1、重慶美的通用制冷設(shè)備有限公司CHONGQINGMIDEA GENERAL REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT COMPANY美的變頻主機(jī)的應(yīng)用The application of the frequency conversion host主講：楊震系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用主任工程師氣象參數(shù)分析Analysis of meteorological parameters1C目錄ontents變頻主機(jī)性能應(yīng)用分析Performance analysis of frequency conversion2案例分析（一）case analysis3案例分析（二）case analysis4樣板工程Applic

2、ation case5氣象參數(shù)分析Analysis of meteorological parameters1典型日-負(fù)荷傳熱10000KW9000室外負(fù)荷8000室內(nèi)負(fù)荷70006000500040003000時(shí)間200010000123456789101112131415161718192021222324新風(fēng)從季節(jié)性上講，系統(tǒng)只有很少的時(shí)段會運(yùn)行運(yùn)行在滿負(fù)荷。設(shè)備、燈光散熱人體散熱房間溫度：26典型日:24小時(shí)負(fù)荷變化典型日-氣象分析上海7月27日干球溫度36.034.07干球溫度32.030.028.026.024.01234567891011121314151617181920212

3、22324上海7月27日濕球溫度27.0濕球溫度26.0225.024.023.022.021.020.0123456789101112131415161718192021222324全年-氣象分析（一）上海夏季設(shè)計(jì)干球溫度34.4，歷年有50小時(shí)高于此值。主機(jī)的配制按此值設(shè)計(jì)。從季節(jié)性上講，系統(tǒng)只有很少的段會運(yùn)行運(yùn)行在滿負(fù)荷，小于3%。出現(xiàn)小時(shí)數(shù)(h)-10-10-5-50055101015152020252530303535出現(xiàn)小時(shí)數(shù)（h）01378851430123713731857153829013占比0%2%10%16%14%16%21%18%3%0.001484上海-全年各級干球溫

4、度頻數(shù)2000180016001400120010008006004002000-10-10-5-50055101015152020252530303535各級干球溫度()03366991212151518182121全年-氣象分析（二）上海夏季設(shè)計(jì)濕球溫度27.9，歷年有50小時(shí)高于此值。主機(jī)的配制按此值設(shè)計(jì)。從季節(jié)性上講，冷卻水溫很少高于25.6+5=30.6，小于3.7%。出現(xiàn)小時(shí)數(shù)（h）濕球溫度（）-2.3-2.36.46.412.312.316.716.720.220.223.123.125.625.6出現(xiàn)小時(shí)數(shù)（h）45923941549102610941016897325全年時(shí)間

5、占比5.2%27.3%17.7%11.7%12.5%11.6%10.2%3.7%上海全年濕球溫度頻數(shù)300025002000150010005000-2.3-2.36.46.412.312.316.716.720.220.223.123.125.625.6各級濕球溫度()節(jié)能25節(jié)/20濕球溫度15105910111201235.7 8.30 1.90 -3.7濕球溫度 2.77 4.097.范圍30上節(jié)能25節(jié)/20濕球溫度15105濕球溫度我國主要城市濕球溫度30252015105030節(jié)能能節(jié)能12345678456789101112濕球溫度-6.5-4.92.008.6014.117.

6、923.321.91812.317.621.824.724.521.215.710.34.82北京月平均濕球溫度變化海月平均濕球溫度變化范圍302520151050節(jié)能能節(jié)能1中0國建11筑熱1環(huán)2境分析專0用氣象1數(shù)據(jù)集2123456789345678910111225.4 中國建筑工業(yè)2005年4月1日出版的圖書 16.3濕球溫度11.211.516.320.323.024.926.024.118.916.016.858.5611.119.422.524.423.821.416.312.98.03廣州月平均濕球溫度變化范圍重慶月平均濕球溫度變化范圍數(shù)據(jù)來源：中國建筑熱環(huán)境分析專用氣象數(shù)據(jù)集

