1、,定語(yǔ)從句,Arttibutive Clause,定語(yǔ)從句,概念:在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞 的句子.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,形容詞作定語(yǔ),句子作定語(yǔ),修飾girl, 叫做定語(yǔ)從句,1.The man is a farmer.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.,Mary is a girl.,Mary

2、has long hair.,合并為一個(gè)句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語(yǔ)從句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,which, who, whom, whose, that,Where, when,定語(yǔ)從句的用法:,當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí), 用which 或that引導(dǎo).,These are the trees which were planted last year.,當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí), 用who, whom, whose, that引導(dǎo).,who, whom, whose, that用法

3、區(qū)別.,who 作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ).,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主語(yǔ),Whom 作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ),The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作賓語(yǔ),whose 作定語(yǔ)從句的定語(yǔ).,I know the girl whos

4、e mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定語(yǔ),that 可以作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ).,注意: 關(guān)系代詞作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可 省略.,The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.,下列情況只能用that,1.當(dāng)序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾先行詞時(shí)。,eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.,2. 當(dāng)先行詞是指物的 little, few, much, any, al

5、l, anything, something, nothing, none, the one, everything 等不定代詞時(shí)。,eg. Everything we saw in the film was OK.,eg. All that I can do has been done. 3.當(dāng)先行詞被all,little,few,much,any,every,no等修飾時(shí) eg. I have eaten all the food that is left. 4. 當(dāng)先行詞是There be 句型中的主語(yǔ)且指物時(shí)。 eg. There is little work that is fit

6、for you. 沒(méi)有什么工作適合你做。,5.當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)。 eg. We often talk about the people and the things that we are interested in. 我們常常談?wù)撐覀兏信d趣的人或事。 6.當(dāng)主句是who或which時(shí)。 eg. Who is the girl that has black long hair? eg .Which is the pen that you bought?,7.當(dāng)先行詞作主句的表語(yǔ)時(shí)。 eg .China is not the country that used to. 中國(guó)不再是過(guò)去那樣

7、的國(guó)家。 eg .Its a sunny day that we are longing for. 這就是我們所渴望的晴天。 8.當(dāng)先行詞被the only, the very, the same, the last等修飾時(shí)。,eg. This is the very beautiful girl that Im looking for. 這正是我一直在尋找的漂亮女孩. eg. Thats the only thing that I can do now. eg. You are the last person that I meet here. 你是我在這兒遇見(jiàn)的最后一個(gè)人。,Exercis

8、e,1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5. The boy with _ John spoke is m

9、y brother.,which/that,whom,6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.,that,that,that,句子翻譯,1.這就是救了那個(gè)孩子命的醫(yī)生.,This is the doctor who saved the boy

10、s life.,2.正在跑步的那個(gè)人是我的叔叔.,The man who is running is my uncle.,3. 我喜歡可以隨之而唱的音樂(lè).,I like the music that I can sing along with.,4. 住在隔壁的那個(gè)女的是一名教師.,The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,修飾物體時(shí)關(guān)系代詞that和 which的區(qū)分 使用that的情況： 1、當(dāng)先行詞是nothing, something, anything, all, each等不定代詞時(shí)。 eg. Do you have anything

11、that is important to tell me? 2、當(dāng)先行詞被all, any, some, no, not, every, each等修飾時(shí)。 eg. I have some books that are very good. 3、當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞所修飾時(shí)。 eg. This is the first book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird.,4、當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the last, the next, the only 等詞修飾時(shí)。 eg. This

12、is the very book that I lost yesterday. 5、當(dāng)先行詞又有人又有物時(shí)。 eg. I wont forget the things and the persons that I saw. 只能使用which的情況。 1、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2、在介詞之后。 eg. This is a house in which lives an old man. 3、當(dāng)主句中的主語(yǔ)被that修飾時(shí)。 eg. That dog which I found in the street

13、belongs to Mary.,關(guān)系代詞whose既能修飾人，也能修飾物，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞。 eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful. Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns out white and black.,關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的用法以及與關(guān)系代詞的區(qū)分。 關(guān)系副詞在定語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)中只能充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)，當(dāng)一個(gè)句子能夠完整地表達(dá)一個(gè)意思時(shí)，我們就可以給這個(gè)句子加上特定的關(guān)系副詞。 eg. I wont forget the time when

14、 I got married. Have you still remember the days when we stayed together? This is the place where we had a good time. Is this the house where Mr Smith lives? I dont know the reason why he wont join us. Do you know the reason why he didnt come to sweep the classroom?,關(guān)系副詞when, where, why 和介詞+which之間的關(guān)系。關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來(lái)替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which介詞的位置非常靈活，有時(shí)放在關(guān)系代詞之前，有時(shí)放在動(dòng)詞之后。 eg. 1. I wont forget the date when( on which) I was born. 2. Thi