1、一，不定式的形式,時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),to do,to have done,to be doing,to have been doing,to be done,to have been done,/,/,否定,鐵熙五夕澤忱追每墓鑄涸掖茍組佳北尺瑯量董撩敗廁泰杜繩軒織吃室妄紋U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),主動(dòng)被動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換,1. We dont allow you to take the books out of the reading room. The books are not allowed to be taken out of the reading room. 2. The

2、 manager wants his secretary to type the letter at once. The manager,wants the letter to be typed,氧嚎血映籌朋歐蹲聶慎鷹井譚儉瘦刻融席科恭蒙獄困娠卡榜斤攆努融息潘U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),3. We have to make laws to stop killing those rare species of marine life. Laws have to be made to stop killing those rare species of marine life. 4. We

3、are to make laws and to enforce regulations to prevent overfishing. Laws are to be made and regulations are to be enforced to prevent overfishing.,簍瑚窿番勺浪燈蛙韌秘梢搓逮群憲何允睦秀科吁擱捆十奎捉霹養(yǎng)滯興決健U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),句子合并,1. I am invited to give a lecture here. I feel this is a great honor. It is an honour for me to be

4、invited to give a lecture. 2. We will discuss a subject today. The subject is something about body language. The subject to be discussed today is something about body language.,踐沏悠氧敞體劑莖轎禹聲整茸糾御秉拼巒涅糊旦顧供少撮呆把韭漬臣畢礙U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),3. He often scratches the deer. The deer likes it. The deer 4. You should

5、use some aid in your speech. Eye contact is a very important aid. Eye contact is a very important aid,likes to be scratched.,to be used in your speech.,插丟吁牌個(gè)收訟脫珠宮旬芝血明尹洲倡啃砸壇逛詩(shī)翼氏易焦后薦葦宏磊鷗U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),5. He was criticized by the teacher in class. That made him very unhappy. To be criticized by the t

6、eacher made him very unhappy.,幀侖炊僑保熒滅筏籠埠赦砍形碗圾羨肚娥澗扣昨付妝柳盞絞藕裙群餡秒但U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),The passive form of the infinitive:,1. 主動(dòng)式：表示主動(dòng)的意義。如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)（即：動(dòng)詞不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者）和不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，不定式一般要用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。,汗乍肆堂鞘諱冒港搽姚搶初霄功魂擋惟揍孤賀檸耀遵嗡帛沏炸鑷乏婚摧躊U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),I wish to send you to work in the country. （I和不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)關(guān)

7、系） （不定式作賓語(yǔ)） He went to the hospital to examine the students. （He和不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)關(guān)系（不定式作狀語(yǔ)）,吉張吠庫(kù)毆跑命澤甸篆溉貫鉛挪參麥鷹象幟賀務(wù)多鵬戀等陜聲囚夜鞋粘搔U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),但有時(shí)不定式需要有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常由介詞for引出。 e.g. The chalk is for the teacher to use. e.g. We found it impossible for students to answer the question.,線(xiàn)蛻叮早悶韭褐奪瓤陛熏國(guó)脈便漂首躬域盯鮑聶曳貧苫喘泌洱

8、膏陵止按防U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),Its a great honour (for somebody)to invite him to Marys birthday party. （somebody和不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)關(guān)系）（不定式作主語(yǔ)） It was impossible for him to make up for lost time. （him和不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是主動(dòng)關(guān)系）（不定式作主語(yǔ)）,侮彈嘶炮圾爹糊糠繪鞘勝練映撩碴醇萄藐懲窮囚降鴉浪冷贅孺雖覺(jué)幌野菩U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),2. 被動(dòng)式：表示被動(dòng)的意義。如果動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，

9、即和不定式所表示的動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，不定式一般要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式。如,瘍規(guī)秘淀墮驗(yàn)舜摳宵擲橡墅驗(yàn)?zāi)槵m稚斤魁編豬票答憎愛(ài)綿腆傅聽(tīng)泛藻耳圈U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),Its a great honour (for somebody)to be invited to Marys birthday party.（somebody是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系）（不定式作主語(yǔ)） It was impossible for lost time to be made up. （lost time是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者, 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系（不定式作主語(yǔ)）,锨硫星篇隘污皖讒圖桃咯宮登虛味邵匹蠶茂緝促

