lotsaferandmoreefficient.Computersnotonlysolvethelegibilityproblemwith

prescriptions,theycanalsoremindthedoctoraboutpocentialadversedrug-drug

interactionsorpatientdrugallergies,andevenrecommendanadjusteddosebasedona

patient'skidneyfunction.Insomehospitals,drugordersarebar-codedtobesuretheyare

goingtotherightpatient,andintravenousdrugsaredeliveredthrough"smartpumps'that

ensurethedoseisacceptable.Withoutsuchchecking,itiseasyforanursetomakean

error,andgive10timestoomuchmedication.Computerizingmedicalcarewillbe

expensive,butthereshouldbeahugereturnoninvestment.Ifnotdoneproperly,

computerizingmedicalcarecanfrustratedoctorsandthreatentheconfidentialityof

patientrecords.Butinhcalth-caresystemsthathaveadoptedthetechnology,theseare

occasionalproblems,whileimprovedsafety,qualityandefficiencyarcadailyreality.

1、Thecommunicationbypaperbetweendoctorshasproblemspartlybecause.

A、itcostsalargeamountforpostage

B、somedoctorshavedifficultyreadingthehandwritingonthepaper

C、thereisn'tagoodfillingsystemtorecordthedocument

D、ittakestoomuchtimetocopywhatiswritteninthediagnosis

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。該細節(jié)在文章的第一段開頭.如把病歷從一個醫(yī)院轉(zhuǎn)移到另

外一個醫(yī)院很慢，醫(yī)生的筆跡不好辨認等等。選項中，郵費的問題文中沒有提到，

故A錯誤，沒有好的記錄系統(tǒng)文中也沒有提到。抄寫診斷書的內(nèi)容文中也沒有涉

及，只有B,書寫很難辨認文中提到了，故選B。

2、Whatwasmadepossiblebyadoptingcomputertechnologyinmedical

communication?

A、Patientsdon'thavetocometothephannacytopickuptheirmedicine.

B、Doctorscanprovideatreatmentwithouttheassistanceofnurses.

C^Hospitalscanacceptmorepatientsattheemergencyroom.

DxPatientsathomecancoinmnnicatewiththeirdoctorabouttheirbloodpressure.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。該細節(jié)在文章的第二、三段，比如醫(yī)生可以在第一時間知道

你的過往病歷，方便醫(yī)生和患者的溝通，和患者信息的交換，更安全高效等。選項

中，文中沒有說到患者可以不去抓藥，也沒有說醫(yī)生不需要護士幫忙治療，或者說

醫(yī)院可以在急救室接受病人，A、B、C都沒有提到，只有D正確，病人可以在家

和醫(yī)生溝通自己的血壓。

3^Inmakingprescriptions,.

A、doctorsshouldbecarefulnottowritedownpersonalinformation

B、itisdifferenttofindoutallthepatient,sallergies

C、thenewtechnologyhelpsavoiderrorsabouttheamountofmedication

D、doctorsandnursesworktogethertodoublecheckwhoreceivedthemedication

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)文章的第三段，在處方方面。4ithcycanalsoremindthe

doctoraboutpotentialadversedrug-druginteractionsorpatientdrugallergies,and

evenrecommendanadjusteddosebasedonapatient'skidneyfunction,,?''intravenous

drugsarcdeliveredthrough4smartpumps'thatensurethedoseisacceptable”，即提醒醫(yī)

生藥物間不良的相互作用或藥物過敏，還會根據(jù)患者的腎功能推薦藥量.可以控制

靜脈注射的約量等等，選項中只有避免約物用量錯誤符合題意。

4、Computerizinghcalth-caresystems.

