1、solidworks二次開(kāi)發(fā)全教程系列solidworks二次開(kāi)發(fā)-01-錄制一個(gè)宏 第一步：我們需要自己錄制一個(gè)宏，然后看看程序產(chǎn)生了什么代碼。當(dāng)初學(xué)習(xí)excel時(shí)候就是這么干的。只是，solidworks要復(fù)雜一些，直接錄制的宏不能使用，需要做一些調(diào)整。在沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候我們最好按照下面的建議來(lái)做。Edit or Debug SolidWorks MacroEdit or debug SolidWorks macros using Microsoft VBA. 使用Microsoft VBA編輯或調(diào)試宏To edit or debug a SolidWorks macro:Click Edi

2、t Macro on the Macro toolbar, or click Tools, Macro, Edit.NOTES: 注意：To automatically edit a macro after recording it, click Tools, Options, Systems Options. On the General tab, select Automatically edit macro after recording and click OK. This setting is persistent across SolidWorks sessions. 此選項(xiàng)Aut

3、omatically edit macro after recording 顧名思義是在記錄宏完畢后自動(dòng)打開(kāi)編輯界面。If you recently edited the macro, you can select it from the menu when you click Tools, Macro. This menu lists the last nine macros that you edited. 已經(jīng)編輯了宏，菜單中會(huì)有最近的9個(gè)宏程序列表供選擇。In the dialog box, select a macro file (.swp) and click Open. 選擇一個(gè)

4、宏swp文件NOTE: You can also edit .swb files, which are older-style SolidWorks macro files. When you run or edit a .swb file, it is automatically converted to a .swp file. 舊的宏文件后綴為swb，你也可以打開(kāi)swb，那么會(huì)自動(dòng)保存為swp。Edit or debug the macro. If it is a new macro, be sure to:如果是新的宏Delete extra lines of code: 刪除一些多余

5、的代碼：The following variables are declared automatically in a SolidWorks macro. Delete any variables not used in the macro. 這些對(duì)象的聲明是自動(dòng)產(chǎn)生的，可以將沒(méi)用的刪除 Dim swApp As ObjectDim Part As ObjectDim boolstatus As BooleanDim longstatus As Long, longwarnings As LongDim FeatureData As ObjectDim Feature As ObjectDim

6、 Component As ObjectDelete all lines of code that change the view. 刪除切換試圖的代碼 譯者注：像這樣的 Part.ActiveView().RotateAboutCenter 0.0662574, 0.0346621 無(wú)情的刪掉吧Delete all ModelDocExtension:SelectByID2 calls appearing immediately before ModelDoc2:ClearSelection2 calls. However, do not delete ModelDocExtension:S

7、electByID2 calls appearing immediately after ModelDoc2:ClearSelection2 calls.Delete all ModelDoc2:ClearSelection2 calls appearing immediately before ModelDocExtension:SelectByID2. solidworks二次開(kāi)發(fā)-02-用來(lái)訪(fǎng)問(wèn)特征的兩個(gè)API 來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)兩個(gè)api：SelectByID2和GetSelectedObject5。這兩個(gè)函數(shù)，第一個(gè)通過(guò)給出對(duì)象的name選擇對(duì)象。第二個(gè)通過(guò)啟用程序前已經(jīng)選擇的索引得到對(duì)象?？聪?/p>

8、面程序：Option ExplicitDim swApp As SldWorks.SldWorksDim Model As ModelDoc2Dim feature As featureDim boolstatus As VariantSub main()Set swApp = Application.SldWorksSet Model = swApp.ActiveDoc 選擇叫拉伸1的特征boolstatus = Model.Extension.SelectByID2(拉伸1, BODYFEATURE, 0, 0, 0, False, 0, Nothing, swSelectOptionDe

9、fault)主要就是這一句話(huà)，在寫(xiě)Option Explicit后函數(shù)的最后一個(gè)參數(shù)swSelectOptionDefault可以使用0來(lái)代替 If the selection was successful, that is, Extrude1 was selected and it is a BODYFEATURE, then get that feature; otherwise, indicate failureIf boolstatus = True Then 如果有“拉伸1”這個(gè)特征下面的代碼將其選中 Dim SelMgr As SelectionMgr Set SelMgr = M

10、odel.SelectionManager Set feature = SelMgr.GetSelectedObject5(1) 此處使用一個(gè)索引來(lái)得到特征 Debug.Print feature.NameElse Debug.Print ErrorEnd IfEnd Sub最后列出這兩個(gè)函數(shù)的VB語(yǔ)法：ModelDocExtension:SelectByID2DescriptionThis method selects the specified entity.Syntax (OLE Automation)retval = ModelDocExtension.SelectByID2 ( Na

