1、,Chang shou Middle School Pan Xing,賓語(yǔ)從句 The Object Clause,一：定義,一個(gè)句子作為一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句，叫做賓語(yǔ)從句,句子分為：一般疑問(wèn)句，陳述句，特殊疑問(wèn)句。,賓語(yǔ)從句由下面詞引導(dǎo)： 1.that引導(dǎo)陳述句 2.If，whether引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句。 3.特殊疑問(wèn)句作為賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，特殊疑問(wèn)詞就是引導(dǎo)詞,賓語(yǔ)從句三要點(diǎn),一、語(yǔ)序 二、引導(dǎo)詞 三、時(shí)態(tài),一.陳序句作為賓語(yǔ)從句。（這時(shí)用that 引導(dǎo)，that可以省略）,EG:把下面兩個(gè)句子合并一個(gè)句子。,Tom is from Japan.,I say (that) Tom is from

2、 Japan .,把下面的句子合并成一個(gè)句子。,He knows,The USA is a developed country .,He knows that the USA is a developed country .,I say,二。 一般疑問(wèn)句作為賓語(yǔ)從句。（這時(shí)用if/whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)，并且把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序變成陳序語(yǔ)序）,I want to know,Will they fly to Beijin .,I want to know if /whether they will fly to Beijin.,三。特殊疑問(wèn)句作為賓語(yǔ)從句。（這時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)詞就是引導(dǎo)詞，也要把疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序變成陳序語(yǔ)

3、序。）,I want to know,When will we have the meeting.,I want to know when we will have the meeting .,什么是陳序語(yǔ)序呢？什么是疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序呢？請(qǐng)看下面的講解。,My name is My favorite sport is I am I speak/have/like I can play,Are you? Can you play? Do you do? Where are you? What can you do? How do you do?,-,-,結(jié)構(gòu)比較,陳述語(yǔ)序,疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序,特殊疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序,句子的

4、兩種語(yǔ)序: 1.陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)叫陳述語(yǔ)序 賓語(yǔ)從句必須用陳述句語(yǔ)序 2 疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)叫疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序,將下列句子改成陳述句語(yǔ)序： 1.Is there a bank near here? 2.Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3.Are they doing homework?,There is a bank near here,It is on Fifth Avenue,They are doing homework,4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a unifo

5、rm?,she works in a hospital,you went to Center Park,we have to wear a uniform,we can wear hats in school,7.Can we wear hats in school?,Wheres your pen pal from? Where does he live? What language does she speak? Why do you like pandas?,Where your pen pal is from,Where he lives,What language she speak

6、s,Why you like pandas?,1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.,賓語(yǔ)從句的類型,練一練,1.This is a book. 2.You like singing. 3.He worked last night. 4.They will go home. 5.Jim h

7、as been to Beijing. 6.She sings well.,用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句: 1. I know 2. She says 3. Tell your friend,（that）,2. 如果是一般疑問(wèn)句作為賓語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)由if或whether引導(dǎo)。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如： I want to know Does he live there? I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me could I help him ？ He asked me whether (if)

8、I could help him.,練一練,1.Is he reading ? 2.Do you get up at six? 3.Does Tom work hard? 4.Did you watch TV ? 5.Will they read books ? 6.Can you sing ?,用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)從句: 1.Do you know ?.I want to know ?.The teacher asks ,if/whether,2.如果賓語(yǔ)從句為一般疑問(wèn)句，用連詞if或Whether。 1)I wonder if (whether) he will help me .

9、 注意在下列情況下一般用whether,而不用if . .,I am interested in whether hell go to have a picnic,作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whether，而不用if.,Whether this is true or not , I am not sure .,whether 引導(dǎo)的從句可移到主句之前而if不能。,We didnt know whether or not she had come .,后面緊接or not時(shí)，只用whether.,Please let me know if you like it . (“請(qǐng)告訴我你是否喜歡”或“如果你喜

10、歡，請(qǐng)告訴我”。),用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，只用whether .,3. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I dont know why the train is late.,練一練,