A、arestillimprovingandbecomingsafer

B、requiremanyspecialistsaboutcomputerstoavoidaccidents

C、solveeveryproblemwehavenowinhospitals

D^areconvenientfordoctorsandnurses,butnotforpatients

標準答案：A

知識點解析：推斷題。根據(jù)文章的最后一段，作者提到如果操作不當(dāng)，會使醫(yī)生迷

惑降低病歷的可信度，但是這些問題只是有時發(fā)生?？梢酝茢噙€是需要今后的改

進。而沒有說到需要電胸專業(yè)人員來避免危險.不可能解決醫(yī)院的一切問題。電子

病例對醫(yī)生、護士和患者都有利，故B、C、D錯誤，A正確。

5、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A、Ihcnewhcalth-carcsystemwithcomputersistooexpensivetobeadoptedbymost

medicalinstitution.

B、Thenumberofhospitalswheredoctorsuseacomputerizedhealth-caresystemis

increasing.

C>Evencomputersmakemistakes,soitissaferfbrdoctorsandnursestocheckeach

prescription.

D、Inthefuture,patientsdon'thavetogotothehospitalbecausetheycangetthe

diagnosisandtheprescriptiononline.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。文章的第一段和最后一段提到這種系統(tǒng)正在被越來越多的醫(yī)

院使用，雖然貴，但是收效很大，但是沒有說到大多數(shù)機構(gòu)都買不起，故A錯

誤，B正確。也沒有提到電腦出錯的問題，故C錯誤。電子病歷只是方便了醫(yī)生和

患者的溝通，但并不是說患者就可以不去醫(yī)院了，故D錯誤。故選B。

Astheearth'ssurfaceswarm,evaporation（蒸發(fā)）isdryingoutforestsandsoils,increasing

susceptibilitytofire.Lastsummer,morethan7.3millionacresofU.S.forestsburned

duringanintensedrought.Mostalarmingly,asanintergovernmentalpanelconcludedin

2001,earth'sbiologicalsystemsarealreadyrespondingtoclimatechange.Thecurrent

epidemic（傳染?。﹐fbarkbeetlesaddsanewdimensiontotheriskoffires.Mountain

barkbeetlesattacklodgcpolc,pondcrosa（黃松）,Douglassfir（極木）,sugarandwestern

whitepines,destroyingthembyinjectingafungus（真菌）.Thegalleriesofeggstheylay

insidethebarkpavethewayfbrthetrees'deathwithinayear.Healthytreessccrctcpitch

todrowntheinvadersandplugtheholestheybore,butdroughtdriesoutthepitch.

Woodpeckersandnuthatcheskeepadultnumbersincheck,butwithwarmerwinters,

beetlepopulationscanquadrupleinayear,outpacingtheirpursuers.Warmingis

increasingthereproduction,abundanceandgeographicrangeofbeetles,destabilizingthe

age-old,hardwontrucebetweeninsectsandvegetation.Since1994,mildwintersin

Wyominghavehelpedthebeetlelarvae（幼蟲）survivetheseason.Usually,80percentdie,

butthemortalityratehasdroppedtolessthan10percent.InAlaska,sprucebarkbeetles

arcsneakinginanextragenerationayearduetowanning,andhavedestroyed4million

acresintheKenaiPeninsulainthepastfiveyears."Thisisanotherexampleofglobal

climatechangethathasdeadlyimplicationsformystate,"declaredAlaska'sRepublican

Sen.TedStevenslastyear.Warmingisalsoexpandingthebeetles'rangeintohigher

altitudes.Inthepastfourorfiveyears,theyhavebeguntoattackwhitebarkpinesatan

elevationof8,000feetorhigher.JesseLogan,whoworksfortheUtahForestService,

toldtheBillings(Mont.)Gazettelastmonththatthisdevelopmentcoincideswithan

overallwanningtrendthatbeganinthe1980s."Beetlesarccold-blooded,sotheir

metabolismisrelatedtotheenvironmentthey'rein,"accordingtoLogan,whosaidthe

beetlesseemtobeareliableindicatorofglobalclimatechange.

6、Barkbeetles.