7、濕球溫度/濕球溫度/小結(jié)建筑空調(diào)需求：n 一天中，空調(diào)負(fù)荷會隨時(shí)間變化而變化。n 一年中，空調(diào)的負(fù)荷會隨時(shí)間的變化而變化。n 一年中，絕大部分時(shí)間段，空調(diào)系統(tǒng)都應(yīng)滿足使用需求。制冷主機(jī)：n 一天中，冷凍站的冷量輸出會大幅波動。n 一天中，冷水機(jī)組的冷卻水溫變動不大。n 一年中，冷凍站的冷量輸出會大幅波動。n 一年中，冷水機(jī)組的冷卻水溫 變動大。無論是某一天，還是某個(gè)空調(diào)制冷季，冷凍站的冷量輸出都在大幅變化調(diào)節(jié)中。變頻主機(jī)性能應(yīng)用分析Performance analysis of frequency conversion2競品-資料分析（二）706050節(jié)能4030變水溫定水溫20100100%

8、90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%耗能-10-20-30主機(jī)能耗(RPM 3)部分負(fù)荷和低冷卻水溫兩種因素下，變頻節(jié)能最高，其中冷卻水溫影響最大。壓頭冷凍/冷(RPM 2)卻水季節(jié)因素冷負(fù)荷冷媒流量(RPM)時(shí)刻和季節(jié)因素競品-資料分析（二）5026.53403020冷卻水溫（）10節(jié)約（KW）0100% 100% 100% 100% 100%100% 100% 100% 100% 100%-10-20-30n 即使是主機(jī)負(fù)荷率在100%,隨著冷卻水溫的下除，冷凝器的壓力也隨之下降，通過變頻器對壓縮機(jī)的調(diào)節(jié)，當(dāng)冷卻水溫下降至26左右時(shí)，變頻主機(jī)也會出現(xiàn)節(jié)能。n 以上特性在一

9、些穩(wěn)定高負(fù)荷比的項(xiàng)目項(xiàng)目中，變頻也是有意義的。美的-1000冷噸數(shù)據(jù)CCWE1000HV&CCWE1000H100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%32 98%109%121%131%138%30 98%109%121%131%138%147%149%28101%112%125%135%142%152%154%161%26 103%114%127%137%144%154%156%163%183%CCWE1000H100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%32 5.8965.7175.5165.295.028NaNNaNNaNNaNNaN30 6.183

10、5.9965.7865.5485.2734.9484.551NaNNaNNaN286.4876.296.075.8215.5325.1924.7744.236NaNNaN26 6.7946.5886.3576.0965.7945.43754.4373.643NaNCCWE1000HV100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%32 5.7756.236.6856.9176.926NaNNaNNaNNaNNaN30 6.0576.5347.0127.2557.2657.2746.787NaNNaNNaN28 6.5527.0697.5857.8497.8597.8697.342

11、6.814NaNNaN26 6.9667.5158.0648.3448.3558.3667.8057.2446.683NaN1000冷噸：32時(shí)COP分析變頻定頻比例38%7.540%35%31%730%6.525% 21%20%615%5.59%10%5% -2%50%4.5-5%100%90%80%70%60%變頻5.7756.236.6856.9176.926定頻5.8965.7175.5165.295.028比例-2%9%21%31%38%1000冷噸：30時(shí)COP分析變頻定頻比例7.560%49%50%47%738%40%6.531%30%621%20%5.59%10%50%-2%4

12、.5-10%100%90%80%70%60%50%40%變頻6.0576.5347.0127.2557.2657.2746.787定頻6.1835.9965.7865.5485.2734.9484.551比例-2%9%21%31%38%47%49%1000冷噸：26時(shí)COP分析28主機(jī)COP變頻定頻比例8.570%861%60%54%7.552%50%742%40%6.535%630%25%5.520%512%10%4.51%40%100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%變頻6.5527.0697.5857.8497.8597.8697.3426.814定頻6.4876.296.07