11、What is this ? What are you doing ? Where do you live ? When does he get up ? How did you go to work? Who will you play with?,用以下開頭與下列句子連成賓語(yǔ)句: 1.Do you know ?.I want to know ?. Can you tell me ?. The man asked,2.當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)候，賓語(yǔ)從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某一種時(shí)態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xia

12、n . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明的是客觀存在的事實(shí)或者是客觀存在的真理時(shí)，就不用受到主句時(shí)態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . Th

13、e PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health .,1.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來(lái)使用需要的任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。 e.g （1）I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . （2）I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . （3）I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . （4）I hear ( that ) he is intere

14、sted in English .,賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)的變化,will be,goes,were playing,have returned,had been,travels,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng

15、told me he _ to Beijing several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do),wrote,moves,has taken,had been,rises,did,A: What is Peter doing now? Do you know?,B: I know (that) _ _ _ now.,Peter is,fishing,Peter: Im fishing

16、now.,A: What did Peter say?,B: He said (that )_ _ _.,he was fishing,Look at the pictures,Kate: Is Mary reading an English book?,A: What did Kate ask? B: She asked _ _ _ _ an English book.,Mary was,reading,if/ whether,賓 語(yǔ) 從 句 小 結(jié),一.結(jié)構(gòu) 1. 當(dāng)陳述句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 結(jié)構(gòu):主句+引導(dǎo)詞that + 主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)部分 2. 當(dāng)一般疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu):主句+ if(

17、whether) +主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)部分 3.當(dāng) 特殊疑問(wèn)句作賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí),結(jié)構(gòu):主句+特殊疑問(wèn)詞+主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)部分 二主從時(shí)態(tài)關(guān)系 主句的時(shí)態(tài) 從句的時(shí)態(tài) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 根據(jù)需要確定時(shí)態(tài)（根據(jù)從句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)） 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 改為相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) 3.(特殊):當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句講述的客觀真理或者自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，不管主句是什么時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 三.語(yǔ)序：陳述語(yǔ)序 當(dāng)一般疑問(wèn)句或者特殊疑問(wèn)句作為一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，疑問(wèn)語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該改為陳述語(yǔ)序,四。If 和when 分別引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句不同點(diǎn)。,1.If 既可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句又可以引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。,a. If 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意思為“如果”，這時(shí)

18、從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。,Eg: If it rains tomorrow ,we will not have PE class.,b. If 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，意思為“是否”，這時(shí)從句的時(shí)態(tài)受主句的時(shí)態(tài)影響，也是就是說(shuō)主句是一般時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句根據(jù)從句的時(shí)間標(biāo)志確定時(shí)態(tài)，如果是主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語(yǔ)從句改為相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。,Eg: (1) I dont know if it will rain tomorrow .（這時(shí)用的是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)） (2) Tom wanted to know if Lucy had been to Wuhan before . (這時(shí)用的是過(guò)去完成時(shí)

19、態(tài)）,練習(xí):(用正確時(shí)態(tài)填空),1. I want to know if they _(hold) the spring sports meeting next month . If they -_(hold) it ,I will get ready it .,Will hold,hold,2. When 既可以引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句又可以引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,a . When 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意思為“什么時(shí)間、時(shí)候”，這時(shí)根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)確定。,Eg .1. Do you know when Tom will come back home next week .(主句用的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句用的一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài))

20、 2. Did you know when Tom would come back home next week . (主句有個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，從句改為相應(yīng)的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。）,b. When 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意思為“當(dāng)什么時(shí)候”，這時(shí)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。,When he comes back tomorrow, I will let you know .,練習(xí)：,( )1.DO you know _? Yes, he came here on a train . A. when he came here B. if he will come here C. why he cam

21、e here D. how he came here ( )2. I dont know when he _ ,when he _tomorrow, Ill let you know. A. comes ,comes B. will come, comes C. comes ,will come D. will come, will come,D,B,練一練,( )1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she

22、lived ( )2. Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where would he play football C. if had he seen the film D. why he didnt watch the game ( ) 3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which ( )4. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. t

23、hat his name is D. what his name is,D,D,B,D,( ) 5. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave ( ) 6.-We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from ( ) 7. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what will Tom d