A、aredisappearingbecauseoftheincreaseofwildfires

B、areeasilykilledbywoodpeckersandnuthatches

C^laytheireggsunderthegroundatthebottomoftrees

D、havebecomeabletosurvivethewinter

標準答案:D

知識點解析?：細節(jié)題。本文講述了因為全球變暖，導(dǎo)致一種害蟲在森林肆虐的情

況。因為全球變暖，樹木的樹脂干枯，不能淹死入侵的害蟲，導(dǎo)致害蟲的繁殖量增

大，幼蟲死亡率降低，在森林中肆虐。故A錯誤。"Woodpeckersandnulhatches

keepadultnumbersincheck,butwithwarmerwinters,beetlepopulationscan

quadrupleinayear,outpacingtheirpursuers^,故它的天敵不能有效地控制蟲害,B

錯誤。由“Thegalleriesofeggstheylayinsidethebark..”,可以看出他們把卵產(chǎn)在樹

皮下，故C錯誤。從"mildwintersinWyominghavehelpedthebeetlelarvae(幼

蟲)survivetheseason”中看出D正確。

7、Whatistherelationshipbetweenbarkbeetlesandclimatechange?

A、Moreandmorebarkbeetlesdieduetoglobalwanning.

B、Barkbeetleshavemoreriskofdyinginwarmingwinters.

C、Globalwarmingcausesanincreaseinthenumberofbarkbeetles.

D、Thereisnorelationbetweenthem.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。從上題的解析中可以看出，氣候變暖對于這種害蟲的繁衍有

利.暖冬可以使他們的死亡率降低，故A、B、D錯誤。他們的關(guān)系是變暖可以導(dǎo)

致害蟲數(shù)量的增長。

8、Whydowehavemorewildfiresnowthanbefore?

A、Becausethenumberofthebarkbeetlesisdecreasing.

Becausetreeswherebarkbeetleslivedryouteasilyandcatchfire.

C、Becausebarkbeetlespreventtheearthfromgettingwarmer.

D^Becausebarkbeetlesarecold-bloodedandneedfiretowarmuptheirbodies.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：推斷題。眼據(jù)文章的第一段，氣候變暖導(dǎo)致樹木及土壤水分量減少，

導(dǎo)致火災(zāi)數(shù)量的增多。由此可見問題在于水分的減少。而這種害蟲導(dǎo)致樹木死亡，

死亡的樹木含水量很低，就更容易著火，故選B。

9、Whatkindofchangeshasappearedinthelivingareaofbarkbeetles?

A、Theyaremovingfromthecoolercasttothewarmerwestareas.

B、Theyhavebecomeabletoliveinthehigherareasofthemountains.

C、TheyaremovingfromAlaskatoWyoming.

D^Theyhavecometoliveinthedeadtreesafterwildfires.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。由文章的最后一段，“Warmingisalsoexpandingthe

beetles'rangeintohigherakitudes.”可知，因為氣候變暖，地球上高海拔地區(qū)也開始

溫度升高，這樣這種害蟲的生活范圍向上延展，可以在更大的范圍內(nèi)生活，故B

正確。這種擴大是海拔上的，立體的，而不是橫向的，故A、C錯誤。D文中沒有

提及。

10、Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A、Thelifeexpectancyofthebarkbeetlesisbecomingshorter.

B、Globalwarmingdoesn,tinfluencetheearth'sbiologicalsystems.

C>Thenumberofwoodpeckersisrapidlyincreasingbecauseofwarmerwinters.

D、Wecanrelyonbarkbeetlestoindicateglobalclimatechange.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)本文的大意（見第1題解析），A、B和文章的意思相

悖。C中因為暖冬數(shù)量增加的是這種甲蟲，而不是啄木鳥，故錯誤。D這一細節(jié)在

文中結(jié)尾，“thebeetlesseemtobeareliableindicatorofglobalclimatechange''提及

過，故選Do

Inmanycountries,governmentsarctryingtogetcitizenstocatmorehealthily.Oneway

inwhichgovernmentsaretryingtodothisisbyincreasingtaxesonfoodsthatare

unhealthy.Forexample,Denmark,acountryinEurope,taxesproductsthatcontainalot

ofsugar,suchasicecreamandchocolate.In2011,theDanishgovernmentwentonestep

furtherandintroducedataxonthefatscontainedinfoodslikebutterandcheese.

