1、2019年12月英語四級考試翻譯真題及答案解析三套整翻譯：中國家庭十分重視孩子的教育。許多父母認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育。他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時(shí)間督促他們學(xué)習(xí)。多數(shù)家長希望孩子能上名牌大學(xué)。由于改革開放，越來越多的家長能送孩子到國外學(xué)習(xí)或參加國際交流項(xiàng)目，讓其拓寬視野。通過這些努力，他們期待孩子健康成長，為國家的發(fā)展和繁榮做出貢獻(xiàn)?！緟⒖挤段摹緾hinese families attach due importance to childrens education. Numerous parents deem that they should work h

2、ard to ensure that their children are well educated. Not only are they very willing to invest in their childrens education, but they also spend a lot of time urging them to learn. The great majority of parents expect that their children are able to go to prestigious universities. As a result of the

3、reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange projects, so as to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity o

4、f the country.【解析】：這一篇翻譯的主題是中國家庭教育觀念，篇章中主要考察狀語以及賓語從句的翻譯。(1)中國家庭十分重視孩子的教育。【解析】此為主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，十分重視：attach due importance to 【參考答案】 Chinese families attach due importance to childrens education.(2)許多父母認(rèn)為應(yīng)該努力工作，確保孩子受到良好的教育?！窘馕觥恐髡Z：許多父母;謂語動(dòng)詞：認(rèn)為;賓語：“應(yīng)該努力工作”，此處賓語為含有動(dòng)作的句子，翻譯為賓語從句，注意從句需要補(bǔ)充從句中的主語“they”。句子后半句處理為不定式“to

5、 do”【參考答案】Numerous parents deem that they should work hard to ensure that their children are well educated.(3)他們不僅非常情愿為孩子的教育投資，而且花很多時(shí)間督促他們學(xué)習(xí)?！窘馕觥砍霈F(xiàn)“不僅而且”, 選擇“not onlybut also”處理，可以將not only提前，將句子處理為半倒裝。 花時(shí)間做某事：spend time (on / in) doing sth. 情愿：bewilling to;投資：investin;督促：push/urge 【參考答案】Not only ar

6、e they very willing to invest in their childrens education, but they also spend a lot of time urging them to learn.(4)多數(shù)家長希望孩子能上名牌大學(xué)?！窘馕觥恐髡Z：多數(shù)家長;謂語動(dòng)詞：希望;賓語為“孩子能上名牌大學(xué)”處理為賓語從句。多數(shù)：most / the great majority of; 名牌大學(xué)：prestigious universities.【參考答案】The great majority of parents expect that their children

7、are able to go to prestigious universities.(5)由于改革開放，越來越多的家長能送孩子到國外學(xué)習(xí)或參加國際交流項(xiàng)目，讓其拓寬視野?！窘馕觥看司渥佑袃蓚€(gè)狀語成分，其中“由于改革開放”是原因狀語，處理為“due to”或“as a result of”;“讓其拓寬視野”是結(jié)果狀語，處理為so as to broaden their horizons.改革開放：the reform and opening up; 國外學(xué)習(xí)：study abroad;參加國際交流項(xiàng)目：participate in international exchange projects

8、【參考答案】As a result of the reform and opening up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange projects, so as to broaden their horizons.(6)通過這些努力，他們期待孩子健康成長，為國家的發(fā)展和繁榮做出貢獻(xiàn)。【解析】期待某人做某事：expect sb. to do sth; 注意此處“健康”處理為副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞“成長”;為做貢獻(xiàn)：

9、contribute to【參考答案】Through these efforts, they expect their children to grow up healthily and contribute to the development and prosperity of the country.翻譯中國漢族人的全名由姓和名組成。中文姓名的特點(diǎn)是,姓總是在前,名跟在其后,千百年來,父姓一直世代相傳。然而,如今,孩子跟母親姓并不罕見。一般來說,名有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)漢字通常承載父母對孩子的愿望。從孩子的名字可以推斷出父母希望孩子成為什么樣的人,或者預(yù)期他們過什么樣的生活。父母非常重視給孩子取名

10、,因?yàn)槊滞鶗殡S孩子一生。【參考答案】The full name of Chinas Han ethnic people is composed of their family name and given name. The characteristic of Chinese names is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, paternal family names have been passed down from generat

