1、unit three,my first job,todays objectives,get to know the background information: types of schools in britain ,a want advertisement,background information,the contact person(聯(lián)系人), either the employer himself or a representative of his, will advise the applicant(申請(qǐng)人) about the job if it has not yet b

2、een taken, and grant(給予) the applicant an interview if he or she chooses to. occasionally an interview may take place by phone, but most often the contact person would want to see the applicant in person(當(dāng)面);,background information,3) if an interview is granted, the applicant will be asked many ques

3、tions both personal and professional so that the employer can decide whether or not the applicant is suitable for the job. the applicant may also ask questions as he or she, too, must make sure whether the job is suitable for him or her.,1. it is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what

4、 you do. winston churchill, british prime minister,不能愛(ài)哪行才干哪行， 要干哪行愛(ài)哪行。 英國(guó)首相 溫斯頓邱吉爾,2. nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.,世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。,famous sayings,3where there is a will, there is a way.,有志者，事竟成。,4. great works are performed not by strength, but by perseverance. sam

5、uel johnson, british writer and critic,完成偉大的事業(yè)不在于體力， 而在于堅(jiān)韌不拔的毅力。 - 英國(guó)作家和評(píng)論家 s. 約翰遜,famous sayings,text structure:,3 minutes to scan the text and finish the following part.,my first job,part i: para _,part ii: para _,part iii: para _,the reason why the young man wanted to find a job.,his disappointin

6、g experience of the interview.,his final decision to take the job or not.,1,2 8,9,text analysis,exercise a: read through the first part, and choose the best answer to complete the following statements.,global reading,1) the author applied for the teaching post because _. a. he wanted to gain some ex

7、perience in teaching b. he had a good mind to move to the suburbs for a change c. he needed money and wanted to do something useful d. he wanted to get a degree,c (para1, line 3),global reading,2) when the author applied for the job, he thought that _. a. it would help him in getting a degree b. he

8、had little hope of getting it c. he was the right person for it d. he had a good chance of getting it,b (para1, line 4-5),global reading,exercise b: read through the second part and decide whether the following statements about the text are true or false.,so false!,true or false,1. when the young ma

9、n arrived at the school for the interview, he felt very nervous. ( f ) ( para 2, line 8-9) as a result i arrived on a hot june morning too depressed to feel nervous. 2. the headmaster was not satisfied at the first sight of the young man. ( t ) (para 5, line 16-17) he looked at me with an air of sur

10、prised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.,true or false,3. the young man thought that the headmaster used his study as a dining-room because the headmaster was eating there when he arrived. ( f ) ( line 19-20) his study, judging by the crumbs on the carpet

11、, was also his dining-room.,true or false,4. the headmaster believed that games were very important to a boys education. ( t ) (para 3, line 23-27) he asked me whether i thought games were a vital part of a boys education. i mumbled something about not attaching too much importance to them. he grunt

12、ed. i had said the wrong thing. the headmaster and i obviously had very little in common.,true or false,5. the young man would have to teach all the subjects in the school. ( f ) (para 6, line 29-30) i should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. 6. the idea of saturday aft

13、ernoon cricket was even more discouraging because the young man was incompetent with it. ( f ) (para 6, line 35-37) worse perhaps was the idea of saturday afternoon cricket; most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.,exercise c discussion,1. did the young man accept the job at the en

14、d of the story? why or why not?,no, he didnt. there were two reasons. the first reason was that the teaching set-up（體制） was too heavy. the second and the more important one is that he didnt want to be an inferior to（劣于） a woman.,global reading,globe reading4,which word would you use, if you are aske

15、d to use an adjective to describe michaels experience of his first job interview?,exercise d:,global reading,disappointing !,find out the words showing michaels disappointment before and during the interview.,awkward journey; too depressed to feel nervous; struggle to survive ; short and fat; with a

16、n air of surprised disapproval; as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlace were undone; the narrow, sunless hall smelled unpleasantly of stale cabbage; then fixing me suddenly with his bloodshot eyes; he grunted.; i was dismayed at; worse perhaps was the idea; before i could protest ; this

17、was the last straw; the prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.,language points,apply prove depress smell of stale attach consist competent salary,language points,1. apply(para1, l4): vi. 1) write or ask for (a job, membership, etc.) officially 申請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求 he has applied for