However,expertsdonotagreewhethersuchtaxeswork.Somehealthexpertshave

alwaysdisagreedwithtaxingfats.Theysayweneedtoconsidereachfoodseparatelyand

notsimplyworryabouthowmuchfatitcontains.Forthesamereason,Danishdairy

farmersfeltthatthegovernmentwaswrongtosaythatthefoodstheyproduceare

unhealthy.Cheese,forexample,containsalotoffat,butitdoesnotseemtoleadto

healthproblemsinthewayotherkindsoffatdo.Suchcriticsbelievethatthegovernment

shouldinsteadUytomakehealthyfoods,suchasvegetables,cheaper.Therehavealso

beeneconomicproblemsbecauseofthetax.TheDanishgovernmentthoughtthatifthe

costoffattyfoodswentup,peoplewouldnotbuyasmuchofthem.However,some

foodssuchasbutterandchccscarcanimportantpartofthetraditionalDanishdiet.Since

thesecouldnotbeboughtinDenmarkatreasonableprices,manyDanishpeoplebegan

shoppinginnearbycountries.Onestudydiscoveredthatasmanyas48percentofDanish

peopleweregoingtoGermanyorSwedentodoshopping,andtheDanisheconomylost

about$1.8billionbecauseofthis.Forthesereasons,theDanishgovernmentdecidedto

getridofthetaxafteronlyoneyear.However,manydoctorssaythatoneyearisnotlong

enoughtoknowifthetaxhelpedDanishcitizens'health.TheyclaimthattheDanish

governmentisworriedmoreabouttheeconomythanitisabouttheDanishpeople.But

eventhoughthetaxdidnotworkinDenmark,somecountrieshavenotgivenuponthe

idea.TheUnitedKingdomandFrancearethinkingoftryingsimilartaxes,andHungary

hasalreadyputataxonfattyfoods.

11、Whatisonewaygovernmentsaretryingtomakepeoplehealthier?

A、Bypromotinglow-fatversionsofmanypopularfoods.

B、Byforcingthemtopaymoreforcertainkindsoffood.

C、Bydecreasingtheamountofsugarallowedinproducts.

D、Bycreatinglawsconcerninghowmuchpeopleareallowedtoeat.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。在很多國家，為了使本國的人民吃得更健康.政府正在準備

增加不健康食物的消費稅，以減少人們對這些食物的購買。本題的答案可以從文章

的第—段得出."'governmentsaretryingtogetcitizenstoeatmorehealthily...Oneway

inwhichgovernmentsaretryingtodothisisbyincreasingtaxesonfoodsthat

areunheakhy.”即促使人們在買這些食物的時候多花錢，故選B。其他三項文中都

沒有提及。

12、DairyfarmersinDenmark.

A^feltthattheywerebeingmadetoproducetoomanyproducts

B、wereworriedthatthegovernmentwasplanningtobancheese

C、arguedthattheirproductsarehealthierthanthegovernmentsaid

D、admittedthattheirproductscontainedanunhealthyamountoffat

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。該細節(jié)在文章的第二段，^Danishdairyfarmersfeltthatthe

governmentwaswrongtosaythatthefoodstheyproduceareunhealthy.Cheese,for

example,containsalotoffat?butitdoesnotseemtoleadtohealthproblemsinthe

wayotherkindsoffatdo.”即他們認為他們生產(chǎn)的食物不是不健康的.故選C。

13、Whatwasoneresultoftaxingfoodsthathavealotoffat?

A、Manypeopleavoidedpayingthetaxbyshoppingabroad.

