1、倒裝(全部倒裝和部分倒裝),1.全部倒裝(Full Inversion), 又稱主謂倒裝 (Subject-verb Inversion)。 例如: Here are some letters for you. Down poured the rain. Into the coach scrambled the children. 2.部分倒裝(Partial Inversion), 又稱主語(yǔ)與助動(dòng)詞/晴態(tài) 動(dòng)詞倒裝(Subject-operator Inversion)。 例如：Never have I heard such nonsense. Only today did I learn

2、the dreadful news. .,全部倒裝句的具體用法,1.用于由here, there, now, then 等副詞引導(dǎo)的句子，通常稱作把時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提前的倒裝句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常跟在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)之后。 例如： Then came a new development that had a far- reaching effects. Now comes your turn. Once upon a time, there lived a man known by the name of Joe Beef. 鞏固練習(xí): There _. And here _. A. goes

3、 the phone; she come B. is the phone going; is she C. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she,全部倒裝句的具體用法,2.在帶有助動(dòng)詞“ be ”的句子中，動(dòng)詞-ing和-ed形式可移至句首，主語(yǔ)移至“ be ”后面，形成全部倒裝。 例如： Running across it is a stream. Buried in the sands was an ancient village. Walking at the head of the line was o

4、ur teacher. Such was the story he told me. 鞏固練習(xí): 1. _, a man of achievements, deep thoughts, but with simple habits.A. Einstein was suchB. Such was EinsteinC. Einstein was so D. So was Einstein 2. _ are the days when teachers were looked down upon.A. GoneB. GoC. To goD. Going,全部倒裝句的具體用法,3.為了使描寫(xiě)的景象更生

5、動(dòng),常把擬聲詞或away, in, out, up 等狀語(yǔ)放在句首,從而引起主謂全部倒裝。 例如： Down it fell from the apple tree. The door opened. In rushed the crowd. Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy. 鞏固練習(xí): Out _, with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed heC. he rushedD. he did rush _ from the top of the building when

6、the policeman pointed the gun at him.A. Jumped down the robberB. Jumped the robber downC. Down jumped the robberD. Down the robber jumped,全部倒裝句的具體用法,4.當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常將狀語(yǔ)放在句首，主謂全部倒裝使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡，避免頭重腳輕。 例如： Faint grow the sound of the bell. At the end of the kaleidoscope are two plates, one made of the gl

7、ass and the other of ground glass.,全部倒裝句的具體用法,5.用于表示祝愿的句型。 例如： May you live a long and happy life ! Long live the Peoples Republic of China !,部分倒裝句的具體用法,1.句首是否定詞或帶有否定意義的詞語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用部分倒裝。 例如： Not a single book did he read that month. Under no circumstances shall we cancel the party. 常用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的詞或短語(yǔ)有：never, se

8、ldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, not until, by no means, under no circumstances, under no condition, in no way(決不), in no case(決不), neither (nor), no sooner(than), hardly(when), barely(僅僅，幾乎不), on no account, not a bit, nowhere, not onlybut also,鞏固練習(xí) 1 Hardly _ the airport when the plane took

9、 off.A. I had arrived atB. had I arrived C. had I reached D. I had got to 2 Have you ever seen anything like that before?No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seen C. never have I seenD. I have seen 3 _himself wrong, but his friends were wrong.A. Not was only heB. Not o

10、nly heC. Not only was heD. Not only was,Not until放在句首,從句不倒裝,主句倒裝 Not until last week did they find the lost bike. (簡(jiǎn)單句)Not until my son had entered the university did he realize the importance of time. (復(fù)合句)鞏固練習(xí): Not until the early years of the 19th century _ know what heat is. A. man didB. manC. d

11、idnt manD. did man Not until I began to work _ realize how much time I had wasted.A. didnt IB. did IC. I didntD. I,部分倒裝句的具體用法,2. 句首是 only 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 需要部分倒裝。 例如： Only in this way can we solve the problem. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work. (從句) Only then did I re

12、alize the importance of math. Only you can overcome the difficulty.常用短語(yǔ)還有：only by chance, only then, only with difficulty, only on a rare occasion 等等。,鞏固練習(xí):1. _ can you expect to get a rise. A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard 2. Only when the mee

13、ting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able toD. was able to he 3. Only when your identity has been checked, _. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed inC. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in 4. Only under special circumstances _to take make-u

14、p tests. A are freshmen permitted B freshmen are permittedC permitted are freshmen,部分倒裝句的具體用法,3. sothat 結(jié)構(gòu)中的 so 置于句首時(shí)，需要部分倒裝。 例如： So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. So proud was he that he never listened to any advice. 句首是 to such a degree / extent, to such a ex

15、treme, to such a length, to such a point, with every justification, with good reason 等狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子需要部分倒裝。 To such a degree was he excited that he couldnt go to sleep that night.,部分倒裝句的具體用法,4. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞(短語(yǔ))開(kāi)頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如: Many a time has John given me good advice

16、. Often have we entered for the high jump.鞏固練習(xí): Many a time _ bowling alone.A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy goD. did go the boy,部分倒裝句的具體用法,5.用于以 neither, nor 開(kāi)始的省略句，表示 “也不” ；用于以 so 開(kāi)始的省略句，表示 “也如此” 。 例如： I dont care for sweet. Neither do I. Im not very fond of carrots. Nor am I. I enjo

17、yed the play and so did my sisters. 如果后一句是表示對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的肯定或確認(rèn),so 表“確實(shí)”時(shí)，則不倒裝。 -John studies hard. - So he does. Mary is very kind. So she is.,鞏固練習(xí): 1.I like boxing and _ my brother.A. so doesB. so isC. so canD. so likes 2. The doctor told Charlie to breathe deeply and _.A. so did Charlie B. Charlie did so

18、 C. Charlie does soD. did Charlie so 3. So loudly _ that _ hear her clearly.A. did she speak; could everyone B. did she speak; everyone couldC. she spoke; could everyone D. she spoke; everyone could,部分倒裝句的具體用法,6. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，從句須倒裝，即把表語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)或謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在as之前。 Try as he might, he didnt pass the exam. =Though h

19、e might try, he didnt pass the exam. Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them. Old as they were, they stuck on working 注意：如果單數(shù)名詞或形容詞最高級(jí)作表語(yǔ)，則不用冠詞。,Though he is a child, he knows lots of things. (用as 改變句子) =Child as he is, he knows lots of things. True or false The youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best（） 鞏固練習(xí): 1. _, hes honest.A. As he is poorB. Poor is he C. Poor a