18、a post in england. 他已申請(qǐng)?jiān)谟?guó)供職。 翻譯： john于上周向那所著名的大學(xué)提交了工作申請(qǐng)。 last week john applied to that famous university for a job. 注意：apply for (a post/job) apply to (a place) for (a post/job),language points,2) have an effect on or concern a person, group, or situation: 起作用，適用于 (apply to) the rules of safe driv

19、ing apply to everyone. 安全駕駛條例適用于每個(gè)人 翻譯：這條規(guī)定只適用于60歲以上的人群,this rule only applies to people above 60.,language points,apply: vt 1) use or put into use 應(yīng)用 we should apply a theory to practice. 我們應(yīng)該把理論應(yīng)用到實(shí)踐當(dāng)中。 翻譯：新技術(shù)現(xiàn)在幾乎應(yīng)用到了各個(gè)工業(yè)領(lǐng)域。 new technology is being _ _. 2) devote (oneself or ones efforts) to somet

20、hing (后常接oneself) 使致力于，使專心從事 i have applied myself to my studies since i failed to pass the exam last semester.,applied to almost every industrial area,language points,2. prove(para2, l2): v. turn out to be 證明 patterns: prove + n.; prove + (to be) adj.; prove + that- clause; prove to sb. + that-clau

21、se; 1) prove + n. he proved_. 他證明了是個(gè)很有用的朋友。 2) prove + adj. the rumor proved_. 流言證明是真實(shí)的。,a very useful friend,(to be) true,language points,3) prove + that- clause it is impossible to prove_. 人們無(wú)法證明上帝的存在。 4) prove to sb. + that-clause ill prove to the world that i was right. 我將向世人證明我是對(duì)的。,that god exi

22、sts,3. depress (para2, l9) vt.,language points,make sad; discourage 使沮喪 e.g.:he was depressed because he had not passed his examinations. 他很沮喪，因?yàn)樗麤](méi)有通過(guò)考試。 翻譯：wet weather _. (總使我心情抑郁） 2) press, push or pull down 按，壓，下拉,always depresses me,e.g.: the worker depressed the lever （控制桿）to start the machine.

23、 工人壓下控制桿開(kāi)動(dòng)機(jī)器。,language points,3) make lower 降低，減少 4）make trade, business, etc. less active 使蕭條，使不景氣,e.g.: the opec countries depressed their oil output a month ago.,e.g.: the recession has depressed the housing market.,一個(gè)月前，石油輸出國(guó)組織降低了其石油產(chǎn)量。,經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退導(dǎo)致了住房市場(chǎng)不景氣。,language points,4. smell (para5, l3) vi. 用法

24、： 1) smell + adj.: something has a particular smell. e.g: the milk smells sour. 牛奶有酸味了。 翻譯： 湯聞起來(lái)很香。 that soup smells delicious.,language points,2) smell of + sth. : has a particular smell of something. e.g: the new house smells of fresh paint. 這新房子有股未干的油漆氣味。 翻譯： 房間里一股煙味 the room smells of cigarettes

25、. 3) smell at: 嗅，聞 she smelled at the flower.,language points,smell vt. to notice or recognize a particular smell 嗅出，聞出 i think i smelled chocolate. 我想我聞到了巧克力的味道。 i could smell that the milk wasnt fresh. smell n. 氣味 i opened the window to get rid of the smell of beer and cigarettes. 翻譯：房間里充滿了酒精的味道。

26、the smell of alcohol filled the room.,language points,5. stale (para5, l3): adj. 1) not fresh 不新鮮 dont eat those stale biscuits. 別吃那些發(fā)霉的餅干。 翻譯： 這些圓白菜已經(jīng)變壞了。 these cabbages have gone stale.,language points,2) no longer interesting or exciting 陳舊的，無(wú)新意的 we have heard all these stale old jokes long befor

27、e. 翻譯： 他們的婚姻已了無(wú)熱情。,their marriage_ .,had gone stale,language points,collocation:,feel/get stale go stale stale joke stale news stale check,對(duì)沒(méi)興趣 變得不新鮮 陳舊的笑話 過(guò)時(shí)消息 過(guò)期支票,6. attach (para5, l25） vt. consider sth. to be important or significant; treat as important 認(rèn)為重要，有意義；重視 翻譯：我們要把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的工作放在第一位。 we should

