1、名詞類知識(shí)考查(2011深圳二模) Some people live in the world for body while others for dignity. I once took a walk along the street 16._ a Saturday dusk, with a Pepsi can in my hand. An old woman in ragged clothes, 17._ was living on collecting used cans, jars and tins, moved slowly towards me, with a bag on the

2、 back! 18._ (walk) nearer, she looked up at me and then fixed her eyes on my can. At that time, I hadnt finished my cola, so I gave 19._ several coins instead. She stared at me for a few seconds 20._ handed back the money. Quite confused, I asked: “Why not? Isnt that 21._ you want？” “I am not a begg

3、ar，” she said 22._ (serious), word by word. Instantly, I felt so sorry. I had intended 23._ (help) her, completely misunderstanding her. Thus I hurt her. What I could do at that moment was only to drink up the cola and handed her 24._ emptied can. This time, she gave me a smile with 25._ (satisfy) a

4、nd gratitude in her eyes. The woman is poor in material life but is so respectable as a man. I am not only moved but also have learned a good lesson. 【答案及解析】 16. on考查在語境中介詞的搭配， on a Saturday dusk, at dusk。 17. who考查定語從句的關(guān)系代詞，非限制性定語從句，先行詞為an old woman。 18. Walking考查非謂語動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，與主語是主謂關(guān)系?！敬鸢讣敖馕觥?19.

5、her考查賓格代詞的使用，用her指代the old woman。 20. and考查并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞stared和handed。 21. what考查表語從句的連接詞，表語從句缺少賓語，且表示事物，所以用特殊疑問詞what?！敬鸢讣敖馕觥?22. seriously考查形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換成副詞，副詞seriously修飾said。 23. to help考查非謂語動(dòng)詞，intended to do sth.打算做某事。 24. the考查語境中冠詞的使用，特指喝完了的那個(gè)易拉罐，所以用the。 25. satisfaction考查動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成名詞，with介詞后面跟名詞。語法填空中名詞類的考點(diǎn)主

6、要集中在考查主謂一致和名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。 一、主謂一致：答案：is speaking1. 用and(或bothand)連接并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)?？忌⒁猓寒?dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)名詞是指組合到一起的一件完整的或成套的東西，或表示同一個(gè)人或一種概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。Do you see the writer and teacher who _ (speak) at the meeting?考點(diǎn)必背：表1: 英語中并列結(jié)構(gòu)表示整體概念bread and butter 黃油面包a knife and fork刀叉a cart and horse一輛馬車a coat and tie配有領(lǐng)帶的上

7、衣iron and steel鋼鐵aim and end目的law and order 治安truth and honesty 真誠(chéng)a watch and chain 一塊帶鏈的表a needle and thread 針線2. 在eachand each， everyand every， noand no等結(jié)構(gòu)之后，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Each boy and each girl _ (have) an apple. 答案：has3. 在某些成語中，一些并列主語用and相連時(shí)，其后謂語用單數(shù)形式。All work and no play _ (make) Jack a dull boy. 答

8、案：makes4. 以or, eitheror， neithernor， notbut， not onlybut also等連接的名詞(代詞)作并列主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)根據(jù)就近一致的原則。Neither he nor I _ (ability) to finish the task independently.答案：am able5. 主語后跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with, like, rather than, together with, besides, including, in addition to等引導(dǎo)的詞

9、或詞組時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)按主語的單、復(fù)數(shù)而定，也就是說，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)不受這些詞組的影響。Look! The teacher as well as the students _ (read) in the library. 答案：is reading二、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)在語法填空中的考查表2：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式以“f”或“fe”結(jié)尾的名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式變“f”或“fe”為“v”，之后再加es。wife wives; life lives; knife knives; wolf wolves; self selves；leaf leaves特例：handkerchief handkerchiefs; ro

10、of roofs; chief chiefs; gulf gulfs; belief beliefs; cliff cliffs改變?cè)糇帜竚an men; mouse mice; foot feet; woman women; tooth teeth; goose geese; ox oxen特例：child children復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式在復(fù)合詞中最后的名詞尾加s。如：armchair armchairs; bookcase bookcases; bookstore bookstores man和woman作定語修飾另一個(gè)名詞時(shí)，前后兩個(gè)名詞都要變成復(fù)數(shù)。如：man doctor me

11、n doctors; woman driver women drivers與介詞或副詞一起構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞應(yīng)在主體名詞部分加s。如：brotherinlaw brothersinlaw; passerby passersby續(xù)表單、復(fù)數(shù)同形means; aircraft; deer; fish; Chinese; Japanese; sheep; works(工廠); cattle合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)boyfriend boyfriends; gobetween gobetweens(中間人); grownup grownups通常只用作復(fù)數(shù)的名詞glasses 眼鏡； clothes 衣服； goo

12、ds 貨物； trousers 褲子； belongings 所有物； wages 工資； riches 財(cái)富； surroundings 環(huán)境； ashes 灰塵； compasses 圓規(guī)； cattle 家畜； congratulations 祝賀【答案及解析】16. on考查在語境中介詞的搭配，on a trip是固定搭配。17. visited考查謂語動(dòng)詞，本句尚無謂語，visit應(yīng)為謂語動(dòng)詞；根據(jù)下文應(yīng)該采用一般過去時(shí)，故填visited。【答案及解析】18. cultural考查名詞轉(zhuǎn)換成形容詞，作定語要用形容詞。19. it考查在語境中代詞的使用，it是形式主語。20. to have考查非謂語動(dòng)詞，作目的狀語，用不定式?！敬鸢讣敖馕觥?1. who/that考查定語從句