11、me, Type, X, Y, Z, Append, Mark, Callout. SelectOption )Input:(BSTR) NameName of object to select or an empty stringInput:(BSTR) TypeType of object (uppercase) as defined in swSelectType_e or an empty stringInput:(double) XX selection location or 0Input:(double) YY selection location or 0Input:(doub

12、le) ZZ selection location or 0Input:(VARIANT_BOOL) AppendIf.And if entity is.Then. TRUENot already selectedThe entity is appended to the current selection listAlready selectedThe entity is removed from the current selection listFALSENot already selectedThe current selection list is cleared, and then

13、 the entity is put on the listAlready selectedThe current selection list remains the sameInput:(long) MarkValue that you want to use as a mark; this value is used by other functions that require ordered selectionInput:(LPCALLOUT) CalloutPointer to the associated calloutInput:(long) SelectOptionSelec

14、tion option as defined in swSelectOption_e (see Remarks)Output:(VARIANT_BOOL) retvalTRUE if item was successfully selected, FALSE if notSelectionMgr:GetSelectedObject5DescriptionThis method gets the selected object.Syntax (OLE Automation)retval = SelectionMgr.GetSelectedObject5 ( AtIndex )Input:(lon

15、g) AtIndexIndex position within the current list of selected items, where AtIndex ranges from 1 to SelectionMgr:GetSelectedObjectCountOutput:(LPDISPATCH) retvalPointer to the Dispatch object as defined in swSelType_e; NULL may be returned if type is not supported or if nothing is selected solidworks

16、二次開(kāi)發(fā)-03-訪(fǎng)問(wèn)特征數(shù)據(jù) coder arden filename : getchoosed.swpdate :2005-03-22used to get the simple hole infomation dep & diafinished lucky !-Option ExplicitDim swApp As SldWorks.SldWorksDim Model As ModelDoc2Dim curfeature As featureDim boolstatus As BooleanDim featdata As SimpleHoleFeatureData2 聲明一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單直孔對(duì)象D

17、im component As Component2 Dim dep As DoubleDim dia As DoubleDim SelMgr As SelectionMgrDim ncount As IntegerSub getselected()Set swApp = Application.SldWorksSet Model = swApp.ActiveDocSet SelMgr = Model.SelectionManagerSet curfeature = SelMgr.GetSelectedObject5(1) 得到當(dāng)前選中的第一個(gè)特征 MsgBox curfeature.Name

18、 Set featdata = curfeature.GetDefinition 得到特征的定義boolstatus = featdata.AccessSelections(Model, component) 可以對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行訪(fǎng)問(wèn)了ncount = featdata.GetFeatureScopeBodiesCount MsgBox ncountdep = featdata.Depth dia = featdata.DiameterMsgBox dia & * & depMsgBox error arden 在solidworks中可以使用swAPP.sendmsgtouser2 featdat

19、a.ReleaseSelectionAccessModel.SaveModel.EditRebuildEnd Sub*上面程序運(yùn)行前，假設(shè)你選擇了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單直孔特征。然后得到這個(gè)孔德一些參數(shù)?？咨?、直徑等。solidworks的API雖然是e文的。介紹的還算詳細(xì)，并且有很多的example。大家可以多看看代碼。要訪(fǎng)問(wèn)一個(gè)特征，需要經(jīng)歷這樣的步驟：定義一個(gè)特征對(duì)象： dim.as .得到這個(gè)特征 ：比如使用GetSelectedObject5 還有SelectebyID等.得到定義：GetDefinition進(jìn)行訪(fǎng)問(wèn)：AccessSelections上面的程序沒(méi)有if選擇的容錯(cuò)機(jī)制，需要添加上。

20、solidworks二次開(kāi)發(fā)-04-修改數(shù)據(jù) 上次已經(jīng)可以訪(fǎng)問(wèn)特征的各參數(shù)了，今天我們來(lái)修改它：要修改前面的步驟不能少，當(dāng)我們已經(jīng)可以讀取一些特征時(shí)，我們就可以給他設(shè)定一些值。當(dāng)然有時(shí)需要調(diào)用特定的參數(shù)。solidworks是ole和com的，所以要習(xí)慣這樣。在修改完特征后需要調(diào)用函數(shù)modifydefinition()來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)變化。我們給一個(gè)例子，這個(gè)例子比前面的都要全面，它有很好的容錯(cuò)引導(dǎo)機(jī)制，可以直接拿來(lái)成為一個(gè)穩(wěn)定的宏程序。This example doubles the length of the base extrude.這個(gè)例子將拉伸凸臺(tái)的長(zhǎng)度增加一倍Dim swApp As Sl