28、_ _. 2) attach sth ( to sth): to fasten or join one thing to another 把固定，把附（在上） e.g: attach a recent photograph to your application form.,language points,attach primary importance to the development of economy,language points,collocation:,attach oneself to attach to attached, please find,依附; 參加(黨派等)

29、; 熱愛(ài), 依戀 認(rèn)為有(重要性、意義等); 歸因于, 適用于 書(shū)信用語(yǔ)附上請(qǐng)查收,language points,7. consist (para6, l1): vi. 1) consist of = be made up of e.g: the cake consists mainly of sugar, flour and butter. 這塊蛋糕主要由糖，面粉和黃油做成的。 翻譯：,大學(xué)由教師,行政人員和學(xué)生組成。,a university consists of teachers, administrators and students.,language points,2）cons

30、ist in: based on or depend upon something 在于，存在于 e.g: the beauty of the picture consists in its balance of colors. 這幅畫(huà)的美在于其色彩的調(diào)和,翻譯： 快樂(lè)在于滿足一個(gè)人所擁 有的東西。,happiness consists in being contented with what one has.,language points,注意：consist 不能用被動(dòng)形式和進(jìn)行時(shí) cf:, consist compose comprise constitute,以下這些動(dòng)詞均含 “組成

31、，構(gòu)成” 之意,language points,consist：與 of 連用，不用被動(dòng)態(tài)，指一個(gè)整體由幾個(gè)部分組 成，或由某些材料構(gòu)成。例如： new york city consists of five boroughs. 紐約市由五個(gè)行政區(qū)組成。 compose:正式用詞，多用被動(dòng)態(tài)。指將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或 物放到一起形成一個(gè)整體。例如： water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氫和氧組合而成的。,language points,comprise: 正式用詞，指整體是由幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的部分所組成。 例如： 1) the united stat

32、es comprises fifty states. 美國(guó)有五十個(gè)州。(包含，包括) 2) the citys population is largely comprised of asians and europeans. 城市的居民主要由亞洲人和歐洲人組成。(由組成) 3) fifty states comprise the united states. 五十個(gè)州組成了美國(guó)。(構(gòu)成),language points,constitute: 正式用詞，指由某些部分組成一個(gè)整體或構(gòu)成某 物的基本成分，在句中，主語(yǔ)表示事物的組成部 分，賓語(yǔ)表示事物的整體。 例如： 1) the committe

33、e is constituted of members of all three parties. 委員會(huì)由三個(gè)政黨的成員組成。 2) this move constitutes an act of aggression. 這一舉動(dòng)構(gòu)成了侵略行為。,language points,in summary, we could say: the united states consists of/is made up of/is composed of/comprises fifty states. and: fifty states make up/comprise/constitute the

34、united states. grammar: these words are not used in progressive tenses in these meanings.,language points,8. competent: adj. good enough at doing sth., skillful 有能力的，勝任的,be competent for sth.(doing sth.); be competent + to v.; be competent as sth.; be competent at / in sth.,e.g.: she is competent fo

35、r her work.,pattern:,is he competent as an accountant?,mary is competent in her field.,language points,competent的反義詞是incompetent， 意為“無(wú)能力的，不能勝任的”。 incompetent的名詞形式為incompetence， 意為“不稱職” 翻譯：,他因不稱職而遭辭退。,e.g.: he is an incompetent candidate. 他是一個(gè)不合格的候選人。,he was dismissed for incompetence.,language point

36、s,9. salary (para8, l1): n. fixed (usually monthly) pay for regular work 工資，薪水 e.g: he gets a good salary, but he always borrows money from his friends and never pays it back. 他工資很高，可是他老是從朋友那里借錢后不還。 翻譯： 他終于在一家薪水高的公司里找到 一份工作。 he finally got a job in a company paying good salaries.,language points,cf:

37、 以下幾個(gè)名詞都可表示 “工資，收入” 之意, salary wage pay fees,language points,salary: salary is paid to someone once a month, especially to professional people, managers etc and usually goes directly into their bank account. e.g: a salary of $100,000 a year (注：指按年定下，按月平均給予的報(bào)酬，一般指腦力 勞動(dòng)者的薪水。) wages: wages are paid wee

