1、PCEG電子R/D Lab agency 任國(guó)兵 2004年4月6日,電磁兼容(EMC)基本觀念簡(jiǎn)介 (暨Foxconn(LH) EMC實(shí)驗(yàn)室介紹),Agenda,What is EMC/EMI/EMS? EMI的危害 如何控制EMI 國(guó)家EMC管控方式產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證 (Including EMC & Safety) EMC/Safety Test/Measurement/Check Items Introduction EMC Lab Introduction,What is EMI/EMS/ EMC?,What is EMI/EMS/ EMC?,EMI= Electromagnetic Inte

2、rference電磁干擾 The inability of equipment to impact the operation of others in the environment. (不過(guò)分干擾別人) * = Ability of systems to work together. EMS= Electromagnetic Susceptibility(容忍度)電磁耐受 The ability of equipment to function without degradation in their intended environment. (能承受一定程度之外界干擾),What is

3、 EMI/EMS/ EMC?,EMC =Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC =EMI +EMS 兩者之合 既不過(guò)分干擾別人, and 又能承受一定程度之外界干擾,EMI Manifestations(表現(xiàn)) Levels,Multiple Systems System Subsystem Equipment Motherboard P.C. Board Component,Self 自身EMC Inter System系統(tǒng)內(nèi) EMC Intra-System系統(tǒng)間EMC,EMI之現(xiàn)象,EMS之現(xiàn)象,遭受干擾致功能喪失，當(dāng)機(jī)等,RS,來(lái)自電源線之電源突波、雷擊波、

4、電源變動(dòng)、等等干擾。,人手之靜電放電,幅射干擾,傳導(dǎo)干擾及電流諧波,The Three Elements三要素of an EMC Problem,Source雜訊源頭 Coupling Path傳輸路徑 Receiver接受者,EMI之三要素,雜訊源頭,傳輸路徑,接受者,Emissions發(fā)射,Susceptibility容忍度,Emission發(fā)射： 電磁干擾（EMI）之傳播，特別是radiated 及conducted之射頻干擾（RFI）。多數(shù)之國(guó)家只有管制此一部份,Susceptibility容忍度： 對(duì)於耐受性元件（Victims）有傷害之EMI效應(yīng)。如靜電放電ESD或其他電氣高壓。（

5、亦名Immunity；EMS）,Conduction & Radiation Sources Radio Transmitters, Emitters發(fā)射器 Motors電動(dòng)機(jī), Switches Engine Ignition Computers Natural Source: Lightning閃電 Electrostatic Discharge (靜電放電),Transfer or Coupling Mechanisms機(jī)制 Radiated, Antenna to antenna Wire-to-wire Conducted Common Ground Interconnecting

6、Cable,Receiving or Receptor Elements Radio Receivers Electronic Receptors Ammunition & Ordnance Human Beings Animals Plants,EMI之三要素,Source雜訊源頭 Coupling Path傳輸路徑 Receiver接受者,傳導(dǎo)Conducted,電磁能量可能以共?；虿钅Ｖ绞絺鲗?dǎo)。經(jīng)由電源線，接地導(dǎo)線，信號(hào)線，天線輸入端或其他低阻抗之路徑。在頻率30MHz以下傳導(dǎo)干擾之可能性極高。高於此頻率時(shí)，傳導(dǎo)干擾會(huì)受到很大之衰減，因此由其他之傳播方式來(lái)主導(dǎo)。,幅射Radiated,

7、當(dāng)頻率高於30MHz時(shí)，幅射變成是主要之傳播方式。有兩種形式之幅射發(fā)射器：意圖及非意圖。 1.意圖之發(fā)射器，例如廣播以及雷達(dá)，其會(huì)產(chǎn)生伴隨於其所發(fā)射信號(hào)之干擾幅射。這些可能以諧波或內(nèi)調(diào)變之方式直接隨同於其主要功能而產(chǎn)生。實(shí)際上廣播發(fā)射機(jī)也會(huì)同時(shí)幅射出寬頻雜訊。 2.非意圖之發(fā)射器，例如個(gè)人電腦或是thyristor驅(qū)動(dòng)器，干擾能量?jī)H是其隨其主要功能而依附產(chǎn)生。,EMI的危害,*A helicopter(直昇機(jī)) goes out of control when it flies too close to a radio tower. *You pick up CB(citizens band民

8、用波段) radio conversations談話on your stereo. *The airport(機(jī)場(chǎng)) radar interferes with your notebook computer display.,EMI的危害,*The clock on your VCR(Video Cas-sette Recorder 盒式磁帶錄象機(jī)) resets when your air conditioner kicks in. *Operating your vacuum cleaner(真空吸塵器)causes snow on your TV *The screen on your