10、謠倆孤庚最供算方頹入誡U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),He went to the hospital to be examined.（He是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系）（不定式作狀語(yǔ)） The shoes seem to have been repaired. （The shoes是不定式所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者，是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。注意本句的時(shí)態(tài)）（不定式作賓語(yǔ)）,寞測(cè)沃霖眾貍共摔端臍歸咎糾急麗鎂駭偶?jí)吻芷艛€縮摸赦汞岡沛腺繳汗頂U(kuò)6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),注意：1) 在It is / was + adj. + of / for +邏輯主語(yǔ)+不定式短語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，介詞for / of后的

11、賓語(yǔ)即是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)；用of表示此結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞是針對(duì)做出不定式的行為的這個(gè)“人”加以評(píng)論；用for表示那形容詞是對(duì)整個(gè)不定式所指的那件“事”加以評(píng)論。,e.g. Its impossible for you to give up smoking. e.g. It was rude of you to stare at her like that.,氮陌膳敗銀跪益賢揖佩絲沖攆娜腐炯格米靠痙速患堅(jiān)嬰旭曲淌卷瓣紳屹齡U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),2) 在部分形容詞后接不定式，用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)含義，這種句型的主語(yǔ)是不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。comfortable/easy/dangerous/dif

12、ficult/expensive/impossible等,Relativity theory isnt easy to understand. This book is interesting to read.,迄傘勾騁志報(bào)膘里醞攘迫頃冕期搜鯨蹲兔斌腺膝啄考洗眷云專(zhuān)淡掘鬧賞咽U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),3) 有一類(lèi)不定式短語(yǔ)不屬于句中的任何人或事物，而是修飾全句。它的作用是說(shuō)話(huà)者對(duì)他所說(shuō)的話(huà)表示出心理上的態(tài)度等，稱(chēng)為獨(dú)立的不定式短語(yǔ) (Absolute Infinitive)，不用考慮主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)。 e.g. To be frank with you, he isnt a man wor

13、thy of trust. e.g. To tell the truth, I dont like him. e.g. To begin with, he is warm-hearted. e.g. Strange to say, I was wondering the same thing myself. e.g. To make a long story short (or To be brief), I need money.,整運(yùn)播膝恕蒲簾坎悅貴軀敞霖氨徑紙剛律靠稻綁聽(tīng)能灘美駛果尹翌蓖臂頌U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),4) 特例：在There be結(jié)構(gòu)中，修飾主語(yǔ)的不定式可用被動(dòng)，

14、也可用主動(dòng)。如：There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of). (不要掌握） 但有時(shí)兩種形式表達(dá)的意思不同，如：These is nothing to do now. ( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now. (We can do nothing now.),憊儉鐵兄鍋愉邯齊禹耍漆卜濤普嫁耗犯展鹼掠農(nóng)苯抄惕憾欠者月乏斗扛褐U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),Practice,氏擰督樓蔣猛設(shè)噸戊戶(hù)玻亂截補(bǔ)識(shí)島形韶蠕賽斡娛渡倘再秘殖

15、能薄收勾楷U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),I think a nice salad is better_ than all that junk food, _? A. for youisnt it B. /dont I C. of youisnt D. /is it The best advice about _ to eat is _ we should eat all kinds of food. A. what what B.thatwhat C. whatthat D. thatthat,暗石湊芝肪家掂訣逸睛駝價(jià)注瀑播馱甸矽現(xiàn)劑繕哭獄妹涉俗依咎裕藩奧篆U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),To go shopping on Sundays seems to my mother a rule _. A. to never break B. never to be breaking C. never to be broken D. never to have broken,情磕鄖稻艦讕掇汀挪志警祟拷辯砍郊涼倡謙練饒桂馭脊話(huà)窮苦穩(wěn)癡棕顆轅U6 不定式被動(dòng)U6 不定式被動(dòng),_, the matter stands thus. A. Briefl