B、ManypeoplebeganeatingtraditionalDanishfood.

C、Itmadehealthyfoodslikefruitandvegetablescostmore.

D、ItcausedpeopleinGermanyandSwedentospendlessmoney.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。該細節(jié)在文章的第三段，“Sincethesecouldnotbeboughtin

Denmarkatreasonableprices,manyDanishpeoplebeganshoppingin

nearbycouniries.”即他們離不開這些食物，只能去鄰國買這些產(chǎn)品。故A符合題

意。

14、ManyductorslliinkdialtheDanishgovcriiiiicnl.

A、couldhaveendedthetaxonfatsmuchsooner

B、ismoreconcernedaboutmoneythanthehealthofitscitizens

C、hasenoughinformationtoseeiftaxesonunhealthyfoodsareeffective

D、shouldaskothercountriestomakelawsagainstsellingfattyfoods

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。醫(yī)生的看法可以在文章的最后一段找到，umanydoctorssay

thatoneyearisnotlongenoughtoknowifthetaxhelpedDanish

citizens,health...TheyclaimthattheDanishgovernmentisworriedmoreaboutthe

economythanitisabouttheDanishpeople.”即他們認為政府考慮經(jīng)濟多些,而不是

人民的健康，故與B相符。

15、Whichofthefollowingstatementistrue?

A、Somepeoplethinkthatmakinghealthyfoodscheaperwouldworkbetterthanatax.

B、Healthexpertssaythatweshouldeatmoredairyproductsthanotherfoods.

C、Somekindsoffruitandvegetablesareasunhealthyasmeat.

D、Manypeoplebuyunhealthyfoodstoavoidpayinghightaxes.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：細節(jié)題?！癝uchcriticsbelievethatthegovernmentshouldinsteadtryto

makehealthyfoods,suchasvegetables,cheaper.”即不該多收不健康食物的稅,而

應(yīng)該降低健康食物的價格，故A正確。而文中健康專家說“weneedtoconsidereach

fbodscparatclyandnotsimplyworryabouthowmuchfatitcontains”.并沒有說奶制品

更健康，故B錯誤。文中沒有提到水果和蔬菜不健康，故C錯誤。D與文意相

反，不健康的食物有更高的稅，人們?yōu)榱吮荛_交稅而不會買不健康的食物，故選

Ao

ThoughitnowseemsmerelyanepisodeinthelastyearofWorldWarI,theinfluenza

pandemicoftheautumnof1918wasoneofthethreegreatestoutbreaksofdiseasein

history.OnlytheplagueofJustinianandtheBlackDeathcomparewithit.Aquarterof

theworld'spopulationwasaffected;allinall,itkilled22millionpeople,almosttwiceas

manyaswerekilledinthewaritself.InIndia,morepeoplediedfrominfluenzainafew

monthsthanhaddiedfromcholeraintwentyyears.IntheUnitedStates,halfamillion

peopledied.Throughcenturies,thecourseofepidemicshasrunfromeasttowest.The

1918influenzaepidemicfollowedthispattern,reachingAmericalast.Traditionally.Asia

hasbeenthematrixofdisease,almostasthoughthereexisted,inthevastnessof

Mongolia,apermanentfocusofinfectionwhichwoulderuptperiodicallyintotherestof

theworld.SomedoctorsmaintainedthattheinfluenzawasintroducedbyChineselabor

battalionsthatlandedonthecoastofFrance.SomeattributedittoRussiansoldiers

amvingfromVladivostock.OthersthoughtitmighthavedevelopedinSpainfroman

earlierbronchitiswhichwassoprevalentduringthespringthatthename"Spanish"was

giventotheautumninfluenza.Therewasevenonetenuoustheorythatthediseasesprang

intobeinginanisolatedGeorgiatrainingcampduringthewinterof1917andmigrated

westwarduntilithadcircumnavigatedtheearth.Influenzaisstillamysteriousdisease.