9、video display jitters(抖動(dòng)) when the fluorescent lights(熒光燈) are on,EMI的危害,關(guān)切之範(fàn)圍,點(diǎn)火及爆炸損害 在頻譜之利用上 對(duì)主要電力供給系統(tǒng)造成之干擾 經(jīng)電機(jī)電子產(chǎn)品之誤動(dòng)作 在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸之安全性 非離子之幅射造成之生理影響,由社會(huì)進(jìn)步和科技發(fā)展,大量的電子產(chǎn)品,設(shè)備電磁干擾(EMI)無(wú)處不在!,如何控制EMI,Why EMC-design?,Non-EMC designs lead to * Customer dissatisfaction * Reduced market-share * Redesign/Retrofit

10、Simple design issues can become expensive problems * $1 in component cost - $1000 to retest - $10000 to fix field problem(s) * unpredictable $ - lost business,EMI之控制方法,EMC設(shè)計(jì)目的可以歸納如下： * 減少由電機(jī)電子產(chǎn)品中幅射之EMI強(qiáng)度 * 減少電機(jī)電子產(chǎn)品之弱點(diǎn)，使其不易受 存在於環(huán)境中之干擾所影響,EMI之控制方法,找到下列 三要素 中之兩者, 並排除或衰減其一 Source雜訊源頭 Coupling Path傳輸路徑 R

11、eceiver接受者,EMI之控制方法,雜訊源頭,傳輸路徑,接受者,控制Emissions 降低雜訊源之強(qiáng)度,控制Susceptibility 增加接受者之免疫力,降低傳輸效率,用來(lái)控制EMI之技術(shù)有,壓制以及濾波 屏蔽 接地及封閉 線路佈線之最佳化,最重要的就是要有良好的EMC設(shè)計(jì)。EMC設(shè)計(jì)不僅要處理產(chǎn)生自系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部之非意圖之能量，並且要處理來(lái)自於外界之能量射入系統(tǒng)中。 在EMC之系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)上，不論是電子或機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)皆同等重要。,國(guó)家管控方式 產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證,產(chǎn)品認(rèn)證,國(guó)家 1. 切實(shí)維護(hù)國(guó)家、社會(huì)和公眾利益 2. 保障人類健康和安全，動(dòng)植物生命和健 康，以及環(huán)境保護(hù)和公共安全 3. 只有符合法規(guī)要求

12、獲得認(rèn)證之產(chǎn)品才能進(jìn)入 市場(chǎng) 制造商 1. 打開并進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的護(hù)照 2. Reliability, Quality, and Customer Confidence,EMC 法規(guī)之分類,基礎(chǔ)法規(guī),通用法規(guī),產(chǎn)品類法規(guī),產(chǎn)品法規(guī),采用之測(cè)試規(guī)格,遵循順序,住宅，商業(yè)，輕工業(yè)環(huán)境,工業(yè)環(huán)境,EN50081-1(EMI法規(guī)) EN50082-1(EMS法規(guī)),EN50081-2(EMI法規(guī)) EN50082-2(EMS法規(guī)),EN55011 (ISM機(jī)器EMI法規(guī)) EN55022 (ITE 裝置EMI法規(guī)),適用于某特定產(chǎn)品,IEC 61000-4-2 靜電抗擾性測(cè)試法 IEC 61000-4-3

13、輻射電磁場(chǎng)抗擾性測(cè)試法 IEC 61000-4-4 電源雜訊抗擾性測(cè)試法,EMC/Safety Certification Scheme,Schedule is based on the EUT can comply with relative standard and no modification required.,EMC,SAFETY,USA FCC UL,Canada CSA CUL,Europe CE TUV,China CCC,Worldwide Certification Service,Japan VCCI JATE,Taiwan BSMI DGT,EMC Test Item

14、s Introduction,EMC 測(cè)試類型,EMC,騷擾性 量測(cè),抗擾性 測(cè)試,輻射性,傳導(dǎo)性,輻射性,傳導(dǎo)性,EMC Test Items List for ITE (Information Technology Equipment),EMC Test/Measurement有兩個(gè)重要之部份 1. 其量化了一固定程度，使一電子器材可在規(guī)定之範(fàn)圍上操作並且不會(huì)產(chǎn)生過(guò)量之EMI而造成其他電子器材之誤動(dòng)作 - 此為干擾性。 2. 前項(xiàng)之相反，其同樣量化一固定之程度，使一電子器材可在一定義之干擾環(huán)境中操作並且不會(huì)產(chǎn)生誤動(dòng)作 - 此為免疫性。,ITE資訊技術(shù)類產(chǎn)品之EMI測(cè)試項(xiàng)目,EN55022

