1、當(dāng)代物流學(xué),西南交通大學(xué)交通運(yùn)輸學(xué)院 李國(guó)旗 E-mail guoqi_ TelLesson one logistics and the supply chain,Key words Channel intermediaries Cost trade-offs Economic utility FIFO FOB origin FOB destination Pricing systems Form utility Freight absorption Landed costs,LIFO Marketing channel Phantom freight Place u

2、tility Reverse logistics Supply chain Stock-keeping units Stockouts Systems approach Time cost approach,Part one : economic impacts of logistics,One : while absolute and relative in logistics costs in relation to GDP vary from country to country, logistics is most definitely an important part in a c

3、ountrys economy Two : logistics can also play an important role in a nations growth and development, particularly improvements in transportation efficiency,Three: the economic imparts of logistics can affects individual consumers such as you, these imparts can be illustrated through the concept of e

4、conomic utility which is the value or usefulness of a product in fulfilling customer needs or wants,Part two: logistics : what it is,One : some of the terms used to refer to business logistics have included the following Business logistics Distribution Industrial distribution Logistics Logistics man

5、agement Materials management Physical distribution Supply chain management,Two : the meaning of logistics Clm : logistics is that point of the supply chain process that plans, implement, and controls the efficient ,effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and related inform

6、ation between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet customers requirement,Part three: the increased important of logistics,One : a reduction in economic regulation Two: recognition by prominent now-logistics Three: technological advances Four: the growing power of retaile

7、rs Five : globalization of trade,Part four : the system and total cost approach to logistics,One : the system approach indication that a company is objectives can be realized by recognizing the mutual interdependence of the major functional areas of the firm, such as marketing, production, finance,

8、and logistics,One implication of the systems approach is that the goals and objectives of the major functional areas should be compatible with the companys goals and objectives. This means that one logistics system does not fit all companies since goals and objectives vary from one firm to another A

9、 select implication is that decisions made by one functional area should consider the potential implication upon other functional areas.,Part five : logistics relationship within the firm,Finance : The logistics development regularly interfaces with the finance area, in part because logistical decis

10、ions are only as good as the quality of cost data with which they are working.,Marketing Contemporary marketing places heavy emphasis on customer satisfaction, and logistics strategies can facilitate customer satisfaction through reducing the cost of products, which can translate into lower prices a

11、s well as bringing a broader variety of choices closer to where the customer wishes to buy or use the products Logistics strategies offer a unique way for a company to differentiate itself among conpetiters, and logistics now offers an important route for many firms to create marketing supervionty,4

12、p: place decision price decision product decision promotion decision,Production Perhaps the most common interface between production and logistics involves the length of production runs Increasing utilization of the postponement concept also influence the interface between production and logistics,M

13、arketing channels Marketing channel can be views as sets of interdependent organization involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption,The most significant contribution that the logistics channel makes to the overall channel process is the sorting function, t

14、his function involves rearranging the assortment of products as they flow through the channels through the customer, taking large blocks of single products and rearranging them into quantities, assortments, and varieties that consumer prefer.,The sorting function has four steps, and these are import

15、ant to understanding the concept of goods flowing through the logistics channel. Sorting out is sorting a heterogeneous supply of products into stocks that are homogeneous Accumulating is bringing together similar stocks from different sources Allocating is breaking a homogeneous supply into smaller

16、 lots Asserting is building up assortments of goods for resale, usually to retail customers,Other channels Negotiation channels promotion channel financing channel,Part six activities in the logistical channel,Customer service Demand forecasting Inventory management Materials handling Order management Parts and service support Production scheduling Procurement Returned products,Salvage and scrap dispose Transportation management Warehousing management,Part seven logis