Nooneyetknowswhetheritisonevirusorseveral,whyitoccursincycle,orhowand

whereitliesdormantbetweenepidemics.Therearetheoriesofweather,theoriesofthe

wearingoffofgroupimmunity,andevenaiheoryofdeterminationbyeconomic

circumstances.Themostgenerallyheldcurrentexplanationis,however,thatapandemic

likethatof1918ariseswhenanewandexplosivestrainofvirusdevelopsthrougha

spontaneousprocessofmutationorrenewal.

16、Whatisthisarticlemainryabout?

A^TheBlackPlague.

B、Thefluepidemicof1918.

C、TheplagueofJustinian.

D、Allepidemics.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：主旨題。短文第一段第一句"Thoughitnowseemsmerelyanepisodein

thelastyearofWorldWarI.theinfluenzapandemicoftheautumnof1918wasoneof

thcthrccgreatestoutbreaksofdiseaseinhistory”指出文章的主題.即短文主要是講

theinfluenzapandemicof1918,與選項B吻合,故選B。

17、Whichofthefollowingistrueoftheepidemicof1918?

A、Itwasoneofthethreegreatestoutbreaksofdiseaseinhistory.

B、Itaffectedaquarteroftheworld'spopulation.

C^Itwasthegreatestoutbreakofdiseaseinthehistoryofman.

D^BothAandB.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)短文第一段中“theinfluenzapandemicoftheautumnof

1918wasoneofthethreegreatestoutbreaksofdiseaseinhistory"可知選項A符合短文

表述：根據(jù)“Aquarteroftheworld'spopulationwasaffbcled”可知選項B也符合短文

表述，故選項D正確。選項C在文中沒有涉及。

18、Whichofthefollowingisaresultofthe1918epidemic?

A、22millionpeopledied.

B、22millionAmericansdied.

CNHalfasmanypeoplediedaswerekilledinWorldWarI.

D、AsmanypeoplediedaswerekilledinWorldWarI.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。短文第一段指出“allinall,itkilled22millionpeople,almost

twiceasmanyaswerekilledinthewaritself\故選項A正確。

19、Throughthecenturies,thecourseofepidemicshasbeen.

A、fromwesttoeast

B、fromnorthtosouth

C^fromeasttowest

D、haphazard

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。限據(jù)短文第二段第一句"Throughcenturies,thecourseof

epidemieshasrunfromeasttowest.”故選項C正確。

20、Theword"mutation"(Line6,Para.3)means.