21、dWorks.SldWorksDim Model As ModelDoc2Dim Component As Component2Dim CurFeature As featureDim isGood As Boolean Will become an ExtrudeFeatureData ObjectDim FeatData As Object Dim Depth As DoubleDim SelMgr As SelectionMgrSub doubleBE()- -Set swApp = CreateObject(sldWorks.application)- -Set Model = swA

22、pp.ActiveDoc- - Make sure that the active document is a part- -If Model.GetType swDocPART And Model.GetType swDocASSEMBLY Then這里的swDocPART 、swDocASSEMBLY 我的環(huán)境沒(méi)有通過(guò)。我使用msgbox Model.GetType 的笨辦法得到整數(shù)為1和2 - -Msg = Only Allowed on Parts or Assemblies Define message- -Style = vbOKOnly OK Button only- -Titl

23、e = Error Define title- -Call MsgBox(Msg, Style, Title) Display error message- -Exit Sub Exit this program- -End If- - - Get the Selection Manager- -Set SelMgr = Model.SelectionManager- - - Get the selected object (first in the group if there are more than one)- - Note that at this point CurFeature

24、is just a Feature Object- -Set CurFeature = SelMgr.GetSelectedObject3(1)- -If CurFeature Is Nothing Then- - Tell the user that nothing is selected- -swApp.SendMsgToUser2 Please select the Base-Extrude, swMbWarning, swMbOk- -Exit Sub- -End If- - Check the features type name- - Make sure it is an extr

25、usion- -If Not CurFeature.GetTypeName = swTnExtrusion Then 在這里使用swTnExtrusion我的環(huán)境沒(méi)有通過(guò)，我改成了Extrusion才ok- -swApp.SendMsgToUser2 Please select the Base-Extrude, swMbWarning, swMbOk- -Exit Sub- -End If- - Get the Extrusions Feature Data- -Set FeatData = CurFeature.GetDefinition- - - Get the access selec

26、tions for the feature data- - Note that Component is NULL when accessing the selections of a standalone part. - -If we were calling AccessSelections from within an assembly, then model would refer to the top-level document in the assembly and component would refer to the actual part.- -isGood = Feat

27、Data.AccessSelections(Model, Component)- - - Inform the user of an error- -If Not isGood Then- -swApp.SendMsgToUser2 Unable to obtain access selections, swMbWarning, swMbOk- -Exit Sub- -End If- - - Make sure the user has selected the base extrude- -If Not FeatData.IsBaseExtrude Then- -swApp.SendMsgT

28、oUser2 Please select the Base-Extrude, swMbWarning, swMbOk- -FeatData.ReleaseSelectionAccess- -Exit Sub- -End If- - - Change the depth of this extrusion to double its previous depth- -Depth = FeatData.GetDepth(True)- -FeatData.SetDepth True, Depth * 2- - - Implement the changes to the feature- -isGo

29、od = CurFeature.ModifyDefinition(FeatData, Model, Component)- - - If the modify definition failed- -If Not isGood Then- -swApp.SendMsgToUser2 Unable to modify feature data, swMbWarning, swMbOk- - Release the AccessSelections- -FeatData.ReleaseSelectionAccess- -End If- -End Sub如果出現(xiàn)特征出現(xiàn)“退回”狀態(tài)，我現(xiàn)在還沒(méi)有找到

30、問(wèn)題的原因，只能在代碼執(zhí)行到最后調(diào)用 Model.Save Model.Rebuild 這兩個(gè)函數(shù)來(lái)自動(dòng)更新。 Solidworks二次開(kāi)發(fā)-05-裝配體中插入零部件 在往裝配體中插入零部件時(shí)，我們使用addcomponent 函數(shù)。如果需要選定零部件的配置，則需要使用addcomponent4。先學(xué)習(xí)下語(yǔ)法：addcomponent4：retval = AssemblyDoc.AddComponent4 ( compName, configName, x, y, z)Input: (BSTR) compName Path name of a loaded part or assembly t

31、o add as a component Input: (BSTR) configName Name of the configuration from which to load the componentInput: (double) x X coordinate of the component centerInput: (double) y Y coordinate of the component centerInput: (double) z Z coordinate of the component centerOutput: (LPCOMPONENT2) retval Poin