15、Radiated Emission 輻射量測(cè) Purpose: To evaluate the levels of Radiated Emission interference signals generated by the EUT (Equipment Under Test). EN55022 Conducted Emission 傳導(dǎo)量測(cè) Purpose: To evaluate the levels of Conducted Emission interference signals generated by the EUT (Equipment Under Test).,ITE資訊技

16、術(shù)類產(chǎn)品之EMI測(cè)試項(xiàng)目,EN61000-3-2 Harmonics 諧波測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the levels of harmonic current disturbance generated by the EUT (Equipment Under Test) injecting into the public supply system. EN61000-3-3 Flicker 電壓閃動(dòng)測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the levels of Flicker disturbance generated by the EUT (Equipme

17、nt Under Test) injecting into the public supply system.,ITE資訊技術(shù)類產(chǎn)品之EMS測(cè)試,EN61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge 靜電放電測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the Immunity ability for equipment subjected to static electric discharges. EN61000-4-3 Radiated Susceptibility 電磁耐受測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the Immunity ability fo

18、r equipment subjected to RF interference . EN61000-4-4 Electrical Fast Transient 電源突波測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the Immunity ability for equipment subjected to repetitive Electrical Fast Transient Interference, such as interruption of inductive loads, relays, contactors, switchers.,ITE資訊技術(shù)類產(chǎn)品之EMS測(cè)試,EN6

19、1000-4-5 Surge 雷擊波測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the Immunity ability for equipment subjected to unidirectional Surge, such as Surges caused by switching events of capacitive loads, inductive loads and indirect lightning strokes(indirect) . EN61000-4-6 Conducted Susceptibility 傳導(dǎo)耐受測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate t

20、he Immunity ability for equipment subjected to Conducted Interference,ITE資訊技術(shù)類產(chǎn)品之EMS測(cè)試,EN61000-4-8 Power Magnetic Field 電源頻率磁場(chǎng)測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the Immunity ability for equipment subjected to magnetic disturbances at power frequency. Examples: Power lines, proximity to substations or transform

21、ers. EN61000-4-11 Voltage interruption/Dip/Variation電源變動(dòng)、瞬斷測(cè)試 Purpose: To evaluate the Immunity ability for equipment subjected to Voltage Dips, variation & short Interruptions Interference, Examples:Starting of motor, sudden change of load.,EMC Lab Introduction,EMC Test Setup,Lab Address,現(xiàn)在 B0區(qū)B2棟5

22、F 華南檢測(cè)中心內(nèi)部 將來(lái) D區(qū)D2棟4F 966 E區(qū)E11棟,Our Service Ability,EMC Measurement EMC Debugging EMC Design-in Consultancy Worldwide Certification Service,“ ” means currently available items. Others are planning to extend.,EMC Lab Test Items List (10 items existed),EN 55022 Conducted Emission 傳導(dǎo)量測(cè) Radiated Emissi

23、on 輻射量測(cè),EMC Test Items Site/Equipment Introduction- 1,Anechoic Chamber,Spectrum Agilent E7405A,Receiver R&S ESCS30,EN 61000-3-2 Harmonics 諧波測(cè)試 EN 61000-3-3 Flicker 電壓閃動(dòng)測(cè)試 EN 61000-4-8 Power Magnetic Field 電源頻率磁場(chǎng)測(cè)試,EMC Test Items Site/Equipment Introduction-2,Schaffner Profline2105-400 test system,EN

24、 61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge 靜電放電測(cè)試,EMC Test Items Site/Equipment Introduction-3,NoiseKen ESS2001,EN 61000-4-4 Electrical Fast Transient 電源突波測(cè)試 EN 61000-4-5 Surge 雷擊波測(cè)試 EN 61000-4-11 Voltage interruption/Dip 電源變動(dòng)、瞬斷測(cè)試,EMC Test Items Site/Equipment Introduction- 4,Schaffner NSG2050 test system,

25、On Going Extension Plan,Organize EMC/Safety service of all BUs. Resources sharing，Training Expand to include all CE test items. EN 61000-4 Series Test Safety test lab (IEC60950) Setup a Certified 10m Full range Anechoic Chamber and 3m standard Chamber,E11 Area= 2750m2 ( Three floors building ) 擴(kuò)充測(cè)試能

26、力至包含完整之CE法規(guī)項(xiàng)目 建立國(guó)際認(rèn)證級(jí)之標(biāo)準(zhǔn)10m法電波暗室 一座(10m Chamber) 可執(zhí)行資訊產(chǎn)品, 廣電產(chǎn)品, 家電產(chǎn)品, 通訊 產(chǎn)品. 之EMC量測(cè) National/International accreditation 取得 國(guó)際規(guī)範(fàn)之實(shí)驗(yàn)室認(rèn)證, CNAL, BSMI, NVLAP/USA, Datech, TUV, Nemko - ISO 17025 Quality System 完成無(wú)線電射頻電波暗室 RF Chamber Plan of year 2004 針對(duì)無(wú)線網(wǎng)卡, 藍(lán)芽裝置, 手機(jī)等通訊設(shè)備 Wireless Lan, Mobile, etc., 法規(guī)與型