13、5.8215.5325.1924.7744.236比例1%12%25%35%42%52%54%61%1000冷噸離心機(jī)： 26數(shù)據(jù)分析（一）變頻定頻比例9.590%83%80%8.570%63%56%7.560%54%50%44%6.537%40%5.530%27%20%14%4.510%3%3.50%100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%變頻6.9667.5158.0648.3448.3558.3667.8057.2446.683定頻6.7946.5886.3576.0965.7945.43754.4373.643比例3%14%27%37%44%54%56%63%83%10

14、00冷噸-COP的問題32302826323028269.576.58.567.55.56.555.54.54.543.53.5100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%325.8965.7175.5165.295.028306.1835.9965.7865.5485.2734.9484.551286.4876.296.075.8215.5325.1924.7744.236266.7946.5886.3576.0965.7945.43754.4373.643n 變頻離心機(jī)組和定頻離心機(jī)組的COP值高效點(diǎn)是由壓縮機(jī)特性決定的，最高效率點(diǎn)不會因?yàn)槔鋮s水溫變化而變化；100%90%80

15、%70%60%50%40%30%20%325.7756.236.6856.9176.926306.0576.5347.0127.2557.2657.2746.787286.5527.0697.5857.8497.8597.8697.3426.814266.9667.5158.0648.3448.3558.3667.8057.2446.6831000冷噸-IPLV問題定頻變頻水溫9.535IPLV值的高效點(diǎn)是由部分負(fù)荷和低冷卻水溫兩個(gè)因素共同作用的結(jié)果；除負(fù)荷率100%的點(diǎn)外其余幾個(gè)點(diǎn)變頻主機(jī)明顯高于定頻主機(jī)，最終結(jié)果是變頻主機(jī)IPLV值遠(yuǎn)高于定頻主機(jī)；IPLV值主要體現(xiàn)了單機(jī)的季節(jié)性和負(fù)荷性的

16、特點(diǎn)，可以評估主機(jī)的整體特性。在多臺主機(jī)的系統(tǒng)中，單臺機(jī)組的IPLV值不能代表系統(tǒng)的負(fù)荷特性。308.5257.5206.5155.5104.553.50100%75%50%25%定頻6.1846.7026.6383.96變頻6.0577.978.5097.511水溫30262319案例分析（一）case analysis3常規(guī)方案冷量為2400冷噸的項(xiàng)目為例，常用的制冷主機(jī)選配方案如下：定頻繁離心+小螺桿1000冷噸1000冷噸400冷噸大+?。盒±淞柯輻U解決了項(xiàng)目中低負(fù)荷運(yùn)行和啟動的問題。過程中運(yùn)行組合較多。水系統(tǒng)節(jié)能。離心機(jī)（相同冷量）800冷噸800冷噸800冷噸全離心：變頻離心機(jī)可以

17、解決了系統(tǒng)小負(fù)荷運(yùn)行和啟動的問題。全制冷季變頻運(yùn)行節(jié)能有優(yōu)勢。方案變化方案五:800RT800RT800RT變頻變頻變頻方案四:800RT800RT800RT定頻定頻變頻方案三:800RT800RT800RT定頻變頻定頻方案二:800RT800RT800RT定頻定頻定頻方案一:1000RT1000RT400RT定頻定頻運(yùn)行策略：2臺離心機(jī)+1臺螺桿1號機(jī)級（1000冷噸）3號機(jī)級（400冷噸）2號機(jī)級（1000冷噸）120%100%80%60%40%20%0%100% 90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%n 節(jié)能點(diǎn)1：離心機(jī)大都運(yùn)行在高效區(qū)；n 節(jié)能點(diǎn)2：低負(fù)荷時(shí)螺桿高效區(qū)運(yùn)

18、行；n 節(jié)能點(diǎn)2：螺桿機(jī)配套水系統(tǒng)低能耗運(yùn)行；問題1：螺桿噪聲問題，運(yùn)行人員不愿意開啟；問題2：螺桿機(jī)利用率低，有很項(xiàng)目閑置不用；問題3：自動運(yùn)行時(shí)，部分點(diǎn)會頻繁啟動；制冷量系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率臺數(shù)1號離心2號離心3號螺桿（RT）（臺）2400100%3100%100%100%216090%390%90%90%192080%380%80%80%168070%370%70%70%144060%272%72%關(guān)120050%286%關(guān)86%96040%296%關(guān)關(guān)72030%172%關(guān)關(guān)48020%148%關(guān)關(guān)24010%1關(guān)關(guān)60%方案一:1000RT1000RT400RT定頻定頻運(yùn)行策略： 3臺離心機(jī)1