A、development

B>evolution

C^cultivation

D^transformation

標準答案：D

知識點解析：詞匯題。通過理解上下文，從相近的詞語中猜測詞義。文中提到了

“mutationorrenewa「故可知renewal便是它的近義詞，意為“突變，演變”，D選項

也表示這個意思，故選D。

大學(xué)英語四級改革適用（閱讀）模擬試

卷第2套

一、仔細閱讀（本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。）

Imagineananimalthatbecomesfrozenincoldweather.Then,whenitgetswarmer,the

animalsimplyunfreezesandgoesbacktoitsnormallite.Althoughthismaysoundlike

somethingfromascience-fictionmovie,itisexactlywhathappenstothewoodfrogover

winterandspring.Whenwinterbegins,thefrog,whichisfoundthroughoutmuchof

Canada,buriesitselfinleavesanddirt.Asthegroundbeginstofreeze,sodoesthefrog1s

body.Normally,ifalivingcreatureisfrozen,thecellsinsideitsbodyaredestroyed,

leadingtodeath.How,then,doesthewoodfrogsurvive?Thesecretliesinthefactthat

althoughthewaterbetweenthecellsinthefrog'sbodybecomesfrozen,thewaterinside

thecellsdoesnotfreeze.Beforethewinterbegins,thefrogstoresstarchinitsbody.As

theweathergetscolder,thedropintemperaturecausesthefrog'sbodytochangethis

starchintoglucose.Thisglucose,inturn,lowersthetemperatureatwhichtheliquid

insidethefrog'scellsfreezes.Asaresult,thecellsdonotfreezeevenatverylow

temperatures,allowingthefrogtostayalive.Somewoodfrogsstayinthisfrozenstate一

withtheirheartsstoppedcompletely—formonthswithoutharm.Nowresearchersare

hopingtoadaptthewoodfrog'ssecrettohelpthempreservehumanorgansfor

transplants.Currently,afterorgansarcremovedfromadonor'sbody,theyarcpackedin

aspecialliquidandkeptverycold.However,theycannotbefrozenbecausetheice

woulddamagethecellsintheorgans.Forthisreason,theorgansmustbeusedquickly.If

doctorshadawaytopreserveorganslonger,theywouldhavemoretimetofindthebest

matchesamongpeoplewaitingfororgantransplants.Thereisstillalotaboutthewood

frogthatscientistsdonotunderstand.Theystillhavetoworkout,forexample,exactly

howthefrogisabletounfreezeitselfandwhatactuallyrestartsthefrog'sheartwhenthe

wualherbuuomeswanner.Whalisuluar,however,isdiallessonslearnedbystudyingthis

tinycreaturecouldbeofgreatbenefittohumansinthenearfuture.

1、Thewoodfrogisunusualbecauseit.

A^canmoveabouteasilyonfrozenground

B、buriesitselfinleavesanddirtatthestartofspring

C、survivesevenafteritsbodyhasbecomefrozen

D^livesanormallifeeveninverycoldweather

標準答案：C

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。限據(jù)短文開頭內(nèi)容...frozenincoldweather...unfreezesand

goesbacktoitsnormallife.以及thismaysound...science—fictionmovie...woodfrog

可知woodfrog的不尋常之處在于即使它全身都結(jié)冰了，它也可以復(fù)活。故選C。

2、Whateffectdoestheglucoseproducedinthewoodfrog,sbodyhave?

A、Itstopsthewaterinthefrog5scellsfromfreezingincoldweather.

B、Itlowersthetemperatureinthespacesbetweenthefrog'scells.

C、Itcausesthefrog*scellstoproducemorestarch.

D、Itallowsthefrog5scellstoproducemorewater.

標準答案：A-

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。短文第二段中間指出Thisglucose,inturn,lowersthe

temperatureatwhichtheliquidinsidethefrog'scellsfreezes.意為這種葡萄糖可以降

低woodfrog細胞液體垢冰的溫度。由此可知這種葡萄糖使細胞里的水不會結(jié)冰，

故選Ao

3、Researchersarehopingtousethewoodfrog'ssecrettoallowthemto.

A、usetransplantorgansmorequickly

B、removeorgansfromadonormoreeasily

C>unfreezetransplantorganswithchemicalsfromthefrogs

D、keeptransplantorganslongerthantheycannow

標準答案：D

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)短文第三段前半部分helpthempreservehumanorgans

fortransplants和最后Ifdoctorshadawaytopreserveorganslonger,可知選項D正

確。

4、Whichisonethingthatscientistswouldliketofindoutaboutthewoodfrog?

A、Whetheritbecomesfrozeninthespring.

B、Howitsheartstartsagainwhenitunfreezes.

C>Whichpartsofitsbodyfreezeincoldweather.

D、Whyittakessolongtounfreezeattheendofwinter.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。祚者在最后一段指出...workout…h(huán)owthefrogisableto

unfreezeitselfandwhatactuallyrestartsthefrog'sheart...,由此可知，答案為Bo

5、Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A、Thewoodfrogneedsstarchinordertostopthecellsinitsbodyfromdying.

B、Researchersaretryingtofindawaytotransplanttheorgansofwoodfrogs.

C^Woodfrogsusetheglucoseintheircellstounfreezetheirbodiesattheendofwinter.