27、式認(rèn)證 Type Approval Safety Lab 建立現(xiàn)場(chǎng)驗(yàn)證級(jí)之 安規(guī)實(shí)驗(yàn)室 - Jul, 2004 (ULs WTDP),B2-5F Area= 100m2 Capable for EMC Pre_scan & Debugging / Design verification 3m(7mx4mx3m) compact size anechoic chamber Facilitated with ESD/ EFT/ Surge/ Harmonics/ Flicker test equipments,D2-4F Area= 240m2 建立認(rèn)證級(jí)之標(biāo)準(zhǔn)3m法波暗室一座 ( 3m Cham

28、ber, compliant with FCC, CCC ) Standard 3m (9mx6mx6m) size anechoic chamber for radiated emission measurement - 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電磁干擾量測(cè)之 3m 法電波暗室 Shielded control room size 9m x 3.5m x 3.5m Immunity/Susceptibility test Pre-compliance of ESD/EFT/Surge test,Foxconn LongHua Industrial Park,Built on Dec, 2001,Expandin

29、g Sep, 2004,Expanding May, 2004,On Going Expansion Plan,華南最完整之商規(guī)EMC/RF實(shí)驗(yàn)室 Best EMC/RF Lab of South China,EMC Laboratory/ 10m Chamber allocation,New,- Chamber Manufacturer,- Equipment Manufacturer,Structure of 966 Chamber,We are here now,On Going Expanding Plan,無(wú)線介面量測(cè)測(cè)試系統(tǒng)：可執(zhí)行Bluetooth射頻規(guī)格V0.9版測(cè)試、支援所有

30、16項(xiàng)RF測(cè)試方案 、測(cè)試模式利用無(wú)線訊號(hào)執(zhí)行,EMC、Safety、Wireless、SAR,Expand to Include all of the EMS test Items IEC/EN 61000-4 Series Test 10m Full-Range EMI Anechoic-Chamber Fully Compliance EMI Facility 11mx7mx7m RF measurement Full-Anechoic Chamber For Wireless Lan、Bluetooth、Transceiver RF measurement Safety Lab / F

31、acility / SAR measurement International Accreditation / NVLAP ISO 17025 Quality System,Wireless Lan、 802.11、Bluetooth、RF measurement、Mobil device、SAR Measurement,NVLAP Accreditation,WorldWide Regulatory Application,SAR Measurement Facility,RF Chamber,10m EMI Chamber,EMI Chamber Equipments,RS Chamber

32、 for Radiated Susceptibility test & Power Amplifier,EMS Facilities,量測(cè)儀器,On Going Extension Plan,EMS Test System Audio and Video R&S TS9980 + TV-Mon Refer to Standard: CISPR20, EN55020, VDE0872 For automatic measurement of the electromagnetic susceptibility of sound and TV broadcast receivers, satell

33、ite receivers and DVB receivers, such as analog sound broadcast receivers, FM/AM(mono/stereo), CD Players, TV(PAL/NTSC/SECAM). 自動(dòng)測(cè)量電視和聲音廣播接收機(jī)以及錄影機(jī), 包括: 游戲機(jī), 電視卡類產(chǎn)品之電磁耐受量測(cè),R&S EMC Test Systems and Projects,R&S Test System TS9976, TS9975, TS9980, TS9982,TS9980,Rohde & Schwarz is a European company for

34、 T&M and communications equipment which is active and successful in many international markets.,EMS Test System R&S TS9982 Refer to Standard: EN61000-4-3/6 & CISPR20/24, ESTI 301 489-1(GSM, CDMA, Bluetooth) For automatic measurement of immunity of electronic product (such as ITE) to conducted and ra

35、diated RFI 用於測(cè)試電子產(chǎn)品(如ITE)對(duì)於外來(lái)的傳導(dǎo)和幅射干擾的電磁耐受.,EMI Test System R&S TS9975 Refer to Standard: CISPR11/22, EN55011/22, ANSI-C63.4, FCC 15/18, VDE0872-0879 All EMI measurements of Radiated and Conducted emission measurement, and spurious emission of mobile product 用於電子產(chǎn)品, 如ITE類產(chǎn)品之傳導(dǎo)和幅射干擾的全部EMI測(cè)量.,TS9975,On Going Expansion Plan,CMU200 Universal Radio Communication Tester THE tester for current and future Mobile Radio N