1、現(xiàn)在完成時,現(xiàn)在完成時的含義/功能,表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產生的影響； 表示到目前為止已經(jīng)完成的事情； 動作發(fā)生在過去，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還有可能延續(xù)到將來； 例如： I have finished my homework. （我做完我的家庭作業(yè)了。） He has already come. （他已經(jīng)來了。） I have lived in China since I was born. （我從出生的時候就一直住在中國。）,現(xiàn)在完成時的結構,肯定形式：主語+have/has+過去分詞 否定形式：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞 一般疑問句：Have/has+主語+過去分詞 肯定回答：

2、Yes， 主語+have/has 否定回答：No，主語+have/has not 特殊疑問句：特殊疑問句+have/has+主語+過去分詞 例如： Have you ever been to the US.?（你去過美國嗎？） Yes, I have.（是的，我去過。） No, I havent.（不，我沒去過。）,現(xiàn)在完成時的標志詞,already 已經(jīng) just 剛剛 yet 還沒有 用于否定句中 ever 曾經(jīng) recently 最近 for+時間段 since+時間點 例如: I have already finished my homework. I havent finished

3、my homework yet. Mr. Smith has stayed here for three months.,用于肯定句中，放在have/has之后,動作或狀態(tài)從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語,現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語有：now, today, tonight, just, this week/year/month, already, yet, recently, for+時間段，since+過去的時間點， etc. 對現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語提問用how long. 例如： I have had a dog now.（我現(xiàn)在有一條狗了。） We have learned abo

4、ut 3000 English words by the end of this term.（到上學期末我們已經(jīng)學了3000個單詞。） I havent heared from him recently.（最近我沒收到他的來信。） How long have you stayed in China?,關于現(xiàn)在完成時的一些區(qū)分,have been to 去過某地（已回來,常和once,twice,never等連用） have gone to 去了某地（還未回來） have been in 已經(jīng)在某地，常與一段時間連用） 例如：（比較） They have been in Chicago They

5、 have been to Chicago They have gone to Chicago have/has got形式上是現(xiàn)在完成時，但是含義與have/has相同。 例如： Have you got a pen-friend?,關于現(xiàn)在完成時的一些區(qū)分,現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別： 例如： I have just finshed my homework. I just finished my homework.,需要注意的兩點,現(xiàn)在完成時句中，有表示一段時間的時間狀語時，必須使用延續(xù)性動詞 例如：I have arrived here. I have been here for tw

6、o hours. 在以下句型中，短暫性動詞要轉換成延續(xù)性動詞： 完成時態(tài)的肯定句 句中有for或since引導的，或其他種類的表示一段時間的時間狀語,1. 實義動詞轉化成實義動詞,非延續(xù)性動詞轉換成延續(xù)性動詞的方法,2. 轉化成be+形容詞/介詞,非延續(xù)性動詞轉換成延續(xù)性動詞的方法,3. 轉化成be+名詞（詞組）,非延續(xù)性動詞轉換成延續(xù)性動詞的方法,練習（一）單選,1. Tom_the CD player for two weeks. . has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 2. -Have you ever_Beijing to

7、 see the Forbidden City? -Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 3. I wont go to the concert because I _my ticket. A. lost B. dont lose C. have lost D. is coming,練習（一）單選,6. How long have you _ this book？Abought Bborrowed Chad Dlent 7. Miss Brown _ to the Great Wall twice Ahave been

8、 Bhas been Chave gone Dhas gone 8. His grandpa _ for two years Awas died Bhas been dead Cwas dead Dhas died,練習（二）用所給詞的適當形式填空,1. I_ already _(see) the film. I_(see) it last week. 2._he_(finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. _you_(be) to Hong Kong? Yes, I_(be) there twice.,4. Wheres Li Ming? He_(go) to

9、the teachers office. 5.So far I_(make) quite a few friends here. 6. How long_ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.,練習（二）用所給詞的適當形式填空,練習（三）句型轉換 (每空一詞),1. I have been to Macau before. (改為否定句) I_ _been to Macau before. 2. He hasnt come to school because hes ill. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ _he come to school? 3. H

10、e has learned English for 5 years. (就劃線部分提問) _ _ _ _learned English?,練習（三）句型轉換 (每空一詞),4. I bought a new bike just now. (用just改寫) I_ just _a new bike. 5. We began to learn English three years ago. (改為同義句) We_ English _three years.,練習（四）用for 或since填空,1. Jill has been in Ireland_Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland_three days. 3. My aunt has lived in Australia_15 days. 4. Margaret is in her office. She has been there_7 oclock.,練習（四）用for 或since填空,5. India has been an independent country_1974. 6. The bus is l