32、ter to the Component2 object需要注意的是：參數(shù)1為文件的全名（包括路徑）；參數(shù)2為文件的配置名稱(chēng)；當(dāng)函數(shù)執(zhí)行成功購(gòu)返回一個(gè)指向該零件的指針。于是我們可以如下寫(xiě)一個(gè)小程序，用來(lái)給裝配體中插零件：filename:insertPart.swpwrite by arden2005-4-4this function add a part called “零件1.SLDPRT” in CurrentWorkingDirectoryprecondition is there has a part document called “零件1.SLDPRT” in CurrentWo

33、rkingDirectoryand it has a configuration called “配置1”Dim swApp As SldWorks.SldWorksDim Model As ModelDoc2Dim pth As StringDim strpath As StringSub insertPart()Set swApp = Application.SldWorksstrpath = swApp.GetCurrentWorkingDirectory 當(dāng)前工作路徑Set Model = swApp.ActiveDocpth = strpath & 零件1.SLDPRT 得到文件的F

34、ULLPATH全名Model.AddComponent4 pth, 配置1, 0, 0, 0 添加零部件End Sub然而，這個(gè)程序比不是想象中那么好用。為什么呢？回頭看addcomponent4的remark，上面這樣寫(xiě)：The specified file must be loaded in memory. A file is loaded into memory when you load the file in your SolidWorks session (SldWorks:OpenDoc6) or open an assembly that already contains th

35、e file.就是說(shuō)你想指定的插入的文件必須在調(diào)用函數(shù)之前已經(jīng)在內(nèi)存中加載了。不習(xí)慣，你就不能直接打開(kāi)多簡(jiǎn)單，沒(méi)辦法，我還沒(méi)有找到好的方法，只能按人家的來(lái)：看看下面的函數(shù)Opendoc6，它打開(kāi)一個(gè)文檔：Opendoc6：retval = SldWorks.OpenDoc6 ( filename, type, options, configuration, &Errors, &Warnings )Input: (BSTR) Filename Document name or full path if not in current directory, including extensionIn

36、put: (long) Type Document type as defined in swDocumentTypes_eInput: (long) Options Mode in which to open the document as defined in swOpenDocOptions_eInput: (BSTR) Configuration Model configuration in which to open this document：Applies to parts and assemblies, not drawingsIf this argument is empty

37、 or the specified configuration is not present in the model, the model is opened in the last-used configuration.Output: (long) Errors Load errors as defined in swFileLoadError_eOutput: (long) Warnings Warnings or extra information generated during the open operation as defined in swFileLoadWarning_e

38、Return: (LPDISPATCH) retval Pointer to a Dispatch object, the newly loaded ModelDoc2, or NULL if failed to open這個(gè)函數(shù)參數(shù)1就是文檔的全名，參數(shù)2是要插入的類(lèi)型描述，其中0123分別表示： 0 swDocNONE：不是sw文件1 swDocPART：零件2 swDocASSEMBLY：裝配體3 swDocDRAWING：工程圖如果想使用swDocNONE，需要定義：Public Enum swDocumentTypes_e- -swDocNONE = 0- -swDocPART= 1

39、- -swDocASSEMBLY = 2 swDocDRAWING=3End Enum參數(shù)3是打開(kāi)文檔的模式，一般我們就選擇swOpenDocOptions_Silent 用0 表示，當(dāng)然還有只讀、只看等選項(xiàng)參數(shù)4是打開(kāi)選項(xiàng)，一般置空后面是兩個(gè)OutPut，用來(lái)顯示錯(cuò)誤打開(kāi)時(shí)的提示函數(shù)返回一個(gè)指向打開(kāi)文件的指針。按照上面的要求我們?cè)谙蜓b配體中插入一個(gè)零部件時(shí)，需要這樣步驟：1、得到裝配體2、使用opendoc6打開(kāi)需要插入的零件3、使用addcomponent4插入零件到裝配體我們上面的程序需要這樣來(lái)修改一下，添加了一個(gè)打開(kāi)文檔的函數(shù)： * insertpart 03/21/05 by ard

40、en插入零件1前提條件：在裝配體所在文件夾中有零件“零件1”存在，并且零件1有配置“配置1” *Dim swApp As SldWorks.SldWorksDim Model As ModelDoc2Dim YSBmodel As ModelDoc2Dim pth As StringDim strpath As StringDim nErrors As LongDim nWarnings As LongSub insertpart()Set swApp = Application.SldWorksstrpath = swApp.GetCurrentWorkingDirectorySet Mod