19、號機(jī)級2號機(jī)級3號機(jī)級120%100%80%60%40%20%0%100% 90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%n 單臺主機(jī)運(yùn)行在低荷載的時(shí)候非常少，隨著冷凍站規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大，冷機(jī)臺數(shù)增加，此特點(diǎn)會更加明顯。n 全壽命周期的變頻離心機(jī)的收益會隨采用變頻離心機(jī)的臺數(shù)增加而增加制冷量系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率臺數(shù)1號離心2號離心3號離心（RT）（臺）2400100%3100%100%100%216090%390%90%90%192080%380%80%80%168070%370%70%70%144060%290%90%關(guān)120050%275%75%關(guān)96040%260%60%關(guān)72030%190%關(guān)

20、關(guān)48020%160%關(guān)關(guān)24010%130%關(guān)關(guān)800RT800RT800RT定頻變頻定頻上海：冷卻水溫度上海：五十月全天8:00至10:00點(diǎn)各級冷卻水溫頻數(shù)3503103002632422392172502162091941911882001501151167610050020212223242526272829303132系列231076115191263216242217194188239209116出現(xiàn)小時(shí)數(shù)（h）出現(xiàn)小時(shí)數(shù)（h）上海：五十月全天8:00至10:00點(diǎn)各級濕球溫度頻數(shù)35031030026324223925019121621719418820920015011511

21、6100765000161617171818191920202121222223232424252526262727系列131076115191263216242217194188239209116上海：系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率n 濕球溫度直接決定冷卻水溫度，濕球溫度的高低也反應(yīng)了氣候變化的季節(jié)性特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)濕球溫度也間接反應(yīng)了天氣的炎熱程度；n 空調(diào)的冷荷載隨氣候的炎熱程度變化而變化；以濕球溫度高低為基礎(chǔ)來確定系統(tǒng)的負(fù)荷率，如溫球溫度大于27時(shí)，冷卻水溫高于32時(shí)系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率為100%;n 根據(jù)濕球溫度的高低來確定系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率，后續(xù)的計(jì)算以基礎(chǔ)展開；負(fù)荷占比不同冷卻水溫下系統(tǒng)冷負(fù)荷比120%100%80%60%

22、40%20%0%100%93%85%78%70%63%55%48%40%33%25%18%10%20212223242526272829303132負(fù)荷比10%18%25%33%40%48%55%63%70%78%85%93%100%能耗-方案12臺1000冷噸加1臺400冷噸螺桿編號系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率冷卻水溫時(shí)間系統(tǒng)制冷量運(yùn)行主機(jī)臺數(shù)單機(jī)負(fù)荷率1000冷噸1號主機(jī)（定頻）1000冷噸2號主機(jī)（定頻）415冷噸3號主機(jī)（定頻）主機(jī)能耗冷卻塔1冷卻塔2冷卻塔3冷卻泵1冷卻泵2冷卻泵3冷凍泵1冷凍泵2冷凍泵3輔助設(shè)備能耗電價(jià)費(fèi)用%（）hRT.H(臺)%(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW.h)(KW

23、)(KW)(KW)(KW)(KW)(KW)(KW)(KW)(KW)(KW.h)(元/度)(萬元)1100%321162784003100%601.1601.1275.717143618.318.312.592.292.239.3797933.6538820.8519.15293%31209463980393%538.5538.5248.427700918.318.312.592.292.239.3797933.6970800.8531.80385%30239487560385%485.0485.0220.228445818.318.312.592.292.242.1797933.6111685

24、0.8533.67478%29188349680378%440.3440.3197.320264518.318.312.592.292.242.1797933.6878530.8524.69570%28194325920370%392.7392.7174.018612418.318.312.592.292.242.1797933.6906570.8523.53663%27217325500363%351.4351.4154.718607818.318.312.592.292.242.1797933.61014040.8524.44755%26242319440294%483.8225.4171

