1、第三章 管理環(huán)境、社會(huì)責(zé)任和管理道德,第一節(jié) 管理與環(huán)境,管理的外部環(huán)境,外部環(huán)境 一般環(huán)境 經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境 政治和法律環(huán)境 社會(huì)文化環(huán)境 科技環(huán)境 全球化環(huán)境 具體環(huán)境 顧客 供應(yīng)商 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者 當(dāng)?shù)卣?內(nèi)部環(huán)境 組織運(yùn)行條件 組織文化 表層：廠容、廠貌、廠歌、廠旗、產(chǎn)品形象 中層：規(guī)章制度、組織結(jié)構(gòu) 深層：沉淀于組織及職工心里的意識(shí)形態(tài)、道德規(guī)范、價(jià)值標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和行為準(zhǔn)則,穩(wěn)定而簡(jiǎn)單的環(huán)境 動(dòng)蕩而簡(jiǎn)單的環(huán)境 穩(wěn)定而復(fù)雜的環(huán)境 動(dòng)蕩而復(fù)雜的環(huán)境,第二節(jié) 社會(huì)責(zé)任與管理的道德,只有當(dāng)企業(yè)不濫用我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序所賦予它的自由，既只有當(dāng)私有企業(yè)與公眾利益能始終協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展時(shí)，我們才有機(jī)會(huì)長(zhǎng)期確保我們經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序的合法性和

2、公認(rèn)性。 Horst Steinmann 正義是社會(huì)制度的首要價(jià)值，正像真理是思想的首要價(jià)值一樣。一種理論，無(wú)論它多么精致和簡(jiǎn)潔，只要它不真實(shí)，就必須加以拒絕或修正；同樣，某些法律制度，不管它們?nèi)绾斡行屎陀袟l理，只要它們不正義，就必須加以改造或廢除。 John Rawls,社會(huì)責(zé)任的兩種相反的觀點(diǎn),古典觀：管理的責(zé)任就是按股東（stockholder）的利益來(lái)來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)財(cái)務(wù)收益率。 社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)觀：管理的責(zé)任是按照利益相關(guān)者（stakeholder）的利益來(lái)經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)最低生活保障、就業(yè)、環(huán)境、稅收、平等。,階段1 所有者與管理層,階段2 雇員,階段3 具體環(huán)境中的各種成分,階段4 更廣闊的社會(huì),小

3、,大,What is social responsibility?,The classic view: The view that managements only social responsibility is to maximize profits. Milton Friedman. The socioeconomic view: the view that managements social responsibility goes beyond making profits to include protecting and improving societys welfare. C

4、orporations are not independent entities responsible only to stockholder, but to the larger society that endorses their creation through various laws and regulations and supports them by purchasing their products and services. Business organizations are not merely economic institutions. They are bec

5、oming more and more involved in social, political, and legal issues. Social responsibility: a business firms obligation, beyond that required by law and economics, to pursue long-term goals that are good for society.,We believe our first responsibility is to the doctors, nurses and patients,to mothe

6、rs and fathers and all others who use our products and services.In meeting their needs everything we do must be of high quality.We must constantly strive to reduce our costsin order to maintain reasonable prices.Customers orders must be serviced promptly and accurately.Our suppliers and distributors

7、 must have an opportunityto make a fair profit.,Our Credo,We are responsible to our employees,the men and women who work with us throughout the world.Everyone must be considered as an individual.We must respect their dignity and recognize their merit.They must have a sense of security in their jobs.

8、Compensation must be fair and adequate,and working conditions clean, orderly and safe.We must be mindful of ways to help our employees fulfilltheir family responsibilities.Employees must feel free to make suggestions and complaints.There must be equal opportunity for employment, developmentand advan

9、cement for those qualified.We must provide competent management,and their actions must be just and ethical. .,We are responsible to the communities in which we live and workand to the world community as well.We must be good citizens support good works and charitiesand bear our fair share of taxes.We

10、 must encourage civic improvements and better health and education.We must maintain in good orderthe property we are privileged to use,protecting the environment and natural resources. Our final responsibility is to our stockholders.Business must make a sound profit.We must experiment with new ideas

11、.Research must be carried on, innovative programs developedand mistakes paid for.New equipment must be purchased, new facilities providedand new products launched.Reserves must be created to provide for adverse times.When we operate according to these principles,the stockholders should realize a fair return,責(zé)任同心圓,基本職責(zé)，如利潤(rùn)、產(chǎn)品、質(zhì)量、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng),在執(zhí)行基本職能時(shí)對(duì)社會(huì)價(jià)值觀和優(yōu)先權(quán)的變化采取負(fù)責(zé)任的態(tài)度，如環(huán)境保護(hù)、雇員關(guān)系、公平、信息透明,新出現(xiàn)的還不明確的責(zé)任，企業(yè)必須保證越來(lái)越多地參與到改善社會(huì)環(huán)境的活動(dòng)中來(lái)。,案例：任志強(qiáng)的“房地產(chǎn)商只給富人蓋房”案例：如果將網(wǎng)絡(luò)PK變成雷峰叔叔？案例：何鴻燊 的葡京,什么是社會(huì)責(zé)任？ 社會(huì)責(zé)任是企業(yè)家的真心希望？還是僅僅是一種姿態(tài)