11、ion to generation. Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for children to follow the maternal surname. Generally speaking, the given name contains one or two Chinese characters, usually carrying the parents wishes for their children. From the childs name, we can infer what kind of person the parents

12、want their children to be, or what kind of life they expect them to live. Parents attach due importance to naming their children, in that names often accompany their childrens whole life.【解析】(1)中國漢族人的全名由姓和名組成?！窘馕觥浚褐髡Z：中國漢族人的全名，中國漢族人處理為介詞短語，The full name of Chinas Han ethnic people，注意動(dòng)詞組成compose需要使用被動(dòng)

13、語態(tài)姓：family name / surname 名：given name【參考答案】：The full name of Chinas Han ethnic people is composed of their family name and given name.(2)中文姓名的特點(diǎn)是，姓總是在前，名跟在其后，千百年來，父姓一直世代相傳?！窘馕觥浚壕渥訛橹飨当斫Y(jié)構(gòu)，“姓總是在前，名跟在其后”處理為表語從句，用that進(jìn)行引導(dǎo)，注意此處that不可省略世代相傳：相傳翻譯為pass down，世代相傳意為“一代一代傳下來”，處理為from generation to generation.注

14、意時(shí)態(tài)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。【參考答案】：The characteristic of Chinese name is that the family name always comes first, followed by the given name. For thousands of years, paternal family names have been passed down from generation to generation.(3)然而，如今，并不罕見。【解析】：孩子跟母親姓,是句子的主語，出現(xiàn)主語從句并且謂語動(dòng)詞較短的情況，使用it is形式主語句型跟母姓可

15、以處理為follow the maternal surname或follow the mothers family name【參考答案】：Nowadays, however, it is not uncommon for children to follow the maternal surname.(4)一般來說，名有一個(gè)或兩個(gè)漢字，通常承載父母對孩子的愿望。【解析】：兩個(gè)逗號隔開的小短句，觀察是同一個(gè)主語發(fā)出兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，可以將一個(gè)處理為主句的謂語動(dòng)詞the given name contains one or two Chinese characters，另一個(gè)處理為doing/done的非

16、謂語分句carrying the parents wishes for their children。【參考答案】：Generally speaking, the given name contains one or two Chinese characters, usually carrying the parents wishes for their children.(5)從孩子的名字可以推斷出父母希望孩子成為什么樣的人，或者預(yù)期他們過什么樣的生活?！窘馕觥浚哼@一句需要特別注意，“從孩子的名字”并不是句子的主語，而是狀語成分，判斷的方法很簡單：“推斷”這個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞不是由“孩子的名字”發(fā)出

17、的，而是由“人們”發(fā)出的，因此句子需要補(bǔ)充主語we;句子的賓語是兩個(gè)從句：孩子成為什么樣的人，或者預(yù)期他們過什么樣的生活。分別用what kind of person與what kind of life 翻譯。【參考答案】：From the childs name, we can infer what kind of person the parents want their children to be, or what kind of life they expect them to live.(6)父母非常重視給孩子起名，因?yàn)槊滞鶗殡S孩子一生。【解析】：重視：attach due

18、importance to;起名：可以直接用name作為動(dòng)詞，表示起名、命名;句子的后部分是原因狀語從句，用because或in that引導(dǎo)。【參考答案】：Parents attach due importance to naming their children, in that names often accompany their childrens whole life.另一份【參考答案】The full name of Chinas Han ethnic group(people) is composed of family name( surname)and given name

19、. One characteristic of the Chinese name is that the family name is always put before the given name. For thousands of years, the paternal surname( the fathers family name) has been passed down through generations. However, it is not uncommon now for a child to have the maternal surname(the mothers

20、family name). Generally speaking, a given name contains one or two Chinese characters, which carries the parents hope for the kid. Therefore, its easy to infer from the name what kind of person the parents expect their child to be, or what kind of life to lead.Parents attach great importance to naming their kid as it will be his or her lifelong company.翻譯：中國的家庭觀念與其文化傳統(tǒng)有關(guān)。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羨慕。過去四代同堂并不少見。由于這個(gè)傳統(tǒng),許多年輕人婚后繼續(xù)與父母同住。今天,這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)正在改變,隨著住房條件的改善,越來越多年輕夫婦選擇與父母分開住。但他們之間的聯(lián)系仍然很密切。許多老年人仍然幫著照看孫輩