25、62618.312.592.242.17933.6672170.8520.30848%25216246240281%413.5188.212996718.312.592.242.17933.6599950.8516.15940%24263252480269%351.1157.513376218.312.592.242.17933.6730500.8517.581033%23191148980178%381.97294318.392.279362030.859.281125%2211569000160%297.83424718.392.279217980.854.761218%217631920

26、142%246.21871118.392.279144060.852.811310%2031074400160%126.93933918.312.592.242.17933.6861040.8510.66257633735001908344901332合計(jì)：238.82方案一:1000RT1000RT400RT定頻定頻能耗-方案23臺800冷噸定頻離心機(jī)組編號系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率冷卻水溫時(shí)間系統(tǒng)制冷量運(yùn)行主機(jī)臺數(shù)單機(jī)負(fù)荷率1號主機(jī)（定頻）2號主機(jī)（定頻）3號主機(jī)（定頻）主機(jī)能耗冷卻塔冷卻泵冷凍泵輔助設(shè)備能耗電價(jià)費(fèi)用%（）hRT.H(臺)%(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW.h)(KW/臺)(KW

27、/臺)(KW/臺)(KW.h)(元/度)(萬元)1100%321162784003100%487.3487.3487.316958018.373.863.2540470.8519.01293%31209463980393%437.1437.1437.127406218.373.863.2973780.8531.57385%30239487560385%393.3393.3393.328199618.373.863.21113560.8533.43478%29188349680378%356.0356.0356.020078418.373.863.2875940.8524.51570%28194

28、325920370%318.5318.5318.518536718.373.863.2903900.8523.44663%27217325500363%287.2287.2287.218696718.373.863.21011060.8524.49755%26242319440283%347.4347.416814218.373.863.2751690.8520.68848%25216246240271%296.3296.312800218.373.863.2670930.8516.58940%24263252480260%253.8253.813349918.373.863.2816920.

29、8518.291033%23191148980198%380.37263718.373.863.2296640.858.701125%2211569000175%281.93241918.373.863.2178600.854.271218%217631920153%209.21589918.373.863.2118030.852.351310%2031074400130%181.45623418.373.863.2481460.858.87257633735009686.01905587.40698640.15合計(jì)236.21方案二:800RT800RT800RT定頻定頻定頻能耗-方案33臺

30、800冷噸定頻離心機(jī)組編號系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷率冷卻水溫時(shí)間系統(tǒng)制冷量運(yùn)行主機(jī)臺數(shù)單機(jī)負(fù)荷率1號主機(jī)（定頻）2號主機(jī)（定頻）3號主機(jī)（定頻）主機(jī)能耗冷卻塔冷卻泵冷凍泵輔助設(shè)備能耗電價(jià)費(fèi)用%（）hRT.H(臺)%(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW.h)(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW/臺)(KW.h)(元/度)(萬元)1100%321162784003100%497.4487.3487.317075218.373.7663.2540470.8519.11293%31209463980393%422.8437.1437.127107318.373.7663.2973780.8531.32385%3023

31、9487560385%364.6393.3393.327513718.373.7663.21113560.8532.85478%29188349680378%310.1356.0356.019215518.373.7663.2875940.8523.78570%28194325920370%259.8318.5318.517397918.373.7663.2903900.8522.47663%27217325500363%220.5287.2287.217249318.373.7663.21011060.8523.26755%26242319440283%304.6347.415778418.

32、373.7663.2751690.8519.80848%25216246240271%238.6296.311553818.373.7663.2670930.8515.52940%24263252480260%187.3253.811600918.373.7663.2816920.8516.801033%23191148980198%358.16839718.373.7663.2296640.858.341125%2211569000175%229.72641618.373.7663.2178600.853.761218%217631920153%145.61106618.373.7663.2118030.851.941310%2031074400130%88.02728018.373.7663.2481460.856.41257633735001778079