1、被動語態(tài),Passive voice,被動語態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。,be + Vp.p(動詞的過去分詞） 1)be 動詞可以隨時態(tài)人稱的變化而變化 am/ is / are + V(過去分詞） was/ were+ V(過去分詞） will be + V(過去分詞） 情態(tài)動詞+ be + V (過去分詞）,1.規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,1)一般情況在動詞原形后加-ed,watch-watched,2)以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的加-d,practice-pract

2、iced,3)以輔音加y結(jié)尾的，去y變i加-ed,study-studied,4)以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母， 先雙寫該輔音字母，再加-ed,stop-stopped,2.不規(guī)則動詞的過去分詞：,am,is,are,been,have,has,had,do,done,write,written,go,gone,He plants trees in spring.,主,謂,賓(受動者),Trees,are planted,by,him,改為被動語態(tài),in spring.,主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)口訣： 賓語提前主語變， 原主變賓by后見， 時態(tài)人稱be關(guān)鍵。,Tom will clean

3、the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,謂,賓(受動者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語+及物動詞+賓語,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時： S(主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),2. They bough

4、t ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般過去時：S+was/were +過去分詞,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情態(tài)動詞： S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成 1）一般現(xiàn)在時：You are invited to do this. 2）一般過去時：The story was told by her. 3）一般將來時：Th

5、e problem will be discussed tomorrow.,看一看 想一想,4)情態(tài)動詞：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成,一般現(xiàn)在時： 一般過去時： 情態(tài)動詞： 一般將來時： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： 現(xiàn)在完成時： 過去進(jìn)行時：,S+am/is /are +P.P S+was/were +P.P. S+ can/may/must/should + be+ P.P. S+ will+be+ P.P. S+ am/is/are + being + P.P. S+ have/has + been+ P

6、.P. S+ was/were+being+ P.P.,何時使用被動語態(tài)呢？ 一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動作的執(zhí)行者時。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行車被盜了。,三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時。例如： It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of

7、SARS. 眾所周知 It is well known that 據(jù)推測說 It is supposed that ,四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時。 例如： Tina is asked to come by Paul Tina是被Paul叫來的。 五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動語態(tài)。例如： He was born in October，1989,1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives _ _ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twi

8、ce a month. The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,EXERCISES,are used,are,cleaned,(變被動語態(tài)）,3.I found the ticket on the floor. _ _ _ _ on the floor. 4.I told her to return the book in time. She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,5. His doctor made him have only two

9、 meals a day. He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day. 6.Now people can use computers to help them. Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year? _ _ _ _ at this time last time? 8.Must we finish our work today? _ our work_ _ today?,Were ma

10、ny trees planted,Must be finished,9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps. 1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps. 2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer. Tom _ _ to turn on the computer. 11.In this factory women do most

11、 of the work. Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days. The bike _ _ _ in two days. 13.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students study German in this sc

12、hool. German _ _ by the students in this school. 15.Do they often talk about this question? _ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,1)Teenagers should _ (allow) to go out at night. 2)The telephone _ (invent) by Bell. 3) English _ (speak) in China. 4) The car _ (make) in China

13、. 5) The room must _ (clean) every day.,be allowed,was invented,is spoken,is made,be cleaned,( ) The flowers _ every day,or theyll die. A must water B can be watered C should water D must be watered ( ) Many computers will _ to our school. A be bring B be brought C bring,4.They will finish the work

14、in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days. 一般將來時： S+ will+be+過去分詞,5. Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 過去進(jìn)行時： S+ was/w