38、kly, usually in the form of coins and notes, especially to people whose job is not professional, or in management etc. e.g: wages at the cannery(罐頭廠) are very low. (注：wage多用復(fù)數(shù)形式，指按小時(shí)、日或星期的報(bào) 酬，通常指體力勞動(dòng)者的工資。),language points,pay: money given to someone in return for work is called pay. e.g: truck drive

39、rs are demanding higher pay. (注：是個(gè)通用詞，可取代salary與wage。) fee: a fee is money that some professions charge for a particular service they have done. e.g: im afraid i cant afford the doctors fee. tuition fees (學(xué)費(fèi)) (注：指提供某種服務(wù)收取的固定費(fèi)用。),language points,directions: fill in the blanks with the words above. ch

40、ange the form where necessary. tax and insurance are deducted from your_. 2. teachers, government officials and clerks receive_. 3. school _ are high in that country. he doesnt like the job, but the _ is good. his _ are three hundred dollars a week.,salary,salary,fees,salary/pay,wages,申請(qǐng),地方報(bào)紙,教師職位,在

41、郊區(qū),手頭拮據(jù),做的可能性很小,結(jié)果,太沮喪以至于不感到緊張,apply for,local newspaper,teaching post,in a suburb of,be short of money,the chance of doing sth. is slim,as a result,too depressed to feel nervous,掙扎著活下來(lái),struggle to survive,繁忙的大街,busy main road,布滿皺紋的前額,a wrinkled forehead,1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.,useful exp

42、ressions,不以為然的神態(tài),散發(fā)出氣味,根據(jù)判斷,的極為重要的組成部分,重視,沒(méi)有多少共同語(yǔ)言,從到不等,with an air of disapproval,smell of,judging by/from,a vital part of,attach importance to,have very little in common,range from to ,教學(xué)計(jì)劃,輪流做,teaching set-up,do sth. in turn,享受閑暇之樂(lè),終于使人不能忍受的最后一擊,enjoy leisure,the last straw,12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17

43、. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.,useful expressions,summary,directions: rearrange the order of the pictures and then describe them one by one.,4,1,5,3,2,summary,i saw a teaching post advertised in_（一家當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙）. _(由于缺錢) and wanting to do something useful, i_ (申請(qǐng))the post.,a local newspaper,being short of money,appl

44、ied for,summary,three days later _(來(lái)了一封信), asking me to go to croydon for_（面試）. _（結(jié)果）， i arrived on a hot june morning too depressed to feel nervous.,an interview,as a result,a letter arrived,summary,_(很明顯是校長(zhǎng)本人) that opened the door. he was _(又矮又胖）. he had a _(沙色的） moustache, a _(布滿皺紋的前額) and hardly

45、 any hair.,it was clearly the headmaster himself,short and fat,sandy-coloured,wrinkled forehead,summary,however, _ (教學(xué)計(jì)劃把我嚇壞了). i had to teach all students _ (輪流) at different levels. and i _ (想到就沮喪) teaching some of the subjects at which i had been completely _(無(wú)法勝任的) at school.,the teaching set-up

46、 filled me with fear,in turn,was dismayed at the thought of,incompetent,summary,the headmaster asked me to meet his wife, who was the one who really ran the school. that was _(無(wú)法忍受). i was very young: the prospect of_ (在女人手下工作) constituted the ultimate indignity.,the last straw,working under a woman

47、,concluding remarks,this story must have happened decades ago, because things have changed a great deal in english education. the conditions in english schools described in the text are not what they are today, but what they were at one time in the past.,concluding remarks,croydon today is a suburb

48、of london, no longer a small rural village, and is easily approachable by public transportation. it is impossible today for a person without degree to get a teaching post in a primary or secondary school. moreover, students are generally separated into classes by age and taught by separate teachers.

49、 one-room school houses are described in the story might still be found in small villages, but they are few and far between. and students no longer have school activities on saturday.,before reading_2.21,some famous places of interest in london,big ben tower bridge the tower of london buckingham palace trafalgar square the british museum the national gallery,before reading_2.22,big b