1、數(shù)量、倍數(shù)的表示,Fundamentals and New Concepts for ElectronicsTelecommunications,How to translate these sentences?,Wire A is twice as long as wire B. Light waves are 2,000 to 10,000 times longer than X-ray waves. The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last y

2、ear.,數(shù)字的表示,約定俗成的規(guī)則 : 句首不用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字，一般用英語(yǔ)的單詞，句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字； 遇到分?jǐn)?shù)，可用帶連字符號(hào)的單詞表示。,不確定數(shù)字的表示,大約、左右，常用about、some、approximately、of the order of、more or less、or so等詞。 多于，常用over、above，more than、in excess of等詞。 少于，常用less than、under、below、close to等詞。 以復(fù)數(shù)形式表示，如tens、dozens、scores、hundreds、thousands of、thousands upon

3、thousands of 等。,例句,The microwave communication channel has a very large bandwidth and will accommodate thousands of telephone conversations or dozens of television channels at once.,The gain of the voltage follower with the feedback loop closed is unity.,The result indicated that actual error probab

4、ilities were of the order of 1 percent.,某些表示數(shù)量的詞或詞組,if f(t) is even and we multiply it by the odd function. Evaluation of any one term involves multiplying each signal sample value by a factor of the term cosT.,How to translate these sentences?,倍數(shù)的增加(1),A is n times as +形容詞/副詞+as B A is n times +比較級(jí)

5、+than B A is n times +the 名詞 of B,Wire A is twice as long as wire B. Light waves are 2,000 to 10,000 times longer than X-ray waves. This high voltage DC converter is 9 times the weigh of that.,翻譯為：A是B的n倍，即比B大（長(zhǎng)、多）n-1倍,once表示一倍， twice或double表示兩倍， thrice、treble表示三倍。 Quadruple表示四倍。 n times/n-fold 例如：Th

6、eefficiencyofthemachineshasbeenmorethantrebledorquadrupled 這些機(jī)器的效率已提高了2倍或3倍多。,倍數(shù)的增加（2）,increase to n times increase n times /n-fold increase by n times increase by a factor of n 翻譯為：增加到n倍，即增加n-1倍 increase也常用其他表示有增加意義的詞代替，如raise、grow、go、step up、multiply等。,The production of integrated circuits has bee

7、n increased to three times as compared with last year. The sensibility of this type of radio was increased by twice. The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four. Since the voltage is raised one hundred-fold, the current drops by the same proportion to one-hundredth.,倍數(shù)的增加（3）,“a +n times

8、(n-fold)+有增加意義的名詞”,譯為“增加了n-1倍”,There is a two times increase of our institutes students as compared with last year.,倍數(shù)的增加（4）特殊用法！,A is as much (large, long ) again as B. A比B多（大，長(zhǎng)）1倍。 （即兩倍） The peak power is again as great as the carrier power. A比B多（大，長(zhǎng)）1半。（即一倍半） A is half as much (large, long ) agai

9、n as B,與漢語(yǔ)不同的是：英語(yǔ)在表述或比較倍數(shù)時(shí)，無(wú)論使用什么句型（除了不含倍數(shù)詞的again句型之外）都包括基礎(chǔ)倍數(shù)在內(nèi)，因此都不是凈增或凈減n倍，而是凈增或凈減n-1倍。,倍數(shù)的減少,“系動(dòng)詞+n times +比較級(jí)+than” “a n times less than”結(jié)構(gòu) “A is n times as small (light, slow) as B” R1 is 3 times less than R2. The emitter series resistance is a four times less than the collector one. The hydrog

10、en atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom.,倍數(shù)的減少,譯為：減少到1/n或：減少(n-1)/n。 有減少意義的動(dòng)詞 +n times n times as much as by n times by a factor of n 不定冠詞+有減少意義的名詞+by a factor of n “ a n times (n-fold) reduction”,例句,The length of laser tube was reduced ten times. The weight of the new typewriter is r

11、educed three times as light as that of the old one. The bandwidth was reduced by two times. The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5. The principal advantage of the electronic products is a two-fold reduction in weight.,百分?jǐn)?shù)增減的表示法與譯法,（1）表示增減意義的動(dòng)詞 例 The output value has increased 35%. （2）表示增減意義的動(dòng)詞by 例 The prime cost decreased by 60%. （3）表示減少意義的動(dòng)詞to+% (表示減少后剩余的數(shù)量) 例 By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.,百分?jǐn)?shù)增減的表示法與譯法,（4） 比較級(jí) than (表示凈增減的數(shù)量) 例 Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year. （5）a + % + increase (表示凈增數(shù)) 例 There i