D、ScientistsarenowusingtheprocessthattakesplaceinawoodfYog'sbodytoprepare

humanorgansfortransplant.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。艱據(jù)短文第二段對woodfrog這種特殊能力的描述以及the

frogstoresstarchinitsbody和Thisglucose...lowersthetemperalure…可知選項A正

確.選項C錯誤：根據(jù)短文倒數(shù)第二段中researchersarehopingtoadapt...help

thcmprcscrvchumanorgansfortransplants,由此可排除B、D。故選A。

Sinceancienttimes,thedestructiveeffectsofearthquakesonhumanlivesandproperty

haveencouragedthesearchforreliablemethodsofearthquakeprediction.Thischallenge

remainsandmodernscientistscontinuetosearchlorreliablemethodstodeterminethe

time,placeandintensityofindividualquakes.Onepredictiontechniqueinvolvesan

analysisoftherecurrence（重現(xiàn)）ratesofearthquakesasindicatorsoffutureactivity.

Earthquakesareconcentratedincertainareasoftheworldwhicharesubjecttoconstant

movementsofearth'splatesanditisintheseareasthatscientistsfocustheir

investigations.Thissearchforpre-earthquakephenomenahasreceivedparticular

attention.IncontrasttotheancientGreeksandRomans,whoreliedonthecryingofdogs

asawarningsign,modernscientistshavefocusedonphysicalevidenceforacoming

earthquake.Evidenceofplatestraincanbefoundbymeasuringrelativemovements,

whilechemicalchangesalsooffersignalsforscientistsAnalysisofthechangesin

magneticpropertiesandconduclivily（傳導(dǎo)性）ofrocksprovidesfurtherdatafor

prediction.Theelectricalandmagneticpropertiesofcrustal（地殼的）rocksare

particularlysensitivetostrain.Theconductivityofcrustalrockisdeterminedbythe

degreetowhichtherockissoakedwithfluidandtheelectrolyticpropertiesofthose

fluids.Beforelargeearthquakes,smallfracturesdevelopinrocks,whichchangethe

quantityoffluidpresent.Thesechangescanbemeasuredandprovideusefuldata.

However,similarchangesinthefluid,bearingcapacityofrockcanoccurasaresultof

otherfactorssuchaschangesinthewatertable,andthereforethistechniqueisnot

entirelyreliable.Theancientbelievethatthebehaviorofbirds,catsanddogsprovides

evidenceofinevitableearthquakeshasrecentlybeenattendedasaresultoftestscarried

outinCalifornia.Ithasbeenshownthatchangestakingplaceinthemetabolic（新陳弋謝

的）ratesoftheseanimalscorrelatewithsubsequentseismicactivity.Itisassumedthatthe

animalsaresensitivetotheseismicwaveswhichprecedemajorquakes.Inzoneswhere

earthquakesareknowntooccur,improvedconstructiontechniquescansignificantly

reducetheeffectsofseismicwaves.Ifmoreaccurateinformationregardingthetimeand

intensitywereavailable,governmentscouldtakeevenmoreeffectivemeasurestoreduce

theimpactonhumanlife,if,however,anentirelyaccuratepredictiontechniquebecame

available,therewouldbesignificantsocialandpoliticalimplications.

6、Recurrenceratesofearthquakescanhelppredictfuturequakesbecause.

improvementinmathematicsallowsfigurestobemoreaccurate

B>thismethodhasbeenusedsinceancienttimesandprovedveryeffective

C、mostscientistsfocustheirinvestigationsonthequakesofcertainareas

D^continuousplatemovementsoftenresultinearthquakesincertainareas

標準答案：D

知識點解析：細節(jié)題。由題干可定位至第一段最后兩句，根據(jù)Earthquakes

areconcenHatedincertainareasoftheworldwhicharesubjecttoconstantmovements

ofearth'splates可知，地震總是集中在受到地球板塊持續(xù)運動影響的特定區(qū)域。故

選項D正確。

7、Whichofthefollowing