41、el = swApp.ActiveDocpth = strpath & 零件1.SLDPRTopenYSB (pth) 在添加零部件之前，先打開(kāi)它Model.AddComponent4 pth, 配置1, 0, 0, 0End Sub這個(gè)函數(shù)打開(kāi)零件1Sub openpart(ByVal pth As String)Dim path As StringDim newswapp As SldWorks.SldWorksSet newswapp = Application.SldWorkspath = pthSet YSBmodel = newswapp.OpenDoc6(path, 1, swO

42、penDocOPtions_Silent, , nErrors, nWarnings)YSBmodel.Visible = False 我不想看到零件1End Sub 回復(fù) 引用 報(bào)告 道具 TOP Solidworks二次開(kāi)發(fā)06在裝配體中添加配合折騰了三天終于完成了計(jì)劃中的功能模塊。在一個(gè)裝配體中自動(dòng)判斷插入合適的零件，并添加配合。 在前面幾篇文章中我已經(jīng)基本上說(shuō)明了如何得到零部件的數(shù)據(jù)信息、如何插入零部件、如何得到已經(jīng)選擇的特征等。 下面只介紹怎樣進(jìn)行配合 在做配合時(shí)，需要經(jīng)常選擇到零件的面、線(xiàn)等，這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題，還有就是介紹一下addmate2函數(shù)的使用： 一般進(jìn)行配合我們按照下面的次序

43、來(lái)進(jìn)行： 1-ModelDoc.ClearSelection2 取消所有選擇 2-選擇需要配合的實(shí)體（entity） 3-使用AddMate2函數(shù)進(jìn)行配合 4-再次使用 ModelDoc.ClearSelection2 取消所有選擇 主要的問(wèn)題在于如何選擇合適的面： 由于面的命名沒(méi)有什么規(guī)律，很多時(shí)候是程序自動(dòng)來(lái)命名的，這樣，不方便使用selectbyID來(lái)選擇，我也不想使用坐標(biāo)值來(lái)選擇一個(gè)面，那樣做更加糟糕。 在得到一個(gè)組件（component）或者一個(gè)特征（feature）時(shí)，我們有g(shù)etfaces、getfirstface、getnextface等方法，我們可以使用這些方法遍歷一個(gè)組件或

44、特征等的各個(gè)面，來(lái)達(dá)到選擇面的目的，看下面程序： Private Function selectface(dcom As SldWorks.Component2, tp As Integer) As Boolean Set swdowelbody = dcom.GetBody() If swdowelbody Is Nothing Then 錯(cuò)誤處理 MsgBox 選擇零件失敗 selectface = False Exit Function End If Set swDCface = swdowelbody.GetFirstFace 得到第一個(gè)面 Do While Not swDCface

45、Is Nothing 遍歷各個(gè)面 Set swDsurface = swDCface.GetSurface 得到表面對(duì)象 If swDsurface.IsCylinder Then 如果是圓柱面 If tp = 0 Then means cylinder Set swDEnt = swDCface swDEnt.Select4 True, selDdata selectface = True Exit Function End If Else 如果是其它，當(dāng)然實(shí)際中我們可能需要使用select來(lái)定義好多分支 If tp = 1 Then means plane Set swDEnt = swD

46、Cface swDEnt.Select4 True, selDdata selectface = True Exit Function End If End If Set swDCface = swDCface.GetNextFace Loop End Function 此函數(shù)接受兩個(gè)參數(shù)，第一個(gè)是一個(gè)component對(duì)象，第二個(gè)用來(lái)標(biāo)識(shí)選擇類(lèi)型：0表示圓柱面，1表示平面。此函數(shù)運(yùn)行完成后將選擇指定組件的指定類(lèi)型的一個(gè)面。需要注意的是我們需要在判斷面類(lèi)型時(shí)候需要轉(zhuǎn)換到surface對(duì)象。而且選擇需要定義一個(gè)entity對(duì)象，用來(lái)select4，達(dá)到選擇的目的?？赡苓@個(gè)過(guò)程有些復(fù)雜，大家按照這個(gè)順序多測(cè)試幾次，就明白了它的工作原理。 上面的函數(shù)寫(xiě)的并不好，是我從我的工程中截取的一段。 下面介紹一下addmate2函數(shù)： Syntax (OLE Automation) OLE語(yǔ)法： pMateObjOut = AssemblyDoc.AddMate2 ( mateTypeFromEnum, alignFromEnum, flip, distance, distAbsUpperLimit, distAbsLowerLimit, gearRatioNumerator, gearRatioDenominator, angle, angleAbsUpperLim